Xa ugqirha wakho efumana isigulane se-thyroid yomhlaza, isiluleko esicwangcisiweyo sonyango ukuba utyunjiswe ukususa i-nodule. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-lobe (isiqingatha) se-thyroid yakho isuswa, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, i-thyroid igcwele isuswa. Izigulane ezininzi ezinokuba ne- thyroidectomy ekhethekileyo zifuna i-hormone ye-thyroid ehlala kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye wonke umntu onayo i-thyroidectomy iyonke incike kwiyeza le-hormone unyango emva kokuhlinzwa.
Ngoku, ngenxa yincinci encinane, inobungozi obuphantsi, iindidi ezinokukhula ngokukhawuleza zomhlaza wesifo se- thyroid , iingcali ziqala ukucebisa indlela entsha: ukuqwalasela okusebenzayo.
Abaphandi abaxeliweyo kwiphepha le- JAMA-Otolaryngology-Intloko kunye neNeck Surgery baye babonisa ukuba ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo-kwaziwa nangokulinda ukulinda-kwala ma microcarcinom kungaba yindlela engcono kunezigulane kunokugqithwa, nje kuphela ukubeka iliso kubandakanya ubuchwephesha bobugcisa obunjengezinto ezintathu njenge ultrasound.
I-American Thyroid Association yavuma kwakhona ukusetyenziswa kohloliso olusebenzayo njengenye indlela yokwelashwa komhlaza we-thyroid kwizigulane ezikhethiweyo ezinomdlavuza we-thyroid.
Umbhali ohamba phambili we- JAMA u -R. Michael Tuttle, MD, weSikhumbuzo seSikhumbuzo seKrottering Cancer, kwisiXeko saseNew York, wathi kuMedscape:
Abaninzi abayi kufuna udliwayo iminyaka, kwaye mhlawumbi akakho. Sifudukela kude kwengqondo yokuba ngokukhawuleza xa ufumana ukuxilongwa komhlaza we-thyroid kufuneka ukhawuleze wenze utyando. Ngoku, kuninzi kwindlela ye-commonsense, kwaye ngokwenene kukho amaqela ezigulane zase-US ukuba oku kufuneka kuphunyeke ngokupheleleyo. Kukho izigulane zase-US ezingafuneki ngokukhawuleza utyando kuwo wonke umntwana omncinci, umhlaza we-thyroid.
Abaphandi baqwalasela iqela lezigulane ezincinci-ngaphantsi kwe-1.5 mm ngobukhulu-izicubu ze-thyroid. Ngaphezulu kwexesha leminyaka, ubungakanani besisu babuqhathaniswa ezintathu-ububanzi kunye ne-ultrasound njalo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kunyaka. Abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba emva kweminyaka emi-5, iipesenti ezili-12 kuphela zezigulane zibone ukuba izidumbu zazo zikhula zibe ngama-3 mm okanye ngaphezulu.
Akukho ukusasazeka kwendawo okanye ukude komhlaza owaphuhliswa kwizigulane ezifundwe ngexesha lokuhlola.
UDkt. Tuttle uthe ukulinganiswa kwe- ultrasound ye-ultrasound volume ye-tumor volume ngumqondo omtsha kunye obalulekileyo obangela ukujonga ngokugqithiseleyo nangokusebenzayo. Ukwenza i-ultrasound rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu kwi-yokuqala yeminyaka emibini yokulinda kuvumela iingcali ukuba zenze izinga lokukhula. Ukuba le nqanaba likhawuleza, ngoko utyando luyacetyiswa. Kodwa, ngokutsho kukaDkt. Tuttle, ekubeni uninzi lwabantu abanomdlavuza aluzange lukhule okanye lukhule kancinci, abaphandi bancomela ukuba oogqirha banokulinda ngokugqithiseleyo njengendlela yokukhetha abagulayo.
Njengoko uDkt. Tuttle etshela iMedscape:
Ukuqhutyelwa ekuqhutyweni kweso sifanele sibe yinto efanelekileyo kumntu ngamnye isigulane, kodwa akukho kamsinya ukuba bazimisele ukubukela. Uninzi lwabantu luxabisa i-thyroid yabo kwaye abafuni ukuba kwi-hormone ye-thyroid ebomini, ngoko ukuba banokukhetha ukubukela, bayabona ukuba njengento ebalulekileyo.
ILizwi
Hlalani nikhumbule ukuba ukuqwalaselwa ngokunyamekileyo kwesigulane sakho somhlaza we-thyroid sidinga iqela elinobuchule, elinobuchule kunye nekhethekileyo loogqirha. Unqwenela ukuba amalungu akho amacandelo abe namava kule ndlela enobulungisa kumdlavuza we-thyroid.
Iingcali ziyaqaphela ukuba isiphumo sinokuba siyancomeka kwezi gulane ezithotywayo ngaphandle kweziko lezonyango elinamava amaninzi omhlaza we-thyroid, okanye ababoneleli bezempilo abanomdla wokuxilongwa komhlaza we-thyroid kunye nonyango, kunye nolwazi lweenkqubo zokulinda. Umyalezo wokubuya ekhaya: ukujonga ngenyameko kunokuba yinto efanelekileyo kwaye iphephile kuwe, kodwa kuphela xa kwenziwa ezandleni zeengcali.
Esinye isikhokelo esibalulekileyo ukugcina engqondweni: eyona nto ebalulekileyo ekuqwalaselweni okusebenzayo kukulandelelanayo nokulandelelana. Ukuba ukhetha le ndlela, qinisekisa ukuba unama-ultra-dimensional ultrasounds rhoqo, kwaye landela ngeengcali zakho zeengcingo ze-thyroid.
Ukuhlolisiswa rhoqo kubalulekile ekuhloleni, kwaye kufuneka ukwazi ukufumana utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwisifo sakho somhlaza esiya kuqinisekisa ukungenelela kwonyango kunye nonyango kwikamva.
Ekugqibeleni, abaphandi bacetyisa ukuba abaviwa abagqwesileyo yibo bafunyaniswa emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50. Ukuba uneminyaka engama-50 ubudala, i-tumor yakho iya kukhula, ngoko utyando luya kuphakanyiswa rhoqo xa ufumanisa ukuba unomdlavuza microcarcinoma .
> Imithombo:
> Leboulleux, S. et al. "I-papillary thyroid microcarcinoma kunye nokuqwalaselwa okusebenzayo." I-Lancet yesifo sikashukela ne-Endocrinology, uMqulu 4, i-Issue 12, 976-977. Disemba 2016.
> Tuttle, M MD kunye. al. "Imbali Yendalo kunye ne-Tumor Volume Kinetics yee-Papillary Cancer Ngamaxesha okuGadwa kwe-Active." I-JAMA Otolaryngol Intloko ye-Neck Surg. Ishicilelwe ngo-Agasti 31, 2017. http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/article-abstract/2650803