Iimpazamo ekuphenduleleni zingadala i-"Mutant" Iintsholongwane zokumelana neNtsholongwane kaGawulayo
Ukuchaswa kweziyobisi ze-HIV kuchazwa nje ngokuthi utshintsho kwi-genetic structure of HIV, enokwenza iindiza ezithile zincinci okanye zichase ngokupheleleyo kwiimishanguzo ze- antiretroviral . Njengoko ezi zigulo zintsholongwane ziqhubeka zikhula, ekugqibeleni ziba yintsholongwane ephezulu kwi "pool pool". Xa oko kwenzeka, isicatshulwa se-HIV somntu siya kuba sisebenza ngaphantsi ngaphantsi koko unyango luphela.
Izidakamizwa ezintsha zokulwa ne-antiretroviral zivame ukuhlakulela ukunganyanziseki, nangona ukunyanzelana kweziyobisi ezingalunganga kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokumelana nokuvumela intsholongwane (kubandakanye iintsholongwane eziguquguqukayo) ukuba ziphindaphindiwe.
Kutheni i-HIV Yokunyaniseka isenzeka?
Njengoko iiseli zivelisa, zenza iikopi ezizodwa, zikhulayo kwinani nganye ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Kodwa i-HIV ifumaneka kwiimpembelelo zokuhlukumeza i-genetic, apho iikopi ziphela okanye ziphazamisekile. Ngokuqhelekileyo oko kungenjalo, ezi zikopi ezibuthakathaka "eziguquguqukayo" zifa ngokukhawuleza.
Kwezinye iimeko ezinqabileyo, nangona kunjalo, kwenzeka okuchasene noko. Esikhundleni sokufa, ezinye iintsholongwane ziyakwazi ukuphumelela ngenxa yokuba i-conformation yabo eguquguqukileyo ayivumeli ukuba izidakamizwa ze-HIV zidibanise, zingene okanye zibophe kubo. Ngoko ngelixa iziyobisi ziyakwazi ukubulala intsholongwane yokuqala (eyaziwa ngokuba yi- "type wild" virus ), "iinguqu" eziguquguqukayo zithatha ngokukhawuleza ukuba zibe yintambo ebalulekileyo.
Ukuxhatshazwa kwe-Genetic kunokudluliselwa kumntu kuye komntu ngesondo, ukusebenzisa i-needle ebelwanayo, okanye ukuchithwa kwegazi ngqo kwigazi.
Ukuba ukuhluleka kwonyango kubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-HIV, ezinye iiklasi zamachiza ziya kuqashwa ukuba zithintele izinto ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwepilisi yomntu.
Jonga indlela ukungatshatyalaliswa kweziyobisi ze-HIV kuvela kwi -slide ebonisa ulwazi, isahlulo seshumi .
Indlela yokuyijonga kunye nokuqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwe-ARV
Kukhona iimvavanyo zegazi ezilula ezinokufumanisa ukunyanzelwa kwe-HIV kwaye kunceda oogqirha bachonge ukuba yiyiphi imithi eya kusebenza ngokubhekiselele kwintsholongwane eguqulwayo.
Iindidi ezimbini zokuvavanya ukuchaswa kuthiwa i- genotypic kunye ne- phenotypic e-test bayakwazi ukuchonga, ngokulandelanayo, ukuguquka kwemfuyo kwenzeke kwaye zingaphi iinguqulelo ezinokuthi zithintele.
- Izilingo ze-Genotypic zihlola i-genetic coding ye-virus, kuqala
ukukhulisa izixhobo zofuzo kwaye emva koko ukukhangela ukubona ukuba utshintsho oluphi na lunokufaniswa negciwane lolawulo. I-Pathologist ingakwazi ke ukuqikelela ukuba yeyiphi imilinganiselo yokuchasana ikhona ngokusekelwe kwimiyalezo ethile yeefomethi. Ezinye iinguqu "ezingatshatanga" zinika amanqanaba aphezulu okuchasana, kanti ezinye zithathwa njengento encinci kwaye zinegalelo ekukhuseleni. - Uvavanyo oluthile luhluke kwiindlela zokuhlola i-genotypic ngokuthi ithatha intsholongwane kwaye iyakubonakalisa kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yeyeza-HIV. Ngokwenza njalo, kunika i-pathologists "ihlabathi lenene," ubungqina obunokulinganiswa bokuchaswa kweziyobisi.
Ezi mvavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukucacisa iikholeji eziphambili kwiinkalo zokuqala kunye nezonyango ezilandelayo kwi-US nakwamanye amazwe anezityebi. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko ze-genotyping kunye ne-phenotyping ithathwa njengezingavumelekanga kwiindawo ezininzi ezihluphekileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa okuthe ngqo kwiigulane zecandelo labucala.
Okwangoku iinkampani ezininzi ze-inshorensi e-US, ezizimeleyo kunye noluntu, zihlawula i-genotypic test.
Uvavanyo lweefenotype lungafunyanwa ngabanye bomshuwalense. Njalo qwalasela umboneleli wakho womshuwalense ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngaba iimvavanyo zifakiwe kwiiphakheji zakho.
Funda kabanzi malunga nendlela yokwenziwa kwe-HIV kunye ne-phenotyping work .
Imithombo:
I-World Health Organization (WHO). "Iphepha leNtsholongwane yeNtsholongwane kaGawulayo." Geneva, eSwitzerland; NgoAprili 11, 2011.
Taniguchi, T .; Nuritdinova, D .; Grubb, J; okqhubekayo. "Uhlobo lwe-HIV oluxhatshazwayo lwe-HIV lugqithiseleyo luhlala ludlulele kwaye luchaphazela iziphumo ze-virologic nxamnye neyeza-antiretroviral ekhokelwa yi-genotype." Uphando lwe-AIDS lwe-Retroviruses zabantu. Matshi 5, 2012; 28 (3): 259-264.
Kuhn, L; UkuHlola, G; Technau, K; okqhubekayo. "Ukuchaswa kwezidakamizwa phakathi kwabantwana abasandululweyo abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo ngexesha le-antiretroviral prophylaxis." AIDS. Aprili 30, 2014; 8: 1673-1678.
Iziko zeSizwe zezeMpilo (NIH). "Izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kwee-Antiretroviral Agents kwi-HIV-1-abadala nabachaphazelekayo." EBethesda, eMaryn; Oktobha 11, 2013.