Yiyiphi i-EMT efuna ukuyiqonda malunga nemigudu
Inkqubo yenzwa yinkqubo yesigqeba esenza uxhulumaniso kumzimba. Kukho iintlobo ezine zeeseliti zesistim kwinkqubo yeentlanzi: iintsholongwane zengqondo, izithuthuthu, izithintelo zokuzimela kunye ne-inter-neurons (i- neuron nje ligama eliqingqiweyo lentsholongwane yesisindo). Ungakwazi ukwahlula onke amaninzi emzimbeni kwiindawo ezimbini: inkqubo yesistim ephakathi kunye nenkqubo yesifo senzwa .
I-System yeNervous System (CNS)
Inkqubo yesiseko yomnatha iqukethe izitho ezimbini: ingqondo kunye nomtya womthambo. Inayo yonke iindidi ezine zeeseli zesigulane kwaye yindawo kuphela onokufumana i-inter-neurons. Inkqubo yesiseko yomnyoba ikhutshwe kwilizwe elingaphandle kakuhle kakhulu. Akunakuchukumisi igazi. Ifumana izondlo zayo kwi-cerebrospinal fluid, i-liquid ecacileyo ehlamba ubuchopho kunye nentambo yomthambo.
Zomzimba zombini zihlanganiswe ngamathathu eembumba ezibizwa ngokuba ngama- meninges . Ama-mening kunye ne-cerebrospinal fluid cushion ubuchopho ukuwukhusela ekumenzakaleni ngongqongqo kwi-noggin. Kunokwenzeka ukuba usuleleke kwiintsholongwane okanye kwiibhaktheriya kwimingeni ebizwa ngokuthi i- meningitis . Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uphalaze phakathi kwama-mening kunye negazi (elibizwa ngokuba yi- epidural hematoma ) okanye phakathi kweendlela zamadoda (okubizwa ngokuba yi- hematoma engaphantsi ). Naluphina ukuphuma okanye ukusuleleka ngaphakathi kwendoda yesigxina kunokufaka uxinzelelo kwingqondo kwaye kubangele ukungasebenzi.
Inkqubo yesiseko yomnyo ifana nemigca yekhompyutha yakho (mhlawumbi ikhompyutha oyisebenzisayo ukuyifunda le nto). Kulapho kunye nezigidi zonxibelelwano ezihambisa iimpembelelo ezincinane ezijikelezayo ukusuka kwisiphaluka ukuya kwesekethe (isisindo somnyo), ukubala nokucinga. Ingqondo yakho yenza zonke izibalo nokugcina ulwazi.
Intambo yakho yomgudu ifana nekhebula elinamaqela amaninzi asebenzayo kuzo zonke iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho.
Kodwa ikhomputha yengqondo ngaphakathi kwekhompyutheni yakho, njengobuchopho ngaphakathi kwentloko yakho, ayinalutho konke ngokwayo. Kufuneka ukwazi ukuxelela ikhompyutha yakho into oyifunayo kwaye uyibone okanye uyive oko ikhompyutha yakho izama ukukuxelela. Ufuna uhlobo oluthile lwezixhobo zokufakelwa kunye neziphumo. Ikhomputha yakho isebenzisa imouse, isikrini sokuthintela okanye ikhibhodi ukuqonda oko ufuna ukuba kwenziwe. Isebenzisa isikrini kunye nezithethi ukuba zisabele.
Umzimba wakho usebenza ngokufanayo. Unamalungu enzondo ukuthumela ulwazi kwingqondo: amehlo, indlebe, impumlo, ulwimi nolusu. Ukusabela, unemisipha eyenza uhambe, uthetha, ugxininise, wink, unamathele ulwimi lwakho - nantoni na. Izixhobo zakho zokufakelwa / iziphumo ziyinxalenye yesistim sakho senzondo.
Inkqubo yeNeripheral yeNervous (PNS)
Inkqubo ye-nervous system iyinto yonke exhunywe kwinkqubo ye-nervous central. It has motor nerve, nerve sensory and neon autonomic nerves. Iimbonti ze-Autonomic zenza ngokuzenzekelayo, yindlela yokuzikhumbula. Ziyimiqobo elawula imizimba yethu. Ziyinguqu yomzimba ye-thermostat, iwashi kunye ne-alamu yomsi. Basebenza kwimvelaphi ukuze basigcine kwindlela kunye nempilo, kodwa bengathathi amandla obuchopho okanye kufuneka balawulwe.
Iimvumi ze-Autonomic ziyahlukana ngokwahlukileyo ukuba zibe novelwano okanye izibilini ze-parasympathetic.
- Iimbulunga zentlungu ziba nethuba lokunyanzela. Bandisa ukwanda kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla kunye negazi. Ezi zinzwa zijongene neMpendulo yeMfazwe okanye yokuPhupha.
- Iimbulunga ze- parasympathetic zikhuthaza ukuphuma kwegazi ukuya emanzini. Banciphisa intliziyo kwaye banciphise uxinzelelo lwegazi.
Cinga ngeentsholongwane zengqondo njengoko isantya somzimba kunye neentsholongwane ze-parasympathetic njenge-pedake pedal. Umzimba wakho usoloko uvuselela ihlangothi ezixhasayo kunye necala lovelwano ngexesha elifanayo - njengokuba ugogo wayehlala eqhuba, ngeenyawo kwi-pedal ngayinye.
Iinqwelo zomqhubi ziqala ukusuka kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi kwaye ziphuma zifikelela ekufikeleleni komzimba. Babizwa ngokuba yimisipha ngenxa yokuba ihlala iphela kwiimisipha. Ukuba ucinga ngako, ukuphela komqondiso wengqondo yakho yokuthumela kwilizwe langaphandle kubandakanya ukwenza izinto zihambe. Ukuhamba, ukuthetha, ukulwa, ukuqhuba okanye ukucula konke ukuthatha izihlunu.
Iimvumi ezinomdla ziya kwelinye icala. Bathwala iimpawu ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya kwinkqubo yesantya ephakathi. Bahlala beqala kwisiganeko: amehlo, indlebe, impumlo, ulwimi okanye isikhumba. Elinye lala malungu linolunye uhlobo lweentsholongwane zengqondo - umzekelo, ulusu luyakwazi ukuxinezeleka, ubushushu kunye nentlungu.
ILizwi Ngomlanjeni Wendlala
Intambo yomthambo ubuxhakaxhaka phakathi kwenkqubo ye-nervous central ne-peripheral. Inxalenye ye-CNS, kodwa yindlela ininzi yemoto kunye neentsholongwane zengqondo ezifikelela kwingqondo. Ngaphakathi kwintambo yomthambo unamanye alawo ma-interurne achazwe ngasentla. Kwingqondo, i-inter-neurons ifana nokutshintshana kwezinto ezincinci kwikhompyutheni yekhompyuter, kunceda ukwenza izibalo kunye nokucinga okulukhuni.
Kwintambo yomthambo, i-inter-neurons inomsebenzi ohlukileyo. Apha asebenza njengesiphaluka esifutshane, asivumela ukuba sisabele kwezinye izinto ngokukhawuleza kunokuba sinokuthi i-signal ifanele ukuhamba yonke indlela eya kwingqondo nasemva. I-inter-neurons entanjeni yomgudu ijongene neengcamango-isizathu sokuba uphendule xa uthintela epenini elitshisayo ngaphambi kokuba uqonde ukuba kwenzekani.
Ukuthumela iimpawu
Amagundane athatha imiyalezo ngeempawu ezibizwa ngokuba yimpembelelo. Njengekhompyutha umqondiso unobunono, mhlawumbi uvumelekile okanye ukhuphe. Iselfowuni esisodwa sinako ukuthumela uphawu olubuthathaka okanye uphawu oluqinileyo. Ingashintsha imvama - iimpembelelo ezilishumi kwisibini, umzekelo, okanye amathathu - kodwa impembelelo nganye iyafana.
Imiphumo ihamba ngesantya ngendlela efana nenkontileka yeeseli zesisu, ngokusebenzisa i-chemistry. Iisensi zegazi ezisetyenzisiweyo zisebenzisa iimaminerali ezibonisiweyo (iisaliti ezifana ne-calcium, i-potassium kunye ne-sodium) ukuqhubela phambili. Andiyi kungena kakhulu kwi-physiology, kodwa umzimba udinga ukulinganisela okufanelekileyo kwezi zintathu zezimbiwa ngenkqubo yokusebenza ngokuchanekileyo. Uninzi okanye uncinci kunoma yintoni na kwaye akukho misipha okanye iimbilini eziza kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Amaseli omnxeba angaba maxesha amade, kodwa kusathatha amanani amaninzi ukuba afinyelele ukusuka kwintonga yomnwe kwintambo yomthambo. Iiseli azithinti. Esikhundleni saloo nto, umtsalane uyathunyelwa ngokusesikweni (usasazwa) ukusuka kwelinye selensi yesinye ukuya kwesilandelayo usebenzisa izinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi- neurotransmitters .
Ukongeza i-neurotransmitter ukuya kwigazi kungabangela ukuba amaninzi athumele iimpawu. Ngokomzekelo, ezininzi iinzulane zentlungu ezikhankanywe ngasentla (i- Fight or Flight cells) zisabela kwi-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuba yi-adrenaline, ekhishwa kwigazi ukusuka kwiingqungquthela ze-adrenal xa sinoyiki, sigxininise okanye siyike.
Ukuba unengqiqo ecacileyo yendlela inkqubo yeentlanzi esebenza ngayo, yincinci encinane ukuqonda ukuba kutheni izinto ezithile okanye amayeza asithintela ngendlela abayenzayo. Kwakhona kulula ukuqonda ukuba izibetho okanye iingxaki zichaphazela njani ubuchopho.
Umzimba luqokelela oluqokelelweyo lweekhemikhali rhoqo. Inkqubo yeentlanzi iyona nto isisiseko sezo zinto. Esi sisiseko sokuqonda i-physiology ngokubanzi.