Le ndlela iiseli zibalulekile ngayo ukufumanisa izifo
Kwi-biology nakwiyeza, isisombululo "-blast" ibhekisela kwiiseli ezifayo ezibizwa ngokuba yizisele zephambi okanye iiseli ezinamabala. Unokuba nefuthe ekhupha kuzo zonke iintlobo zeeseli ezikhethekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-neuroblasts iphakamisa iiseli zesigulane kunye ne-angioblasts ivelisa amayeza atyebileyo. Kanye nje ngokuba iiseliti zamathambo kunye namafutha athile avela kwii-cell precursor cells, iiseli zegazi nazo zivela kwiintsholongwane ezingamanzi ezenza igazi, okanye ukuqhuma kwintsipho.
Iiseli zegazi zisoloko zakhiwa ukuba zitshintshele abo abaye badala okanye baphelile.
Ngoko, kutheni kubalulekile ukwazi malunga nokuqhuma? Ngokukodwa, amathambo omnyoli weethambo?
Sonke sinokuqhuma. Enyanisweni, saqala ukuqhuma, i-blastocyst ibe yinto eyiyo-i-jumble yeeseli ezahlula ngokwaneleyo amaxesha ukuba zibe ngumbungu. Yintoni ebalulekileyo yokwazi kukuba ukubonakala kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhuma kwiindawo ezingalindelekanga zomzimba okanye ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ezingaqhelekanga kunokubonisa isifo okanye umhlaza.
I-Bone Marrow Blast Cells
Ngomnkantso ococekileyo wegazi, iiseli ezenziwe ngegazi ezibizwa ngokuba yi- hematopoietic stem cells zithuthuka zibe ngamaseli egazi abomvu, iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe kunye neeplatelet ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i- hematopoiesis . Le nkqubo iqhubeka kuyo yonke imihla yakho. I-cell stem iyakhetha indlela yayo yokuphuhlisa ibe yimizila emibini yamaseli, umgca weseli lymphoid okanye umgca weselfowuni. Ngomgca weselfowuni, igama elithi "blast cell" libhekisela kwi-myeloblasts okanye i-myeloid blasts.
Lawa awona mathuba kakhulu kwaye awona maninzi amancinci omgca weeselidi.
Nangona iiseli zomgca weeselidi zeseli zenza malunga neepesenti ezingama-85 zeeseli kwintsipho yomnatha, ngaphantsi kwama-5 ekhulwini kumnatha wethambo kufuneka kuqhutywe iiseli.
I-Myeloblast inika iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe . Le ntsapho yamaseli egazi amhlophe iquka i-neutrophils, i-eosinophil, i- basophil kunye ne-monocytes, kunye ne-macrophages.
Ukuba khona kwezi myeloblasts ezifunyenweyo ezijikelezayo kwigazi zingabonakalisa isibonakaliso sezilwanyana ezithile ezifana ne-leukemia ekhulayo kunye ne-myelodysplastic syndromes.
I-Myeloblast Disorders
Kwimeko ye -leukemia ye -myelogenous (AML) kunye ne- myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) , kukho ukukhutshwa kwe-myeloblast engavamile. Ezi iiseli azikwazi ukuhlakulela phambili kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezimhlophe.
I-leukemia enesifo esilungileyo isifo somdlavuza ohamba ngamanye amagama amaninzi, njengengxaki ye-leyemia ye-myelocytic, i-leukemia enesifo esibi kakhulu, i-leukemia enamandla kakhulu, i-leukemia engekho-lymphocytic, okanye ngamanye ama-AML. Kuqhelekileyo kubantu abadala. Uninzi lweziganeko ze-AML zikhula ukusuka kwiiseli eziza kuba ngamaseli ezimhlophe ngaphandle kwe-lymphocytes, nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimeko ze-AML zikhula kwezinye iindidi zeeseli ezenza igazi.
I-Myelodysplastic syndrome yiqela leengxaki ezichaphazela ukuveliswa kweeseli ezintsha zegazi kwindawo yomongo. Kulezi zifo, umongo weethambo uvelisa iifomfri ezingavumelekanga ezingakwazi ukukhula kakuhle kwaye azikwazi ukusebenza.
Ezi ziqhumiso ezingavumelekanga ziqala ukuthatha umongo wethambo kwaye zikhusele ukuveliswa kweenombolo ezifanelekileyo zezinye iintlobo zeeseli zegazi, njengeeplatelet, iiseli zegazi ezibomvu, kunye neeseli zegazi ezimhlophe.
Enyanisweni, ukuveliswa kwemiphunga yomshukela kungaphumelela kangangokuba iiseli ezifayo zikhupha zisuka kwi-bone lomnxeba ziya kuhambisa. Ubungqina bentsholongwane yamanzi kwiqondo elipheleleyo legazi (CBC) ngoko lisola kakhulu ngenxa yegazi. Amaseli e-Blast awaqhelekanga kwigazi elijikelezayo labantu abaphilileyo.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Cancer Society. I-Leukemia ekhangelekileyo ye-Myeloid ikhetha njani? NgoFebhuwari 22, 2016.
> Larson RA, Le Beau MM. Ukuxhamlaza kunye neNyango xa iLukemia ye-Promyelocytic eyiyo kunye neyezinye "Ingozi efanelekileyo" i-Leyoemia ye-Myeloid ebonakalayo ifana ne-Treatment-Related Myeloid Neoplasm. I-Mediterranean Journal ye-Hematology kunye nezifo ezithintekayo . 2011; 3 (1): e2011032.
> Zahid MF, Parnes A, Savani BN, Litzow MR, Hashmi SK. Iimpawu ezinxulumene neyeza ezinxulumene neyeza-esiyifunde kangangoko? I-World Journal yeStem cells . 2016; 8 (8): 231-242.
> "Ukuhlaziywa ngokubanzi kwe-Hematopoiesis kunye ne-Immunology: Impembelelo kwi-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Receptors" e-Ezzone, S. (2004) I-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Umqulu we-Oncology Nursing Society: Pittsburgh, PA (iphe.1- 12).