Ukunciphisa Ukuhlupheka Okukudala
Ukunyanzeliswa kokuxhatshazwa yixesha elibhekiselele ekunciphiseni ubude besikhathi umntu osondele ekupheleni kobomi uhlala egula okanye ukhubazekile. Le ngcamango kukunyusa impilo yokuphila kunye nokunciphisa ixesha elichithwe ngaphantsi kwelo xesha (ukutshatyalaliswa ngokoqobo kuthetha "ukungabi nampilo").
Eli thuba liqale liqulunqwe nguprofesa waseYunivesithi yaseStanford uDkt. James Fries ngo-1980.
UDkt Fries uchaze ukuba izifo ezininzi zihlala zingapheli kwaye zenzeka ngasekupheleni kobomi. Ukuba ukuqaliswa kwezi zifo ezingapheliyo kunokulibaziseka, uDkt. Fries uthe, ngoko ixesha elilondoloziweyo lingawunciphisa umthwalo wokugula ngaphezu kobomi bomntu.
Ukuxinwa kokuxhatshazwa ngenxa yokuba sele iinjongo zokuguga nokuphila ixesha elide: izifo ezingenasifo kunye nesifo esingenasifo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukunyanzeliswa kobuthathaka kusebenza njani?
Cinga ngoxinzelelo lobunzima bokubandezeleka okufana nalokhu: ukuba ukuhlala komntu iminyaka yobudala engama-80 kodwa bahlakulele isifo sikashukela kunye nokuhluleka kwentliziyo ye-congestive kwiminyaka engama-60 ubudala, loo mntu uya kuchitha iminyaka engama-20 kunye nezimo ezingapheliyo ezinokuthi zichaphazeleke amandla abo okuphila ngokuzimela kwaye zizonwabele ubomi.
Ukuba esikhundleni salowo mntu ufumana impilo ephilileyo kunye nokulibazisa ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela kunye nokuhluleka kwentliziyo kwintsimbi ukuya kwiminyaka eyi-70, loo mntu uya kuluxininisa ixesha "eligulayo" ixesha elifutshane.
Ngamanye amazwi, sifuna ukunciphisa inani leminyaka umntu achitha ubunzima beentsholongwane ezingapheliyo xa ekhuphuza inani lomntu waloo nyaka.
Kungenzeka ukuba ukuphila ngendlela enempilo kwangaphambili kunokunyusa amathuba okuphila komntu, kwakhona, kodwa uphando lwezokwelapha lubonise ukuba alukwazi ukwandisa ubomi ngaphezu kweminyaka embalwa.
Ngoko ke, imbono ephambili kukunciphisa iinyanga ezibi kunye neminyaka phakathi kokuqala kokugula / ukukhubazeka nokufa.
Ngaba Oku Kungenziwa?
Ewe, kubonakala ngathi inokwenziwa. Enyanisweni, kwenziwa isifundo eStanford ehlolisisa iziganeko zobungozi kunye nokukhubazeka kubantu abadala abangama-418 ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-12. Uphononongo luphelile ukuba abantu abanezinto ezinobungozi (abantu abaphila ngendlela enempilo) bafumana ukuhla kwehla kunabantu abanomngcipheko.
Isiphetho? Ukuxhatshazwa kwexesha elidityanisiweyo kungancitshiswa kwaye kuhlehliswe ngendlela yokuphila enempilo.
Olunye uphando olutshanje lusekela ezi ziphumo kwaye liye laqwalasela indlela yokusebenzisa ingcamango yokuxhatshazwa kwindlela yokwelapha, kunye nokulawula impilo yabantu abaninzi.
Kubantu ngabanye, uDkt. Fries kunye nabalingane bakhe batusa isicwangciso esichaphazela ukuhlala sisebenzayo, ungaze utshaye, kwaye ungalokothi uphelele (okanye ulahlekelwe ubunzima xa ukhuluphele okanye ukhuluphele). Leyo ngcebiso yezempilo oyifunayo.
Abantu kunye noogqirha babo kufuneka baxoxe ngamanyathelo angenelelo lwezonyango onokukunceda ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi nokunciphisa ukukhubazeka; Ezi zinokuquka iinkqubo ezifana ne- hip okanye idolo ekutshintsheni kunye nophando lwe-cataract , oluya kugcina abantu abazimeleyo nabasebenza ixesha elide.
> Imithombo:
> Hubert HB, Bloch DA, Oehlert JW, Fries JF. Imikhwa yokuphila kunye nokunyanzelwa kobuthathaka. J Gerontol I-Biol Sci Med Sci. 2002 Juni; 57 (6): M347-51.
> Fries JF et al. Ukunyanzeliswa koMngcipheko we-1980-2011: Ukuqwalaselwa okujolisiweyo kweeParadigms kunye neNqubekela phambili. Umbhalo woPhando lokuguga. 2011; 2011: 261702.