Ukubanjwa kwamaBrown ku-Brown
I-spider ye-spider ehamba phambili iyaziwa ngokuba nexuma elibi kakhulu. Nangona ukuluma kunqabile kakhulu, kubangele imeko ebizwa ngokuthi i- loxoscelism . Le yodwa imbangela eyaziwayo ye- aracidism ye- necrotic (ukufa kweesishubhu esicongeni) kwaye ivela kwigama layo kwiLoxosceles uhlobo lwazo zonke izigulane ezithathayo.
Kodwa uyayazi njani ukuba ngaba kwakunjalo ukuhamba okumnyama okukuko?
Lo ngumbuzo oqhelekileyo kuba kukho uxhala oluninzi kunye noloyiko olujikeleze ukuhamba okumnyama. Ukuthabatha isicangca elijongene nayo kuya kukunceda ukuba uyiqaphele, nje uzame ukubeka ingozi yomnye ukuluma ukwenza njalo.
Uninzi lwenu loyiko luyakwazi ukuhlaliswa ngokuqonda okuncinci kwe-brown back. Ngokomzekelo, ezi zichukumisi zihlala kwiindawo ezithile zaseMerika kunye nokufa ngenxa yokuluma kakhulu. Kwakhona, gcinani engqondweni ukuba akuzona zonke izibilini zesikhumba kunye nezicathulo (ezifile) ezifayo ezibangelwa ukugqithisa okumnyama okanye ukubethelwa kwesicangci , ngenxa yoko.
Ngaba Uhlala Kuphi Ukugqithisa KweBruce?
Ukubuyisela izicabucabu zibizwa ngokuba yi- recluse kuba abathandi ukubonwa. Ezi zidalwa zantlanu ziza kuhlaselwa ngabantu ngaphandle kokuba zithukuthelise. Uninzi lwamabhantshi ahlambayo ayenzeka ngenxa yokuba isicangca saphelela kwisambatho somntu.
Ngaloo lwazi, apho uhlala khona ngokwenene kuyinkcazo yokuqala ukuba ngaba ungeyilwa yinto ebomvu.
Le ntlobo ethile itholakala kuphela kumzantsi-ntshona eMelika.
Kwisifundo esithile, abaphandi beSebe le-Entomology kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, uMlambo baye bamema abantu ukuba bathumele iimifanekiso zesicabangca ezazikholelwa ukuba zihamba ezimnyama. Kuzo zonke i-arabicids eziyi-1,773 ezithunyelwe ukusuka kuma-49, iindidi ezi-158 ezahlukileyo zachongwa.
Ukusuka kwezo zingu-29 apho iindawo ezihamba ezimnyama eziqhelekileyo aziqhelekanga, zifunyenwe kuphela iimifanekiso eziluhlaza ezimnyama.
Olu pho nonongo lufumanise ukuba xa uhluthiwe ngaphandle kwendawo ekuthiwa yi-brown spluers eyaziwayo ukuba iphile, amathuba okuvela kwi-brown backs are nearly zero. Kunokwenzeka ukuba ukulimala kubangelwa naliphi na inani lezinye izinto, mhlawumbi nakwezinye iintlobo zesicabangqungquthela esingenasifo esibi.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uyadliwa enyakatho yeKalifornia okanye eMaine, akukho phantse ukuba yinto ephuma emanzini emdaka ngaphandle kokuba usandule ukubuyela eMosissippi. Umgca wezantsi kukuba siyakwazi ukulawula ukugqithisa okumdaka ukuba awukho kwiindawo apho kubonakala khona i-brown recluses ukuba iphile.
Ngaba Kwakuyi-Brown Recluse?
Kucinga ukuba usemgangathweni wokugqithisa obomvu, kulunge ukuba unako ukubona isicabucabu esikutshizayo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi abaqapheli xa bethwa, ngoko ukubonakala kungabonakali.
Ukuba ukhona, ngethuba, unako ukuthabatha isicabucabu esikutshilo, oko kungcono. Ukwahlula kunzima kwaye kuphela u-arachnologist (ingcali ye-spider) unokuchaneka ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba okumnyama . Mhlawumbi ngaphaya kobugqirha bakho ugqirha, nangona ufanele umbonele ukuba umlingo uyingozi.
Ngoxa wena kunye nogqirha wakho unako ukukwazi ukufumanisa ukunqumla okumnyama, kukho izikhombisi ezimbalwa onayo isicabangca esincinci kwintsapho yokuhlamba. Ukuba unokuzigcina ngokukhuselekileyo, yintoni okumele uyikhangele:
- Ukuhlaziya kuya kuba neyesithandathu amehlo asekwe kwiimbini zombini ezibizwa ngokuthi i- dyads . Elinye idyad liya kuba phambili kwaye abanye beliphi icala lentloko. Uninzi lweentlola lunamehlo asibhozo.
- Isisu esiswini (inxalenye enkulu) iya kuba neenwele ezilungileyo kwaye ibe ngumbala oqinileyo.
- Imilenze yinto enye eqinile, umbala okhanyayo kwaye ayinayo imiphunga.
- Umzimba (ngaphandle kwemilenze) awukho ngaphezu kwe-3/8 intshi ende.
Ukugqithisa amaBrown kuthiwa yi- violin spiders okanye i- fiddlebacks .
La magama agqithisela uphawu lwe-violin kumqolo wesigcawu. Nangona kunjalo, akusoloko kubonakala kwimigqomo ebomvu kwaye ibonisa nezinye iintlobo. Khangela enye ingcaciso echazayo kunokuthembela kwi-violin.
Ingxaki kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba awuzange uzive ukuluma. Kwiimeko ezininzi ze-loxoscelism, i-bite itholwa yimpawu eziliqela okanye iintsuku emva koko.
Iimpawu zeBrown Recluse Bite
Uninzi oludaka lubomvu lubaleka okanye alukho na iimpawu kuwo onke okanye kukho ukuvuvukala okuncinci ngopomvu obomvu. Ezinye izilwanyana ziya kuphucula ibilisa okanye i-pimple. Ezi zinokuthi zingabonakali ngokupheleleyo kwiinwele ezingenwe okanye ukusuleleka kwesikhumba njenge staphylococcus okanye streptococcus.
Ukuphononongwa okubanzi kweengqungquthela zokuqhawula isifo sokufumba kwimizimba yesifo esingajikeleziyo kungasasazeka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Unokwazi ukubona isikhumba esibomvu kufuphi neziko okanye ukubilisa, ukujika kumhlophe, kwaye kuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njengoko kusasazeka.
Ezinye zezinto ezigqithiseleyo kakhulu ezihambayo ezinobuninzi zingabangela ukuba i-aracidism ye-necrotic, ebonakala ngathi inxeba evulekile ukuba oogqirha bavame ukubiza izilonda. I-term necrotic arachnidism ngokwezwi nezwi ithetha ukufa kwesisu ngokusebenzisa isilwane.
Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba izifo zonyango zingakhokelela kwizilonda ezinamahlunu ezibukeka zifana nezo zibangelwa ukugqithwa okumnyama. Ukwahlukana kukuba izifo zonyango ezinobungozi zingaba yingozi kakhulu kwaye unyango olunokuthi lukhusele i-antibiotics, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-antibiotics ayisebenzeli ukuhlambalaza okumnyama kwaye kukho bambalwa kakhulu abaqinisekisiweyo bokufa kwi-loxoscelism. Uphando olupapashwe ngo-2017 lubhekisele kumatyala e-loxoscelism ukususela ngo-1995 ukuya ku-2005. Kwiimeko ezingama-57 ezivakalisweyo ezixhasayo kwi-loxoscelism enzima, ezimbini kuphela ezibangelwa ukufa. Bobabini abantu-indoda endala kunye nentombazana-yayisempilweni ngaphambi kokuluma.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba uphando lufumene iziganeko ezingama-373 ezibonakalayo ze-loxoscelism kule minyaka engama-20. Uninzi lwabangelwa iimpawu ezincinci kuphela eziye zacinywa kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
Unyango lweBrown Recluse Bite
Uninzi oluninzi lwe-brown luya kuphulukisa ngaphandle kokungeniswa kwonyango okanye uncedo lokuqala. Ukuba ubona ukuba kwenzeke okanye ukhumbule ukuba uyalunywa, unyango olucetyiswayo ukusebenzisa isicatshulwa sokuqala sokuncedisa esibizwa ngokuba yiRICE (Ukuphumla, i-Ice, Inkcenkcesho, kunye nokuphakama). Gquba indawo yokuluma nge-bandage yoxinzelelo, sebenzisa i-ice kuwo, kwaye uyiphakamise.
Ukuba umlingo ukhula kwi-thumba okanye isilonda, jonga ugqirha. Oku akuyona imeko yongxamisekileyo, kodwa kufuneka ube nogqirha ujonge. Ugqirha unokuthabatha i-swab kwi-ibilisa kunye nenkcubeko ukuba uvavanyo lweebhaktheriya. Oku kuyamnceda ukuba ingaba yanyangwa nge antibiotics kunye neencedisi ekuqaliseni imbangela yangempela, isilwane sesilonda okanye ayikho.
Ukuba awuzange ubone kwaye uzive ukuba ugqirha uyaluma wena, ngoko akukho ndlela enokwaziyo ukuba ingaba i-brown recluse bite. Kwimeko enjalo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha kuyo nayiphi na ibilise okanye ibomvu, indawo ephakanyisiwe eqhubeka ngakumbi, ngakumbi xa ivakalelwa yitshisa kwaye ikhuni.
ILizwi
Nangona ungalingeka ukuba uxhalabele, qiniseka ukuba ukugqithisa okuluhlaza kunqabile kakhulu. Landela iinconywa ze-RICE ngoncedo lokuqala kunye nokubeka esweni indawo ocinga ukuba uyiluma. Ukuba ubona nantoni na engavamile okanye izibilini zibonakala, jonga ugqirha wakho. Ngentliziyo encinci, uya kuhamba kakuhle.
> Umthombo:
> Rahmani F, et al. Izibungozi ezinobuthi: Ukubetha, iMpawu, kunye neNyango; Uhlolo lwezeMfundo. Ngxamiseko. 2014; 2 (2): 54-58.
> Robinson JR, et al. Ukuchaza i-Complex Phenotype yeLoxoscelism enobuGcisa obuKhulu usebenzisa i-Large Electronic Heath Record Group. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (4): e0174941.
> Vetter, RS. I-Arachnids ingeniswe njenge-spiders (i-Araneae: i-Sicariidae): i-Loxosceles izigulane zithintela kuphela kwizabelo ezaziwa kodwa zibonakala zikhona kulo lonke elase-United States. I-Journal ye-Medical Entomology. 2005; 42 (4): 512-521.
> Vetter RS. AmaBlack Brown. IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia, uMlambo. 2009.