Inani labantu likhula ngokukhawuleza. I-National Institute of Aging ibonisa ukuba ngo-2050, abantu abayi-1.5 billion baya kuba nama-65 okanye ngaphezulu . Amazwe anenzuzo ephezulu athabatha inani elikhulu labantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, amazwe angaphantsi kwexesha aphethwe ngabantu abalupheleyo kakhulu, okwenza kube ngumngeni wehlabathi. Indlela yokuguga ibuye ishintshe ngokuphawulekayo umlinganiselo wabantu abadala kumntu oneminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
Oku kubalulekile kuba abo baseburhulumenteni abanonophelo baneminyaka engama-65.
Ukuqwalasela oku kuqikelelwa, kunengqiqo ukuba ezinye iinkalo zokunyamekela zingadinga ukugqithiselwa kwiirobhothi ukunciphisa ubunqongophala babantu abanonophelo kunye nokubonelela ubomi obukhuselekileyo kunye nobungcono kubantu abadala.
Iimfuno zeemarike zokudala iirobhothi eziza kunakekela abantwana boomers njengoko zihlala phantsi, kwaye ezinye zivele zithengiswa.
Ukusukela kwi 'Smart Home' ukuya kuMncedisi
Ukuphuhliswa kwezenzi kunye nezixhobo ezinokubeka iliso umntu, ukulandelela impilo kunye nomsebenzi, kunye nomqondiso ukuba kukho ingozi enokuthi sele iqwalaselwa kwangaphambili kwiminyaka eyi-90. Umtshini wendlela yokulala, umzekelo, unokubona ukuba umntu uphume embhedeni ngobusuku kodwa akazange abuyele ngaphakathi, esenza isidingo ukuba ahlole ukuba yonke into ilungile.
Isizathu 'sekhaya elihlakaniphile'-inkqubo engenazintambo zezixhobo zendalo-nkcukacha ezinika ulwazi malunga nokunyuka komntu kwaye zidibanisa izixhobo zasemakhaya kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza-ingqiqo esekelwe ngoku ngoku "kwi-intanethi yezinto." Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwexesha elidlulileyo iminyaka emibini, iteknoloji yokuncedisa ibe yinkimbinkimbi kwaye ilula.
Ngokomzekelo, khawucinge ngeekhompyutheni zenkqubo yokudlala iikhompyutheni ezinokuthi zihlolwe kude, ukudibanisa izinto zendlu ehlakaniphile kunye nezinto ezinobuntu zokunyamekela ezibandakanya iinzwa zokulandelela i-biometric.
Iprojekthi yeGiraffPlus yayisisicwangciso esilixhaswa ngemali se-EU esaphonononga ukusetyenziswa kolu hlobo lwama-robotics nabantu abadala.
Kukholelwa ukuba uye waba nempembelelo ekuphuhlisweni kwexesha lehlabathi kwinkqubo yolondolozo loluntu eYurophu. I-robot yefayili ye-telepresence iyatholakala ngokuthengwa. I-robot inokudibaniswa kunye neenzwa ezibekwe ngaphaya kwekhaya, zixelisa ubukho bomntu.
'Ukutya kwiivili, ngokweZibhalo
I-robotics yaseKorea yenkampani ye Yujin ivelise i-robot ebizwa ngokuba yiGoCart ejoliswe ekunikezeni ukutya kwiindawo zokunyamekela ezindala kunye nezibhedlele.
I Yujin ikholelwa ekugqibeleni iiporothi zayo ziyakwazi ukuthatha ixesha ngexesha lokutya kunye nabanakekeli bakhululekile eminye imisebenzi ebalulekileyo. I-GoCart iyakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokubuyisela kunye nokubuyisela, ukubeka iliso kwihlabathi elikujikelezile kunye neenkqubo zalo zengingqi kunye nebalazwe (SLAM) kunye nokuthetha nezinye iGoCarts. Isebenza ngokulula kwaye inika izigulane ezinkulu ukulawula indawo yazo. Ngokomzekelo, umntu angenza umyalelo wokunyusela ukutya nge-smartphone yakhe kwaye awanikezele. I-GoCart ingafuna umnxeba kwaye ihambe phakathi komhlaba. I-Yujin icebisa ukuba ii-robot ziza kuhlawuleka, zigcine ixesha kunye nemali kunye nokuba yindlela enokubakho kwiindawo ezininzi zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ngo-Matshi 2017, le nkampani yamemezela ukuba iya kuqalisa ngemiboniso ye-2.2 inguqu yebhobhothi yayo, enokuthi ithwale izinto ezinkulu, ezifana neelinen okanye i-bags bags.
Ukuba lovavanyo lokuqala luphumelele, ukuveliswa kwemveliso yorhwebo kulungiselelwe ukuphela konyaka.
Iibhobho ezinentliziyo
Kwixesha elizayo elizayo, iirobhothi ayiyi kuboleka kuphela isandla sokwenza umatshini. Ukwandisa, ziye zacwangciswa ukuba zikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabantu zengqondo kwaye zisebenze njengabangane.
EJapan, eyaziwayo ngokuguga kwayo kunye nobuchwepheshe be-robhotics obuphambili, ishintsho esithile senziwe ukudala ii-robots zokunxibelelana nabantu abadala abakhubazeke ngengqondo njengengqondo. Ezi iirobhothi zinokunceda abantu ngemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, ukunyanzeliswa kwamachiza kunye nokucwangcisa, kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi olunentsingiselo.
I-PARO (i-Daiwa House Industry), i-Pepper (SoftBank) kunye ne-PARLO (i-Fujisoft) ngamanye ama-robot amaninzi edumileyo aseJapan.
I-PARO, i-robot ene-furry-seal-like-like-like-like-owner, kwaye ivelise iimvakalelo ezinjengabantu, isetyenziswe njengethuluzi lokuthintela abantu abane-autism kunye nengqondo. Uphononongo olwenziwa nguMerel M. Jung kunye noogxa lakhe kwiYunivesithi yaseTentente, eNetherlands, lubonise ukuba i-PARO inefuthe elihle kwizigulane ezineengqondo zokugula. Ababoneleli benkonzo abasebenzisa i-robot efana nesilwanyana babone indlela yokuvuselela unxibelelwano kunye nokuphazamisa iimpawu ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, kwaqatshelwa kwakhona ukuba iirobhothi zentlanzi ngezinye izihlandlo zingaphaya ngokugqithiseleyo abasebenzisi bazo kwaye zazingafanelekanga iqela elibanzi labantu abadala, umzekelo, abantu abaphilileyo baphila ngokuzimela.
Ngo-2015, i-SoftBank iqalise ukuthengiswa kwePepper-i-robot yokuqala yehlabathi efunda iimvakalelo kwaye ivelise ngokwayo ngokubhekiselele kubuso bombuso, amagama kunye neendawo ezikuzo. Umzekelo, uPepper uyonwabile xa efumana indumiso, kwaye iimvakalelo zakhe zibonakala zibonakala ngokubonakalisa intliziyo eguquka imibala eyahlukeneyo ngokusekelwe kwimoya yayo.
Ngaba Ufuna I Robot Kukujonga?
IiRobot zanda ngakumbi zixhamla. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo uhleli malunga nokuba iirobhothi zinokuthi zithathele abantu abanonophelo. Kwaye, ngaba ufuna ukuba umntu ongeyena umntu akukhathalele? Izichaso ezahlukeneyo zinyuswe, umzekelo, iirobhothi zinokunyusa iimvakalelo zenkcaso, ukulahlekelwa yinkcazo kunye nokukhululeka kwabantu, kunye nokwandisa abantu abadala. Uhlolo olusisiseko olupapashwe kwi- Journal ye-American Medical Directors Association lucetyise ukuba kusekho ukungabikho kobungqina obuxhasa ukuphumelela kwamarobhothi kwimpilo. Kwakhona, izimvo phakathi kwabadala zibonakala zihlukene, kwaye izilindelo kunye nezimo zengqondo kwi-robotics aziqondi kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unqongophala osebenzayo kwiinkampani zonyango uyaqhubeka, sinokubonga ngokukhawuleza nokwamkela abancedisayo ukuba bakhulise ukunakekelwa kwethu.
> Imithombo
> Bemelmans R, Gelderblom GJ, uJonker P. IiRobhothi zokuNcedisa uLuntu ngokuKhathalela asebekhulile: UkuHlola ngokuHlanganisiweyo kwimiphumo kunye nokuphumelela. Umbhalo we-American Medical Directors Association , 2012; 13 (2): 114-120.
> Broadbent E, Stafford R, Macdonald B. Ukwamkelwa kweeRobhothi zezempilo kwi-Older Population: Izikhokelo zokuHlola kunye neKamva. I-International Journal ye-Social Robotics , 2009; 1: 319.
> Jung M, Van der Leij L, Kelders SM. Ukuhlolisiswa kweeNzuzo zeMbolelane yeRobot yezilwanyana kunye neZakhono eziPhambili zokuThuthukisa ukuThuthukiswa koLondolozo lweMfuno yoLuntu. Imida ye-ICT , 2017
> Sharkey A, Sharkey N. Granny kunye neerobhothi. Imiba yokuziphatha kwi-robot ukunakekelwa kwabadala. I-Ethics and Information Technology, 2012; 14 (1): 27-40.