Abaxhasi kunye nokubeka abahlanguli kwiingozi baxhalabele kakhulu ukugcina izigulane zentlungu ephaphama emva kwengozi. Baxhalabile isigulane sinokuba nengqungquthela. Inkolelo kukuba ukuba ukuba avunyelwe ukulala, isiguli siya kufa. Ngaba kuyimfuneko ukugcina izigulane zengozi yentloko ukusuka ekungeneni kokungazi?
Isikhwama sokukhubaza intloko kwintsuku nganye okanye kunjalo bekukho ithuluzi lokuhlola eliqhelekileyo kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo, kodwa unyango lushintshile ngeteknoloji efana ne- CT ne-MRI scanners.
Namhlanje, nangona kunjalo, kulula ukubona ukuba izigulane zokulimala kwentloko (kungekhona ukuzigcina ziphapheme) zibonakala ngathi ithikithi yazo yokusinda.
I-Glasgow Coma Scale (okanye uMaphu)
Esinye isixhobo esisezantsi esiphantsi esisetyenziswayo ukuvavanya izigulane zokulimala kwentloko kuthiwa yiGlasgow Coma Scale (GCS), esenza ukuba ubuchopho bukwazi ukusebenza. Imilinganiselo ithathe ingqalelo kwiimpendulo ezona zifanelekileyo kwiigulana, ukuchukumisa kunye neendawo ezikuyo. Ziquka indlela isigulane esabela ngayo kwizwi kunye nentlungu. Kwisigulane esingenalwazi , ukuvavanya ubunzima bentsholongwane yentloko kunokuthetha ukuba umvuse. Enyanisweni, kulula kangakanani ukumvusa inxalenye ye-Glasgow Coma Scale.
Isilinganiselo mhlawumbi sisona sikhokelo esona sibi kakhulu kwiyeza zonyango (landela kunye kwaye uya kubona isizathu). Amanqanaba amathathu ngamehlo, ngomlomo, nangemoto.
Amehlo athatha amanyathelo abangela ukuba isigulane amehlo avule. Yiyo "indlela elula ngayo ukuvusa" ukulinganisa.
Isigulane esilungele ngokupheleleyo sivule amehlo akhe onke. Ufumana amane amanqaku. Ukuba kufuneka uthethe into yokuba amvule amehlo akhe, sithetha ukuba uyasabela kwisisindo somlomo (kungekhona ukudideka ngesilinganiselo somlomo ) kwaye ufumana amanqaku amathathu. Ukuba uhlabe iifake zakho kwi-sternum ukuze uvule amehlo akhe kuthetha ukuba uyasabela kwisisindo esibuhlungu kwaye ufumana amaphuzu amabini.
Ukuba akenzi nto-kungekhona ukuvula amehlo akhe-ufumana ingongoma.
Amanyathelo okuchaza indlela isigulane sakho siphendula ngayo imibuzo. Ukuba uyaphendula imibuzo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye angakwazi ukuxoxa, kuthiwa uyaziqhelanisa kwaye ufumana amanqaku amahlanu. Ayikwazi ukuphendula imibuzo ngokufanelekileyo kuthetha ukuba udidekile okanye udidekile kwaye ufumana amanqaku amane. Ukuba usebenzisa amagama, kodwa ayenzi ngqiqo, ufumana amanqaku amathathu wokuzama. Ukuba uthengisa ngokukodwa, unikwa amabini amabini okwenza isandi. Ulale nje? Ingongoma.
I-Motor iyilinganiselo yentshukumo yesigulane. Ukuba unako ukulandela imiyalelo (blink xa ucela okanye udibanise izandla zakho), unikezelwa ngamaphuzu ayisithandathu. Ukuba akayenzi into oyithethayo kuye, kufuneka umlimaze (encinane, ungahambi). Abantu baphendula ngokuvuselela ubuhlungu ngendlela eqikelelweyo. Gubungela amaqhosha akho kwi-sternum (isifuba). Ukuba usibamba izandla okanye uzigxotha, ezi zihlanu ziza kuthiwa zihlala kwindawo . Ukuzama ukukhenuka kuwe kuthiwa ukuhoxiswa kwaye kufanelekile amanqaku amane. I-Flexor yokuposisa (izandla zenza izibonda kunye neenzwane ezibhekise phambili entloko) zifumana amanqaku amathathu. Ukwandisa ukupakisha (iminwe ibonene kwaye iinzwane zibhekise phambili entloko) zimbini. Khumbula, zombini iindidi zokubeka i-post count kuphela ukuba zenzeke ngenxa yokuba ubangele ubuhlungu.
Kwakhona, ukuba isiguli silele nje, mnike ingongoma.
I-GCS ibalwa ngokungongeza yonke imilinganiselo emithathu kunye. Esona sigulane sinokufumana amaqondo angama-15. Leyo manqaku apheleleyo. Isigulane esingaphenduliyo sithola amanqaku amathathu. I-GCS ijikeleze ixesha elide.
Scans CT
Kuze kube lula ukuba i-CT ifikeleleke, abantu abaye bakrokrelwa ukuba babe neengxoxo zithunyelwa ekhaya ukusuka kwi-ER kunye namalungu entsapho abaye bafundiswa ukuba baphakamise izigulane nganye ngeyure. Ukuba intsapho ayikwazanga ukuvusa isigulane, baxelelwe ukuba bafonele 911 okanye babuyisele ku-ER.
Ngoku ukuba izigulane zengxubusho ziyakwazi ukukhishwa ukuze zilawule ukuba kunokwenzeka ukulimala kakhudlwana kwengqondo, oogqirha abasayi kuphinda baxelele amalungu entsapho ukuba avuse izigulane. Icala ngalinye lihlukile, kwaye abanye oogqirha baya kusatshela amalungu omndeni ukuba avule izigulane kanye okanye kabini ngobusuku, kodwa akudingeki.
Akukho mzekelo ukugcina isigxina somlwelwe siphumeze siphumelele unyango olukhethiweyo. Ukuba isiguli siyayeka ukungenazi nto, akukho nto esinokuyenza ngaphandle kwesibhedlele esifanelekileyo ukuze sihlale siphapheme. Ukuba awukwazi ukuvusa isigulane esikhankanywe ukuba inokulimala kwentloko, biza u-911 okanye umthabise kwisebe lexakeka ngokukhawuleza.