Naluphina utyando luya kuzisa inani elithile lokwesaba nokuxhalabisa. Utyando lwe- Ileostomy aluhlukanga xa kuvela ekubangela ukungaqiniseki, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi i-ileostomy yindlela yokuphucula impilo enganyusa izinga lomntu.
Ukugqithisa ngokubanzi, ukuhlinzwa kwe-uleostomy xa zonke okanye inxalenye yekoloni (isisu esikhulu) sisusiwe kwaye inxalenye yesisu esincinci iphuma ngodongeni lwesisu, ukuze loo nto ifakwe kwi-anus.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwiifom ezahlukeneyo ze-leostomy, ezichazwe ngezantsi. I-ileostomy inokwenziwa ngezizathu ezininzi, kubandakanya isifo sikaCrohn, i-ulcerative colitis, i -polyposis yomndeni , okanye umhlaza wekoloni . Kwezinye iimeko, i-ileostomy inokuguqulwa ngexesha lotyando olulandelayo.
Yintoni i-Ostomy?
I-ostomy xa utyando lusetyenziselwa ukudala ukuvula kwilungu ukuya ngaphandle komzimba. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba unike enye indlela yokuba umzimba ulahle izinto ezilahlekileyo (umchamo kunye nesitulo ). Oku kubandakanya i- colostomy , ileostomy, kunye ne-urostomy. Ngamanye amaxesha, i-ileostomy inokuthi iphinde ihanjiswe njengento encinci yokuhamba.
Ngethuba lokuhlinzwa, i-intestine enkulu isuswe. Kwezinye iimeko, i- rectum (inxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu amakhulu) kunye ne- anus ishiywe ngaphakathi emzimbeni, kodwa kwezinye iimeko inokuthi isuswe.
Ngekholoni (kwaye mhlawumbi i-anus kunye / okanye i-rectum) ihambe, enye indlela kufuneka icetywe kwisitishi ukuba iphume emzimbeni. Kwi-ileostomy, inxalenye yesikhumba esincinci (i-ileum) siziswa ngodonga lwesisu kuya ngaphandle komzimba.
Kwezinye iimeko, i-ileostomy ingenziwa kunye nonke okanye inxalenye yekoloni ishiyiwe.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kuya kuba sisizathu sisesigxina, njengomonakalo okanye izifo kwi-colon.
Ukuze udibanise i-ileum ngaphandle komzimba, kuvulwe ukuvulwa kwidonga lomzimba. Icandelo elincinane leleamu eliziswa ngokuvulwa kwisisu esisetyenziswayo libizwa ngokuba yi-stoma (igama lesiGrike elithi "umlomo"). I-stoma ifakwe kwindonga yesisu kwaye apho isitulo iyakushiya umzimba.
Iintlobo
Zonke i-uleostomi azidalwa ngokulinganayo; kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeloostomi ezisetyenziselwa unyango lwezifo ezithile okanye iimeko.
Standard okanye Brooke Ileostomy. Olu luhlobo lwe-uleostomy edlalwa rhoqo, ngokukodwa kwiziganeko zezilonda zesilonda, isifo sikaCrohn, i-polyposis yomndeni kunye nomhlaza. Kwakuqala kuthiwa ngu-odokotela waseNgilandi, uBryan Nicholas Brooke, oye wavelisa iindlela ezithile ezisetyenziselwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-leostomy namhlanje. Kwi-Brooke ileostomy, i-stoma yenziwa ngokuguqula ingxenye ye-ileum emva kwayo, efana nokutsalathisa i-cuff ye-sweater, nokuyixubha esiswini. Inkunkuma iqhelekileyo yoluhlobo oluthile okanye olunamathele kwaye luqokelelwe kwisixhobo se-ostomy esixhomekeke kwisisu esiswini.
Le yodwa uhlobo lwe-ilestomy eyenziwa kwizigulane zesifo sikaCrohn.
Ileostomy yelizwekazi. I-neostomy yelizwekazi inemibono eyahlukileyo esuka kwi-Brooke ileostomy, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba izigulane ezinelizwekazi ze-ileostomy azigqoki i-ostomy. Esikhundleni saloo ndawo, i-reservoir kunye ne-valve idalwa kwi-ileum. Le valve ingaphakathi kwodonga lwesisu (esikhundleni se-stoma, engaphandle). Ukucima inkunkuma, ityhubhu encinci - i-catheter - ifakwe kwisisu ukuze ikhuphe inkunkuma. Ikhefu igqitywe kwivavve kude kube yithuba lokukhupha umthombo. I-continental ileostomy ingenziwa kwiimeko zokulonda i-ulcerative colitis, i-polyposis yomndeni kunye nomhlaza.
Utyando lwepelvic (j-pouch) . Kubandakanywa apha ngenxa yokuba i-ileostomy yinyathelo elilodwa lwenkqubo, kodwa xa igqityiwe, lo msebenzi awuyi kufuna into yangaphandle okanye i-catheter ukubamba okanye ukususa inkunkuma. Kulo hlobo lotyando, i-reservoir yenziwe kwileum terminal. Ngokuqhelekileyo eli gumbi lenziwe ngokwakheka "j", kodwa linokwenziwa kwimeko ye "s" okanye "w." Icandelo okanye yonke i-rectum kunye ne-anus zigcinwe kulolu hlobo lotyando. Utyando lwepelvic usebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo kumanqanaba amabini okanye amathathu, kunye ne-Brooke ileostomy ibe yinyathelo lokuqala. I-ileostomy emva koko iguqulwa, kwaye igumbi langaphakathi linamathele kwi-rectum okanye i-anus, kwaye isitulo sinokuphuma emzimbeni ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa komsebenzi wangaphandle.
Ukunyamekela i-Ostomy
Nge-stoma endaweni, i-ostomy isebenzayo iyakufuneka ukuba iqoke isitulo njengoko ishiya umzimba ngokusebenzisa i-stoma. Umongikazi we- enterostomal (ET) ngumncedisi wezempilo owanceda izigulane ze-ostomy zinyamekela i-stoma yazo. Izigulane nge-ileostomy entsha ziya kufundiswa malunga nendlela yokutshintsha i-ostomy device . I-flange ye-ostomy isebenzi kufuneka ilandelwe ngokufanelekileyo isisu ukuze ikhusele ulusu malunga ne-stoma ukuba idibene ne-stool. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuqhagamshelana rhoqo kunye nesitulo kunokubangela ukuba ulusu lujikeleze i-stoma (isikhumba sangasese) ukuba sonakaliswe okanye siphule.
Kukho i-assortment ye-ostomy zixhobo ezifumanekayo kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo ze-ostomy. Zivela kwiipokotshi ezivulekileyo ezingasetyenziselwa imihla ngemihla, kwiibhoksi ezincinci, ezisetyenzisiweyo zodwa ezingasetyenziselwa isithuba esikhethekileyo okanye ukubhukuda. Ezinye izigulana zinokuzama iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zeefowuni ngaphambi kokuba zilungiselele ezisebenza kakuhle.
Yintoni enokuyilindela kwi-Ileostomy Surgery
Ukufumana i-ileostomy kukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwaye ukuhlala esibhedlele kuya kubakho ukusuka kwiintsuku eziliqela ukuya kwiveki. Ixesha lokubuyisela lingaba liveki ezintandathu, kuxhomekeke kwimibandela eyahlukileyo eyahlukeneyo kubandakanya uhlobo lotyando lwe-uleostomy kunye nempilo yakho ngaphambi kokungeniswa.
Ukudibana kunye neN ET
Kwiintsuku phambi kokuhlinzwa, wena kunye neqela lakho lononophelo lwempilo liza kunyamekela imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ehambelana nokufika kwakho esibhedlele ukuhlinzwa. Uya kudibana ne-ET nurse, oza kuxubusha ngezihloko ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo nawe. Isihloko sokuqala siya kuba indawo ye stoma yakho. Oku kubalulekile ekuqwalaselweni kwe-ostomy, kwaye kudinga ukuqonda wonke umntu kwiqela lezempilo. Umnesi wakho kunye no-Nesiya uya kuthatha indlela yakho yokuphila, iimpahla zokugqoka, indlela ogqoka ngayo iimpahla zakho, kunye neenketho zakho ekuqwalaseleni ukubekwa kwe-stoma.
Emva koko uza kuthetha malunga nendlela oza kunyamekela ngayo i-ileostomy yakho emva kokuhlinzwa. Kwi-ileostomy eqhelekileyo, uya kufumana iingcomo kwiintlobo zeefowuni ze-ostomy ezinokusebenza kakuhle kuwe. Umnesi wakho kunye noNonesi unokukunika isampuli kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye nolwazi malunga nalapho ufuna khona xa kufuneka. Kwilizwekazi le-ostomy, uya kuthetha malunga nendlela yokukhupha inkunkuma, kunye nendlela efuneka ngayo, kunye nendlela yokunyamekela i-valve.
Isibhedlele Sakho kunye Nomdlali Wakho
Unokulindela ukuba uvavanywe ngaphambi kokuvunyelwa ukuhlinzwa. Iimvavanyo ezimbalwa ezinokuthi zenziwe ziquka iimvavanyo zegazi kunye nesifuba se-x ray. Ugqirha wakho ogqithisileyo kunye / okanye i- gastroenterologist yakho iya kudlula iyeza zakho zangoku kunye nokugqiba ukuba ngaba kukho naziphi utshintsho ezifunekayo phambi kokuhlinzwa.
Uyakufumana kwakhona kwi-surgeon yakho ukuba uza kulungisa njani ikholoni yakho yokuhlinzwa. Kuya kufuneka ukuba ulungiselele ngokungathi uya kuba ne-colonoscopy. I- prep inokwenziwa ngenye yezindlela ezahlukeneyo, kodwa injongo kukucima ikholoni yakho yonke indawo. Unokuphinda unikezwe namanye amayeza ukuba uthathe iintsuku phambi kokuhlinzwa, njengamayeza okulwa namagciwane.
Utyando
Usuku lotyando uza kuvunywa esibhedlele uze uqale nge-IV fluids. Utyando lwakho luzakuhlala iiyure eziliqela. Xa uvuka ekuphumeni, uya kufumana ukuba une stoma okanye i-valve kwisisu sakho, kunye nombane phezu kwayo. Unokuba ne-drain yogurt kunye ne- naogastric (NG) . Kukho ezinye izixhobo zonyango eziza kukunceda ekulawuleni ubuhlungu kunye nokuphulukana, njenge-morphine drip okanye i-compression compression cuffs kwimilenze yakho.
Isibhedlele Hlala
Udokotela wakho ugqirha uya kubeka esweni iimeko zakho ngelixa uhlala esibhedlele. Ngaphambi kokuba ukwazi ukutya okanye ukusela, iqela lakho lezonyango liya kuphulaphula isisu sakho sesandi. Ukuba ubuya kulindeleke, ungaphumelela kwisidlo sokutya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kwaye ke unikwe ukutya okunzulu ngokukhawuleza, kwizigaba. Abahlengikazi bakho baya kukwenza ukuba baphume ebhedeni baze bahambe ngokukhawuleza, kuba ukuhamba kubalulekile ukufumana umzimba wakho endleleni ukuze uhlaziywe.
Ukubuyisela kwakho ekhaya
Xa usukhululiwe esibhedlele, uya kuqhubeka nokubuyisela kwakho ekhaya. Unokufumana utyelelo okanye amabini kumanesi ovakatyelayo okanye umvolontiya wesibhedlele kwiintsuku emva kokuphuma kwakho. Uya kuba nokuqeshwa okucwangcisiweyo kunye nodokotela wakho ogqirha ukuze indawo yakho yokucoca kunye nokubuyiswa kwakho kuhlolwe. Unokuba noqeshwe kunye nomhlengikazi wakho we-ET, mhlawumbi esibhedlele okanye ekhaya, ukukunceda ngenguqu yakho yokuqala ye-ostomy.
Ukubuyela kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo kuya kuthatha iiveki ezimbalwa, kwaye ugqirha wakho kufuneka akunike ukukhutshwa ngezikhathi eziqhelekileyo ukuphinda uqalise imisebenzi efana nemisebenzi yasendlini, umzimba, isondo, nokubuyela emsebenzini. Ukutya kwakho kunokuthi kungabikho kwiiveki zokuqala ekhaya, mhlawumbi kunye nokutya okuphelelweyo kwefayibrari okanye ezinye izicwangciso zokutya njengoko kuchaziwe ngugqirha wakho.
Ukuba i-uleostomy yakho yesikhashana kwaye iza kuguqulwa, uya kuxubusha ukucwangcisa uphando lwesibini kunye neqela lakho lezonyango.
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. "Ileostomy." Cancer.org 17 uMatshi 2011. 31 uJuni 2016.
I-NHS Iinqununu. "Ileostomy." Inkonzo yezeMpilo kaZwelonke 3 Septemba 2012. 31 uJuni 2016.
United Ostomy Associations of America, Inc. "I-Ileostomy Guide". Ostomy.org 2011. 31 Jan 2016.