Isixhobo P Siye senza iimpembelelo ezintle
Indlela i-Substance P yachongwa ngayo
Isixhobo sokuqala P sasiyifumene ngo-1931, kodwa ukubaluleka kwayo emzimbeni kuthatha amashumi eminyaka ukuba idibanise. Ngama-1950, kuye kwachongwa ukuba i-P impahla yayiyi-neurotransmitter. Iiseli zamagulane zixhulumana ngeeurotransmitters. I-P yezinto zafunyanwa ukuba isebenze njengomthumeli wentlungu yokupasa. Uphondo lwentsimbi luqulethwe nge-neurons ye-sensor kwaye lufunyenwe kuwo onke amanqanaba omgca.
Ngama-1970, ii-biochemical properties ze-P ziboniswe. I-P yezinto zachongwa njengeprotheyini eyenziwe ngokulandelelana kwama-amino acids.
Indima ye-P e-Body
Izifundo ezininzi zezilwanyana kunye ne-in vitro zaqhutyelwa ukwenzela ukuba indima yezinto eziphathekayo P emzimbeni ingaqondwa kangcono. Abaphandi bafumene ukuba i-substance P ibangela intlungu ngeenkqubo ezaziwa ngokuba yi-nociception. I-nociceptor yintsholongwane ye-neuron okanye iselence ye-nervous ephendula ngeempembelelo ezinokulimaza ngokusayina intambo yomgogodla kunye nengqondo. I-nociception ibangela ukuqonda kweentlungu. Kwakhona kwafumanisa ukuba imveliso yeP P ineempembelelo eziphezulu.
I-P kunye ne-receptor yayo eyintloko, i-neurokinin-1 (NK-1) i-receptor, ikhona kwi-neurons ekhona kwi-neuroaxis (i-axis ehamba ngongqondo kunye nomtya wentongo). Leo neurons idlala indima entlungu, uxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalabisa. I-P isetyenziswa kwakhona kwinkqubo yesigxina kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi, kuquka i-hypothalamus kunye ne-amygdala.
Ezi ndawo zidibene nokuziphatha komzimba.
Ngaphandle kweentlungu, ukuxinezeleka, kunye nokuxhalaba, i-P ifunyenwe ukuba idlale indima kwiimpendulo ezininzi ze-physiologic:
- ukuhlanza
- ukuziphatha ngokuzikhusela
- utshintshile kwintetho yomoya
- ukuvuselelwa kwemfihlo yokumisa
- ukukhwabanisa kwesisu
- vasodilation
I-P kunye neArthritis
Abaphandi baye bafunda ukubandakanywa kwezinto eziphathekayo P kwi- arthritis kunye nezifo ezivuthayo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphathekayo P ukudlala indima kwi-arthritis, inkqubo yesifo kufuneka ibandakanyeke kwi-pathophysiology ye-arthritis. Kufuneka kube ne-innory nerve innervation kwi- joint . Ezinye iziphumo zibonisa ukuba kunjalo:
- Isixhobo P satholakala kwiindawo eziphambili.
- I-P isetyenziswa kwiinkxalabo eziphezulu kwi- synovial fluid yezigulane ze- rheumatoid arthritis .
- Inombolo yezinto eziphathekayo P iimceivers zihluke kwiisishu ze-rheumatoid.
Levine et al. zicetywayo ukuba iinkqubo ze-neural zinganikeza inkcazo yezinto ezithile ezivelele kwi-arthritis ye-rheumatoid: amaqela athile anakho ukuvelisa i-arthritis; Amalungu athile ahlakulela isifo esiyingozi kakhulu; kwaye umzekelo wamajoyina achaphazelekayo yi-arthritis ye-rheumatodi iphakathi kunye neyamanyaniswa. Lotz et al. bafumene enye indima enokubakho kwi-P ye-arthritis. ULotz kunye neqela lakhe babonisa ukuba i-substance P ingakhuthaza i-synoviocytes (iisensi ze-synovial) kwi-rheumatoid arthritis. Izinto P zandisa ukukhutshwa kwe-prostaglandin kunye ne-collagenase kwi synoviocytes.
Into ejoliswe kuyo P
Ngaba uphando malunga nendima ye-substance P inikezele ithagethi entsha yonyango ye-rheumatoid arthritis?
Akunjalo. Kodwa, abaphandi bathi banakho ukuxhatshazwa kwe-NK1 receptor (blocker) ukuphuhliswa njengonyango lwe-rheumatoid arthritis. Ngeli xesha:
- I-Glucocorticoids inokunciphisa ukuvuvukala okuvela kumathambo omzimba ngokunciphisa ukuthetha kwe-NK-1, ngelixa ukwandisa imveliso ye-enzyme ebangela ukuthotywa kwezinto P.
- I- capsaicin yesicatshulwa iyakunciphisa i-substance P ukusuka ekuphelelweni kwentsholongwane ekunciphiseni intlungu. Ngokwe-rheumatologist, uScott J. Zashin, MD, i-capsaicin ingathabatha iiveki ezi-1 ukuya kwezine ukuya kusebenza. Ukuze kugcinwe inzuzo yentlungu, i-capsaicin kufuneka isetyenziswe kwakhona ngokwemiyalelo.
Indima yezinto eziphantsi kweP in Pain Acute Emva kokuhlinzwa
Ulwazi malunga nendima ye-substance P kwi-nociception evelele emva kokuhlinzwa kwizigulane ezinesifo esingapheliyo sitsho, kunokuba ulwazi malunga nekhonkco phakathi kwenguqu ye-P kwaye utshintsho lwentlungu. Ngokutsho kwe-PLoS One (2016), abaphandi bafunda ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kwenguqu ye-P kwaye utshintsho olunzulu kwizigulane ezine-rheumatoid arthritis ezenza utyando lwe-orthopedic. Bafumanisa ukuba ukulungelelanisa phakathi kokunyamezeleka kweentlungu kunye nenkunkuma ye-serum yeP serum yenzeke emva kweso sigulo kwizigulane ezine-rheumatoid arthritis, kodwa yayingabonakali kwi-drainage fluid.
> Imithombo:
> Garret NE et al. Indima yezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yiP Arthritis . Iziganeko zeeRheumatic Diseases 1992; 51: 1014-1018.
> Keeble and Brain. Indima yeP substance P kwiArthritis? Iincwadi zeeuroscience. Umqulu 361. Imiba 1-3, 6 Meyi 2004. Amaphepha 176-179
> Levine JD, Collier DH, Basbaum AI, Moskowitz MA, Unceda i-CA. I-hypothesis: inkqubo yeentlanzi inokufaka isandla kwi-pathophysiology ye-rheumatoid arthritis. Umbhalo weRheumatology. 1985, 12 (3): 406-411.
> Lisowska, B. et al. I-P kunye ne-Pain Acute Pain in Patients Under Surgery. PLoS One. 2016 Jan 5; 11 (1): e0146400. i-doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pone.0146400.
> Lotz M, Carson DA, Vaughan JH. Into esebenzayo yokusebenzisa i-synoviocytes ye-rheumatoid: indlela ye-neural kwi-pathogenesis ye-arthritis. Sayensi. 1987 Feb 20; 235 (4791): 893-5.
> O'Connor T et al. Indima yezinto ezi-P kwiZifo ezivuthayo. Umbhalo we-Cell Physiology. 2004 Nov; 201 (2) 167-80.