Nangona iimpawu zihlala zincinci, iingxaki zinokuba nzima
Intsholongwane ye-Zika virus, eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-Zika fever okanye isifo se-Zika virus, ngokuqhelekileyo ibangela iimpawu ezincinane, ezithatha ixesha elide okanye akukho zibonakalo. Xa izibonakaliso zentsholongwane zivela, zihlala zingezizo kwaye ziphosakele ngokugqithiseleyo kubanda okanye kumkhuhlane. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukusuleleka komntwana (ukusukela kumama ukuya kumntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa) kunokuba lukhulu kakhulu kwaye kukhokelela kwisiphene esichaphazelekayo sokuzalwa esibizwa ngokuba yi-microcephaly.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Ngokomphando opapashwe kwi-New England Journal of Medicine, ubuninzi beepesenti ezingama-80 ze-Zika izifo ziya kubakho ngokupheleleyo (ngaphandle kwempawu). Xa kubonakala iimpawu, ziqhele ngokuquka:
- Umkhuhlane omzimba
- Intlungu ehlangeneyo (arthralgia)
- I-muscle ache (myalgia)
- Iliso le-pink ( conjunctivitis )
- Intloko
- I-lymph nodes (i- lymphadenopathy )
- Ukuqhaqhabalaza kweempapasho ezibonakaliswe ngamancinci amancinci, obomvu
Iimpawu ziza kubonakala iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezixhenxe emva kokuba zinyulwe ngumlumko osulelekileyo kwaye zicace kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezixhenxe. Nangona i-virus ye-Zika ingabonakaliswa ngubanda okanye umkhuhlane ngenxa yokungabikho kwempawu zokuphefumula (njengokukhwehlela okanye ukunyunyuza), usulelo luyakwazi ukuqinisekiswa ngokuhlanganiswa kwegazi kunye neemvavanyo zomchamo.
Iingxaki zeNtsholongwane
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukusuleleka kweZika kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezibizwa ngokuba yi- Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) apho isistim somzimba somntu sichaphazela amangqamuzana akhe omzimba.
Nangona imeko ibonwa njengeyinqabileyo, inokubangela ukuba ubuthakathaka bengalo nangomlenze kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha elawula ukuphefumla.
Kwimizuzu engama-50 yeemeko, i-GBS iya kuphuhliswa kubantu abanobuchule obude bempawu zeZika, imfiva enkulu, ihlala kwiintsuku ezisixhenxe ukuya kwi-15.
Iimpawu ze-GBS ngokwayo ziqhubekeka kwiiveki kunye neenyanga. Nangona uninzi lwabantu luya kubuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo, abanye banokuba nomonakalo osisigxina. Bambalwa kakhulu abantu abafa kwi-GBS.
Microcephaly kwiintsana
Nangona i-virus yeZika ayifuni ukuba igule kakhulu kubantu abadala okanye abantwana, iziphumo zentsholongwane zingaba zibi kakhulu xa zisasazeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba oku kwenzekayo ngexesha lokuqala, ukusuleleka kungabangela i-defective defect eyaziwa ngokuba yi- microcephaly apho umntwana ezalwa enekhanda elincinci kunye nengqondo.
I-Microcephaly ingabangela ukuhlaselwa kweempawu zomzimba, zegazi kunye nophuhliso, kuquka:
- Ukuhlutywa
- Ukulibaziseka okuphuhlisayo, kubandakanywa iingxaki zentetho kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo zophuhliso ezifana nokuhlala, ukuma okanye ukuhamba
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
- Umvakalelo yokitazo
- Ukuxhalabisa iingxaki, kubandakanya ubunzima bokugwinya (i- dysphagia )
- Ukulahleka kokuva
- Iingxaki zembono , kuquka i- glaucoma
- Ukukhula kakubi
I-Microcephaly inokuba ngumnene okanye inzima. Ubunzima beempawu zihambelana nokukhulula kwentloko yesana. Kwezinye iimeko, umntwana uya kukhula ngokuqhelekileyo engenakho iimpawu zokukhubazeka. Kwabanye, i-defect ingaba nzima kwaye ikhokelela ekukhubazekeni konke ubomi kunye nokuphila okuncinciweyo.
Iintsana ezizalwe nge-microcephaly ziza kujongwa ngokukhawuleza nokuba akukho zibonakaliso zangaphandle zokukhubazeka. Ezinye zeengxaki ze-defect, ezifana ne-cerebral palsy okanye ukuhluthwa, ziyakhula kuphela kwimpilo kamva.
Akukho nonyango epheleleyo ye-microcephaly kwaye akukho nto inokuyenza ukuze ubuyisele intloko yesana kwisikhululo sayo esivamile. Ukusebenza emsebenzini, intetho kunye nokunyangwa komzimba kungasetyenziselwa ukunqoba ukukhubazeka okukhulu, ngelixa unyango lunokukunceda ukulawula ukuxhatshazwa kunye nezinye iingxaki zonyango.
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Nabani na umntu oye wahamba okanye ehlala kwindawo apho i-virus yeZika ihlala khona kufuneka ihlolwe ukuba iimpawu zentsholongwane zivela.
Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba ukhulelwe.
Amaziko okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo (CDC) anxusa nayiphi na ibhinqa elikhulelweyo ukuba lihlolwe iiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokubuya kwakhe kummandla owodwa. Abo baneempawu kufuneka bahlolwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba kwenzeka ukuba uhlala kwindawo ehlala kuyo, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe ngethuba lokutyelela kokuqala kokuqala kokubeletha kunye nakwi-middlepoint ye-trimester yakho yesibili.
Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ukuluma umlingo kuthetha ukuba umntwana wakho uya kuzalelwa ngesiphene sokuzalwa. Ngaphandle kwenyuma-mpuma yeBrazil, indawo eyabhalwa kanzima yi-Zika ukuphazamiseka kwe-2016, umngcipheko we-microcephaly phakathi kwabasetyhini abachaphazelekayo baphumelela naphi kwipesenti enye ukuya kuma-13 ekhulwini.
Nangona i-virus yeZika imele ibe nexhala, akufanele kubangele ukwethuka. Ngezilumkiso ezifanelekileyo, wena kunye nosapho lwakho kunokunciphisa kakhulu iziganeko zakho zokungenwa kwezifo nokuba uhlala ekhaya naphesheya.
> Imithombo:
> Amasebe okuLawula nokuVimbela (iCCDC). "Iingxaki zokuzalwa: Amazwi malunga ne-microcephaly." I-Atlanta, eGeorgia; hlaziywa ngoDisemba 7, 2017.
> CDC. "Zika Virus." Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebhuwari 22, 2018
> Duffy, M .; Chen, T; Hancock, W. et al. "I-Zika isifo segciwane kwisiqhamo saseYap, amazwe aseMicronesia ahlangeneyo." N. Engl J Med. 2009; 360: 2536-43, INGXELO: 10.1056 / NEJMoa0805715.
> Isiko saseYurophu seZifo soKhuselo nokuLawula. " Ingozi yesifo sengculaza yeZika e-Amerika: ukudibanisa kunye ne-microcephaly kunye ne-Guillain-Barré syndrome (ukuhlaziywa kokuqala). " I-Stockholm, eSweden: i-ECDC; 2016.
> McCarthy, M. "Umngcipheko we-Microcephaly nge-Zika isifo sokutheleleka ngu-1-13% kwi-trimester yokuqala, uvavanyo lubonisa." BMJ. 2016; 353: i-3048. INGXELO: 10.1136 / bmj.i3048.