Kutheni amabala aKhanya okuKhanya aKhuseleka kakhulu kwiMonakalo yeLanga
Ingoma kaElton John ingabonisa "amehlo aluhlaza okwehla elangeni", kodwa abantu abanamehlo alungileyo kufuneka baqonde kangcono iingozi zamehlo ezibangelwa ukukhanya okukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, ngokutsho kwe-American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO). Kwi-poll ye-2014 eyayithunywe yi-AAO, bambalwa abantu abanamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okanye okwe-hazel babonakala beyazi ukuba umbala wabo wamehlo ubabeka engozini enkulu yecataract and future problems.
I-Cataracts kunye neYiso eliguga
Impembelelo engokwemvelo yokuguga, i-cataract iyinkqubela yokuqhubela phambili kwilensi yamehlo. Nangona iimeko ezininzi ezifana nokubhema kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-steroid zingadlala indima ekuphuhliseni i-cataracts, zidibaniswa neminyaka yokukhanya kwelanga. Ingaphezulu kwesigamu samaMerika ziza kuhlakulela i-cataract ngexesha elifikelela kwiminyaka eyi-80, esongela amehlo abo, ukuzimela kunye nempilo yonke.
Ukhohlo olungaphendulwanga, i-cataract ingabangela ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kombono; Ziyibangela ebangela ukuphofisa emhlabeni jikelele.
UkuKhanya kunye noMnyama Omnyama
Abantu abanemibala yonke yamehlo bafumana ingxaki, kodwa uphando lufumene ukuba abantu abadala abanemibala ekhanyayo bayingozi kakhulu kuzo zonke iintlobo zomonakalo we-UV, kubandakanya i-cataracts, i-melanoma okanye i-melanoma ye-ocular kunye ne - ARMD.
Phantse isiqingatha sabantu baseMntla-Amerika banamabala ambala.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuhlaziywa kuka -2006 kwiphepha le- Archives of Ophthalmology lihlolisise iiphando ezingama-132 kwaye lagqiba ukuba abantu abanemibala yamehlo ekhanyayo banamathuba angaphezu kwama-75% ekuphuhliseni i-melanoma ye-ocular, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza weso kunye nommandla oqhelekileyo we-melanoma ngaphandle kwesikhumba .
Nje ngokuba amathani ekhuni amnyama aneengqungquthela ezithatha ukukhanya okungenayo i-ultraviolet, irises ebumnyama - inxalenye yebala ye-iso - kukholwa ukuba inqanda i-ray emisebe ye-UV yokushaya nokulimaza izakhiwo ezisisiseko selihlo , i- retina kunye ne-macula .
Uphando oluPhikisanayo
Okumangalisa kukuba, izifundo ezimbini zase-Australia ezipapashwe ngo-2000 nangama-2002 kwi- American Journal of Ophthalmology zifumene okuchaseneyo: abadala abadala abanamava babekho amathuba angama-80% okuvelisa i-cataracts ngaphezu kophando lweminyaka emi-5, xa kuthelekiswa nabalingani babo be-blue eyes.
Omabini amaphepha abandakanyeka abantu abanjalo abadala, njengengxenye yeBlue Mountains Study Study. Amadoda angaphezu kwama-3,600 amadoda nabesifazane abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-49 no-97 babandakanyeka uphando olude.
Funda ngakumbi: Ngaba izazinzulu zifumana njani kwaye zilandele bonke abo bantu?
Kutheni ukungafani phakathi kweziphumo zophando? Kutheni ukuba izifundo ezinobumnyama zijongene nokulimala kwe-UV ngendlela yokwahlula kwezi zifundo? Ukuze ndiphendule lo mbuzo, ndabonisana noStephanie Marioneaux, i-ophthalmologist eqinisekisiweyo ebhodini kunye neengcali ze-cornea.
Izifundo zase-Australia zenzelwe kakuhle kwaye ziqhutywa kakuhle, "uyaphawula. "Kodwa idatha malunga namabala amnyama angasitshela nje ngabantu baloo nto, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba i-extrapolated kwezinye iindawo. I-Australia iyisiqithi esinabantu abangafaniyo, kwaye kunokuthi kubekho imfuza okanye iimeko zengozi-kuba siyazi ukuba ukutya okunokutya kunokuchaphazela impilo yeziliso - ezingabonakali kulolu cwaningo. "
Indlela Yokukhusela Amehlo Akho
Ingaba amehlo akho alula okanye asemnyama, ukugqoka izibane zokukhanya ezivimba ngokupheleleyo i-ultraviolet ray kuyindlela elula yokukhusela umonakalo welanga. Khangela "u-100% UV Protection" (okanye i-99%) kwilebula ukuqinisekisa ukuba iziglasi zivimba zombini ii-UV ne-UVB.
Enye indlela yokubhengezwa kweembonakalo kubanzi "UV400", oku kuthetha ukuba iiglasi zithatha imitha ye-UV ukuya kuma-nanometer angama-400.
Qinisekisa ukuba ukhetha isakhelo esikhulu - ngokufanelekileyo kwisitayela sokujikeleza ngeengalo ezibanzi - kuba ii-UV ezikhanyisiweyo ziboniswe ukuba zingene ngaphaya, ngaphantsi kwaye zijikeleze iziglasi njengeMarioneaux. Amehlo ayakhuselwa ngakumbi ngokugqoka isitya esikhulu okanye i-visor.
Ekugqibeleni, ungaboni ukutshona kwelanga, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuhle kangakanani, ucebisa uMarioneaux.
Uyakubonakala ungabonakalisi, kodwa oko kungumthamo omkhulu welanga, "uxwayisa. "Kungakhathaliseki ukuba umbala wakho wamehlo, ungathembeli kwindlela okhanya ngayo ilanga ukukuxelela ukuba unxibe izibane zakho.
Yaye khumbula, awukwazi ukuxelela ngokukhangela kwiiglasi nokuba zibonelela nge-spectrum-coverage. Qinisekisa ukuba ukhangele le nto kwilebula xa uthenge. "
Okukwintsusa
Izibuko zelanga ziyindlela elula kwaye efanelekileyo yokukhusela ukulimala kwelanga elizayo, enoba amehlo akho aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, emdaka, okanye into ephakathi.
Imithombo:
Iziphumo zeSifundo soPhulo lweeNyathelo eziMinyaka. I-National National Institutes of Health National Eye Institute Information Sheets.
http://www.nei.nih.gov/amd/background.asp.
I-Cataract kwiSitatimende seBaso leBantu iBhitchmark - 2013. I-American Academy ye-Ophthalmology ye-Practice Practice Guidelines.
http://one.aao.org/summary-benchmark-detail/cataract-in-adult-eye-summary-benchmark--october-2.
Cumming, RG, Mitchell P noLim R. "Umbala we-Iris kunye neCataract: i-Blue Mountains Eye Eye Study." NguJ ophthalmol. 2000 Agasti; 130 (2): 237-8.
UHezekiya Weis, Chirag P. Shah, uMartin Lajous, uJerry A. Izihlangu, kunye noCarol L. Shields. "Umbutho Phakathi Kwezinto Zokukhunjulwa Kwemikhosi kunye ne-Uveal Melanoma: Uhlalutyo lweMeta." I-Arch Ophthalmol . 2006; 124 (1): 54-60.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/417449
Amaqiniso Ngeengxaki zeCataracts. Amaziko kaZwelonke kaZwelonke wezeMpilo kwiSizwe soLwazi lweZiko leSizwe.
https://www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts.asp.
U-Andrea Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, uKarl-Heinz Jöckel, uNorbert Bornfeld, uWolfgang Sauerwein, u-Andreas Stang. "Ukusebenzisana Okuhle Phakathi Kokukhanya Kwe-Iris Umbala kunye ne-Ultraviolet Radiation ngokubhekiselele kwengozi ye-Uveal Melanoma: Uvavanyo lwe-Case-Control." I-Ophthalmology ngoFebruwari 2009. I-Vol. 116, Issue 2, iphepha 340-348.
UStephanie Marioneaux, iBhodi-eqinisekisiweyo ye-Ophthalmologist neCornea Specialist. Udliwano-ndlebe oluqhutywe ngefowuni ngoMeyi 28, 2104.
Wenanan C, Mitchell P, Cumming RG, Rochtchina E, Wang JJ. "Iris Umbala kunye neNkcazo yeCataract kunye neCataract Surgery: i-Blue Mountains Eye Eye Study." NguJ ophthalmol. 2002 Aug; 134 (2): 273-4.