Abantu abaninzi banamathele, ahlaziyiweyo kunye nezikhonkwane kwaye malunga neepesenti ezingama-50 zalezi zipikili ezingavamile zibangelwa ukusulelwa kwefayilini yebheyili, i-matrix okanye i-nail plate. Umzimba owenzelayo ojongene nezifo ezininzi ze-nail yi- Trichophyton rubr u m . Amagqabantshintshi alolu hlobo lweentsholongwane zentsholongwane yi-onychomycosis okanye i-tinea unguium.
Oko Kubukeka Kwenzeka
Kukho iintlobo ezine ezahlukeneyo ze-onychomycosis kwaye zihlelwa yinxalenye yesikhonkwane esibandakanyekayo. Intsholongwane echaphazelekayo iquka ukuphela kwesilumko-xa isikhunta sihlasela i- hyponychium .
Ekuqaleni, iplantshi yesilumko idibanisa embhedeni wesikhonkwane, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-onychomycosis. Emva koko, isiphelo sesipuphu sitshintsha i-yellow yile okanye imhlophe kunye ne-keratin inkunkuma ikhula phantsi kwepiki, kubangela ukuhlukana okuqhubekayo. I-fungus ikhula ngoko kwesikhonkwane esibangela ukuba ibe yintlupheko kwaye iquke.
Izinto zobungozi
Ezi zilandelayo ziimeko ezikhuthaza ukusuleleka kwefungal okanye ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweefungi.
- Izicathulo zikhuthaza ukunyuka kwezinzwane, ukugcina iizwane zifudumala kwaye zimanzi-indawo epheleleyo yokukhukhuza isikhunta.
- Ukuzivocavoca kunokubangela ukuxakeka okufutshane ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-hyponychium, ukuvumela i-fungi ukuba ihlasele.
- Amanzi amaninzi angabonakalisa iinyawo kwiifungi.
- Izifo ezichaphazela i-immune system njengengculazi kunye nesifo sikashukela kunokukwenza kube lula ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ukuqala.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Onychomycosis
Akusiyo yonke into edibeneyo, engabonakaliyo isifo sofayo. Ezinye izifo ezinokubangela izipikili ezinqambileyo i-psoriasis, i-eczema, kunye nesicwangciso seqhinga . Kubalulekile ukuba izifo zentambo ye-fungal zifunyanwe kakuhle kuba unyango lude kwaye lubiza.
Izifo zentsholongwane zentambo zifunyaniswa ngokuthatha isampuli yee-debris phantsi kwepiki.
Izixhobo ezininzi zifakwe phantsi kwepiki kwaye zisondele kunxweme, ngoko ikhonkwane kufuneka ihlanjwe phambi kokuba isampuli ithathwe.
Kukho iimvavanyo ezimbini ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ukusuleleka kwe-nail fungal:
Uvavanyo lwe-KOH lunenzuzo yokuba lungenziwa ngokukhawuleza. Isiko lesifungo sithatha iiveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine ukuba sibuye kodwa siyakwazi ukuchonga imfuyo eyiyo, ukuba kukho nawuphi na umbuzo.
Iintlobo ezintathu zonyango
Unyango lwe-onychomycosis lubiza kwaye lude. Kudinga ukuzibophezela kwisigulane ukuthatha iyeza ezinyangeni eziliqela.
Ngelishwa, ukulungiselela amacandelo (imithi oyisebenzisayo kwindawo yesilumko) ayiphumeli ngokufanelekileyo izifo zesilonda. I-FDA ivume i-lacquer ye-nail ebizwa ngokuba yi-ciclopirox (i-Penlac) yezifo zentambo ye-fungal, kodwa ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Kungaba ukhetho, nangona kunjalo, kubantu abangakwazi ukuthatha imithi yomlomo (iipilisi ozithatha ngomlomo).
Kukho imithi emithathu ephumelelayo yomlomo-i-FDA-evunywe yi-FDA-ye-fungal-infections kunye ne-FDA-evunyelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwizifo zentambo.
Zonke iziyeza zineemiphumo ezibalulekileyo kwaye zidibanisa namachiza amaninzi.
Nabani na othabatha amachiza antifungal ngomlomo kufuneka abe neemvavanyo zesebhendi zexesha elizeleyo ezenzelwe ukubeka esweni isilonda kunye nomsebenzi weseli wegazi. Amachiza omlomo antifungal ahlanganiswe kwiisilisi-ngoko ke, aqhubeka esebenza nangona emva kokuba unyango luyekile. Akukho nanye kwi-antifungals yomlomo inokuthathwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- I-Terbinafine (i-Lamisil) i-FDA-avunyelwe ukunyanga izifo zentambo ye-fungal kwaye i-70 ukuya kwe-90 iphumelela xa isetyenziswe njengoko imiselwe. U-Terbinafine usebenzisana namanye amachiza ambalwa, ngokukodwa i-caffeine kunye ne-cimetidine. Umyinge osetyenziswayo yi-250 milligrams emva kweentsuku ezintandathu ngenxa yokusuleleka kwintonga kunye neveki ezili-12 zokufaka izifo.
- I-Itraconazole (i-Sporanox) nayo ivunyiwe yi-FDA ukuphatha i-onychomycosis kwaye i-70 ukuya kwi-80 ekhulwini iphumelele. I-Itraconazole idibanisa kunye neyeza ezininzi kwaye kufuneka ithathwe ngokutya. I-Itraconazole inokuthathwa imihla ngemihla okanye njengonyango lwe-pulse. Umthamo wemihla ngemihla eyi-200 milligrams emva kweentsuku ezintandathu ukwenzela ukusuleleka kwezifo kunye neiveki ezili-12 zokufaka izifo. I-pulse dosing i-200 milligrams kabini ngosuku ngeveki enye ngenyanga, iphindaphindiwe kwiinyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu.
- I-Fluconazole (iDiflucan) ayiyi-FDA-avunyelwe ukunyanga izifo zentambo ye-fungal kodwa iyimithi ephumelelayo yomlomo. Inzuzo ye-fluconazole kukuba ihlala emzimbeni ixesha elide kwaye kufuneka ithathwe kuphela ngeveki. Uphando lokuqala lubonisa ukuba i-fluconazole iphumelele kuma-72 ukuya kuma-89 ekhulwini. Umyinge osetyenziswayo ngowama-milligram ama-450 kanye ngeveki kwiinyanga ezine ukuya kweyisithoba.
ILizwi
Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unentsholongwane ye-nail fungal, awuyedwa. Enyanisweni, i-onychomycosis ithinta ama-10 ekhulwini labantu bonke. Amadoda akwazi ukuwafumana kunabesifazana, kwaye amathuba okuphuhlisa ukwanda komntu oneminyaka yobudala. Oko kuthethwa, qiniseka ukuba ufumene ukuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo, mhlawumbi ngumboneleli wakho oyintloko okanye ngedermatologist (ugqirha ogxile ekuphatheni ulusu kunye nezipikili).
> Imithombo:
> Thomas J, Jacobson GA, Narkowicz CK, Peterson GM, Burnet H, Sharpe C. Toenail onychomycosis: umthwalo obalulekileyo wehlabathi wesifo. J Clin Pharm Ther . 2010 Oct; 35 (5): 497-519.
> Westerberg DP, Voyack MJ. I-Onychomycosis: Iimpawu ezikhoyo kwi-Diagnosis and Treatment. I-Phys Physician . 2013 Dec 1; 88 (11): 762-70.