Isifo senhliziyo sihlala sisona sibulala umMerika. Ngokutsho kwamaziko okuLawula nokuLawula (i-CDC), enye yokufa kwezine ibonakaliswe ngenye indlela yesifo senhliziyo.
Abaninzi abangama-735,000 banesifo senhliziyo kwaye abantu abangama-795,000 bane-stroke minyaka yonke.
Isifo se-Cardiovascular, esishiywe singakhange siphathwe, singakhokelela ekudakaleni okukhulu nakubhubha. Oko kungekuphela nje kweendleko kwizempilo, kodwa kukubiza ngeedola. Uphando lwe-CDC Foundation lucacisa ukuba iindleko zonyango ngqo kwi-heart disease zingakwazi ukufikelela kwiiRandi eziyi-818 zezigidi ngonyaka ngonyaka we-2030. Xa ungeze umkhiqizo olahlekileyo kumxube, loo mali ingakhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-1 trillion ngonyaka.
Kubaluleke kunanini ngaphambili ukuthabatha amanyathelo okukhusela ezi zifo xa kunokwenzeka. Ukutya okulungileyo , ukuqhuba rhoqo , nokuyeka ukutshaya kunokunceda, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha i-gene yethu iqhuba umboniso. Ukukhutshwa kokukhusela kunye nokunyango kwangaphambili kunokunceda ukunciphisa iingxaki ezivela kwezi zifo, mhlawumbi ziphilise. Ngenxa yezi zizathu, i-Medicare ihlanganisa ezi zilandelayo mvavanyo kunye nonyango, ezininzi zazo zikhululekile kodwa ezinye ziphantsi kweemeko ezithile.
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I-Medicare ne-Aneurysm ScreeningIi-Aneurysms zincincile indawo kwiimibhobho zakho ezibangela ukuba buthathaka kwaye bandise. Ingaba ezi zine-aneurysms zenzeka kwingqondo, intliziyo, okanye isisu, zinokuba yingozi xa zithe zaqhekeka. Inyembezi e-aorta, isitya segazi esithwala igazi ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emzimbeni, sinokubangelwa ukuphuma kwamanzi kwangaphakathi kunye nokufa kwangoku.
I-Medicare ihlawulela ukukhangela kwamahhala e- aortic aneurysms esiswini , ekubeni nje ugqirha wakho ungumniki- nxaxheba . Ukuhlolisiswa kugcinwa kuphela xa iimeko ezithile zidibeneyo. Ngokukodwa, kufuneka ube nembali yentsapho ye-aurtic aneurysm okanye kufuneka ube yindoda ephakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwe-75 ubudala ubudala eye wayitshisa i-cigaretti engama-100 okanye ngaphezulu ebomini bakhe. Umsikazi otshayayo, nangona utshaya ngaphezu komlingani wakhe wesilisa, akavumelekanga ukukhangela i-aneurysm yamahhala ngaphandle kokuba unembali yentsapho.
Olu vavanyo luyenziwe nge-ultrasound engenayo ingavumeleki kwaye unikezwa kuphela kanye phantsi kweMedareriyo.
Unokuhlakulela i-aneurysm esiswini emva komntu, kodwa i-Medicare ayiyi kuhlawula kwakhona ukukhangela kwakhona, ngaphandle kokuba uhlakulele iimpawu.
Qaphela ukuba i-Medicare ayinikezeli ukukhangela kwamahhala kuma-aneurysms kwezinye iindawo zomzimba (oko kukuthi, kwingqondo) nangona kukho imbali yentsapho eyaziwayo.
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I-Medicare kunye neCape Pressure ScreeningOmnye kwabathathu baseMelika unengcinezelo ephezulu yegazi, ngokwe-CDC. Ngelishwa, ingozi yempembelelo yinto ebalulekileyo yengozi yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nesifo. Oko kubeka inxalenye enkulu yabantu baseMelika abasengozini.
Kukho izigaba ezahlukeneyo zengcinezelo . Inombolo yegazi ephezulu yi-systolic blood pressure yakho, inani elingaphantsi lwakho uxinzelelo lwe-diastolic. Umgangatho wakho ophezulu, umngcipheko omkhulu.
- Eziqhelekileyo: ngaphantsi kwama-120/80
- I-pre-hypertension yangaphambili: 120 ukuya kwi-139/80 ukuya kwi-89
- Isigaba 1 somfutho wegazi ophezulu: 140 ukuya ku-159/90 ukuya ku-99
- Isigaba sesi-2 soxinzelelo lwegazi: Siphezulu kune-160/100
Uqhutywe ngokusekelwe ekufundeni okuphezulu kwi-systolic okanye i-diastolic yegazi. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi ngu-135/90, unqanaba lesigaba 1 nangona uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-systolic lusempilweni.
Ngelishwa, ingozi yexinzelelo "ngumbulali ongenangqondo." Uninzi lwabantu abanalo aluve lugula kulo. Ngaphandle kokuhlola okufanelekileyo, abazi ukuba basengozini, abazi ukuba benze utshintsho kwiindlela zabo zokuphila, kwaye abaqalwanga kumachiza , ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ukuhlolwa kwengcinezelo yegazi kunye neengcebiso zikhululekile njengenxalenye yeSikolo sakho samkelekileyo kwi-Medicare kunye noTyelelo loNyaka . Oko kwathiwa, ukucingwa kwengcinezelo yegazi kudla rhoqo kubandakanywa kwiofisi yakho. Ugqirha wakho akunakwenzeka ukuba akuhlawule imali yokujonga.
Unokukhetha ukongamela uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokwakho. Ama-Pharmacies amaninzi anesicatshulwa somrhumo wegazi okhululekile ukuba usebenzise okanye ungathenga i-blood pressure yakho coff.
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I-Medicare neCholesterol ScreeningI-cholesterol idla ngokukhawuleza, kodwa asikwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kwayo. Yenza iimbumba zeseli nganye emzimbeni, kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-aldosterone elawula ityuwa kunye nokulinganisela kwamanzi; Bile ekunceda ukugaya ukutya okunamafutha; i-cortisol elawula iswekile yegazi, ivuselela isistim somzimba sakho, kwaye inokukunceda ujamelane noxinzelelo; amahomoni anjenge-estrogen, progesterone, kunye ne testosterone ezenza iimpawu zakho zesondo; kunye ne-vitamin D exhasa impilo yeethambo.
Ingxaki kukuba i-cholesterol eninzi inokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo, ubuncinane xa iyakhiwa kwimida. Le ye-cholesterol eyongezelelekileyo ingakhokelela ekwakheni i-plaque , izinto ezixubileyo, ezinokuthi zivimbele ukuphuma kwegazi kwimibhobho okanye engakwazi ukuphululela emacaleni, ekugqibeleni ivimbele imithwalo encinci yegazi ngaphantsi. Ngandlela-thile, ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwingqondo okanye intliziyo inokuthi inganyaniseki, ekhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo okanye ngesifo.
Ukulawula i-cholesterol ephezulu kukuphambili ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo.
Yingakho i-Medicare iquka i-cholesterol yokukhangela ngaphandle kwentlawulo emva kweeminyaka emihlanu. Hlalani nikhumbule nayiphi na i-screenings eyongezelelweyo iya kuvela ephaketheni lakho.
Oku akuthethi ukuba i-Medicare ayiyi kuhlawula ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol kaninzi. Kuphela kukuba akuyi kubakho sikhululekile. Ukuba unesifo se-coronary disease, i-cholesterol ephakamileyo, okanye ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zesifo senhliziyo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela umyalelo wegazi rhoqo rhoqo kabini ngonyaka. Kule meko, uya kuhlawula i- coinsurance ye- 20 yepesenti yovavanyo ngalunye.
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I-Medicare neSifo seNtsholongwaneKulo nyaka, ama-525,000 aseMelika aya kuba nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo yabo yokuqala kunye no-210,000 abaye bafumana enye ebomini babo baya kuba nelinye. Kuloo-735,000 abantu, abayi-370,000 baya kufa.
Isifo senhliziyo siqheleke kakhulu eUnited States. Eminye yemingcipheko yethu yesifo somzimba we-coronary disease isingenakunqandwa-ubudala (iminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu), isini (indoda), kunye nohlanga (amaNdiya aseMerika, amaNdiya ase-Alaska kunye namaQela asePacific asemngciphekweni ophezulu). Eminye imingcipheko yimiba, kwinqanaba, phantsi kolawulo lwethu.
Kule miba ebeka ingozi, i-CDC ibika ukuba phantse isiqingatha seMerika ubuncinane enye yezinto ezintathu eziyingozi kwi-heart disease.
- Utywala u nga phezulu
- Igazi elonyukayo*
- I-cholesterol yegazi ephezulu
- Sikashukela
- Imbali yentsapho yesifo senhliziyo
- Ukutya okubi
- Indlela yokuphila yokuhlala ngokwexesha elidlulileyo (ukungasebenzi)
- Ukutshaya
- Ubunzima (ubunzima okanye obunzima)
Ukuba unezinto ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto zengozi, unokukhathazeka ngomngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.
Ukuvavanywa kwengcinezelo ye-cardiac yindlela enye yokukhusela isifo senhliziyo. Kule mivavanyo, intliziyo yakho ijongwa njengoko uhamba okanye uhamba kwi-treadmill okanye ukuba awukwazi ukwenza njalo, unyango lulawulwa ukujonga indlela intliziyo yakho iza kuphendula ngayo. Utshintsho entliziyweni yakho ngaphambi nangemva kokuzivocavoca kungabonakalisa ukuba kukho iingqungquthela kwiirriyiti ezondla intliziyo yakho.
Intliziyo ihlolwe ngendlela ye-electrocardiogram (EKG), i-echocardiogram (i-ultrasound of heart), okanye i-imagery yenukliya apho iifoto zentliziyo yakho zithathwa emva kokuba ujojowe ngumculi we-radioactive.
Uvavanyo oluvakalayo oluxinzelelekileyo lufuna ukulandelelana nokuvavanya okucacileyo, ukunyanyiswa komzimba . Olu vavanyo lwenziwe ngumdlali we-cardiologist ofaka i-catheter kwisigxina esikhulu kwaye uyikhokele entliziyweni yakho. Idayi ikhutshwe entliziyweni ukuba ikhangele ukunciphisa imitha yeeronari. I-stent iyakwazi ukufakwa ngexesha lokucwangcisa i-catheterization ukuvula nokuphatha iintlobo ezithile ze-blockages.
Ngaphandle kwempawu, i-Medicare ayiyi kuhlawula ukuhlolwa koxinzelelo lwengqondo. Ukubeka nje, ezi mvavanyo azenziwanga kwiinjongo zokuhlola.
I-Medicare igxininisa ukunyameka kwengqondo kunye nokunyanyiswa kwemizimba yabantu abaye bazi isifo senhliziyo kunye nabantu abanezifo zentsholongwane ezisesikweni esisekelwe kwiimpawu (intlungu yesifuba, ukuphefumla okufutshane, njl). Ezi mvavanyo zifakwe phantsi kweCandelo B, zikushiye ukuhlawula i-20% ye-coinsurance.
ILizwi
Umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo uyanda njengoko sikhula, kungakhathaliseki ukuba sisini okanye ubuhlanga. Ngenxa yoko, akumangalisi ukuba i-Medicare, i-insurer enkulu kunazo zonke abantu abadala baseMerika, ibandakanya ukukhutshwa nokukhutshwa kwezifo zentliziyo. Ukungenelela kwangethuba kuvumela ugqirha ukuba akufundise ngokuguqulwa kwendlela yokuphila kunye nokunyanga ngamachiza, enethemba ngaphambi kokuba iingxaki ezinjenge-heart attack and stroke ziphuhlise. Uvavanyo lwe-Aneurysm, ukuhlolwa kwegazi ephezulu, ukuhlolwa kwe-cholesterol, kunye nokuhlolwa koxinzelelo lwengqondo kukho konke kwirejista yemali ye-Medicare, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba zihlanganiswe rhoqo. Qonda ukuba yiyiphi i-Medicare eyenza kwaye ayikufihla kwaye xa igubungela, ukuze ungabanjwa yinqununu engalindelekanga.
> Imithombo:
> Izifo zeentliziyo kunye ne-Stroke Iindleko zeMerika phantse i-$ 1 Billion Usuku Kwiindleko zonyango, uMveliso olahlekileyo. Kwi-website ye-CDC Foundation. https://www.cdcfoundation.org/pr/2015/heart-disease-and-stroke-cost-america-nearly-1- billion-day-medical-costs-lost-productivity. Ipapashwe ngo-Apreli 29, 2015.
> Intsholongwane yeentliziyo. Amaziko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lweSifo. https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/facts.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Agasti 24, 2017.
> Impembelelo yegazi ephezulu. Amaziko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lweSifo. https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngoNovemba 30, 2016.
> INgxelo yeSeva ye-Komiti kaZwelonke yoLungiso, ukuThengwa, ukuVavanywa, kunye noPhando lwe-High Press Press: I-JNC 7 Report. JAMA. 2003 Meyi 21; 289 (19): 2560-72. i-doi: 10.1001 / jama.289.19.2573
> Stroke Facts. Amaziko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lweSifo. https://www.cdc.gov/stroke/facts.htm. Ukuhlaziywa kweSeptemba 6, 2017.