Yintoni isigaba 4 somhlaza wesifo seprotate, ziphi unyango olukhoyo, kwaye yintoni na ukuchazwa?
Umdlavuza wesibeletho wesigaba se-4 ngowona mgangatho ophezulu kakhulu wesifo. Kuthetha ukuba umdlavuza usasaze ngaphaya kweprotrate kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba.
Ukuqonda isiteji
Inkqubo yesistim eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngumhlaza wesibeletho yinkqubo ye- TNM . Enye indlela esetyenziswe zizibhedlele kunye noogqirha yi-Jewett isiteji esicwangcisiweyo esiphula izibilini kwisigaba A ukuya kwisigaba D.
Ngeenkqubo ze-TNM, iileta zimela:
- I-T isayizi yesisu.
- N kukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node. I-N0 ithetha ukuba umdlavuza awusasazekanga nakweyiphi i-lymph nodes. I-N1 ithetha ukuba i-tumor isasaze kwii-lymph nodes eziseduze. I-N2 ithetha ukuba i-tumor isasaze kwii-lymph nodes ezikude.
- M kukuba i-metastases. I-M0 ithetha ukuba umdlavuza weprotate awusasazekanga kwizitho ezikude. I-M1 ithetha ukuba umdlavuza weprotate usasazeke kwizitho ezikude-amathambo yindawo eqhelekileyo yomhlaza wesifo seprotate.
Umhlaza wesifo sesisu uqwalaselwa kwisigaba 4 kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ezintathu:
- Isisu seT4 esingenayo i-lymph node ukubandakanyeka kwaye akukho mastases.
- Naluphina ubukhulu bezondo kunye ne-lymph nodes eziphambili (N1) kwaye akukho mastases.
- Naluphi na ubukhulu bezondo nje kuphela kunye naluphi na isimo se-lymph node (akukho, ama-nodes asondeleyo, okanye iindawo ezikude ezikude) kunye ne-metastases kwenye indawo yomzimba (M0).
Iimpawu
Iimpawu zesigaba 4 Umhlaza wesibeletho unxulumene nomdlavuza kwi-prostate yakho, okanye ngenxa yemastastas.
Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Igazi kumchamo
- Uluhlu oludlula umchamo
- Ukungasebenzi kwe-Erectile
- Intlungu yesifo kwi-boneastas
- Ubuthathaka emilenzeni okanye kwiingxaki zesibilini okanye isisu
- Ukuhla ukusinda
- Ukwandiswa kwamanqanaba okusuleleka
- Ukukhathala
Ukuxilongwa
Uvavanyo lokuxilonga umdlavuza we-prostate lungabandakanya i-CT scan, i-ultrasound, i-MRI, okanye i-PET yokuhlola ukuhlola ukukhula nokukhangela i-metastases.
I-biopsy idla ngokubakho ukujonga ubuhlungu besisu.
Unyango
Nangona isigaba 4 somhlaza wesibeletho asiqhelekanga unyango, uyaphathwa. Ukudibanisa unyango oluninzi oluqhelekileyo lisetyenziselwa ukudlula ixesha kwili gaba lesifo.
Ukwelashwa kweHormone - Utyando lweHormone ngokuqhelekileyo luyintloko yecandelo lesifo sesine. Izinketho ezahlukeneyo ziyafumaneka ukunciphisa inani le testosterone emzimbeni wakho. Amanye amayeza ayeka umveliso we testosterone, kwaye abanye basebenzela ukuthintela i-testosterone ekuvuseleleni iiseli zomhlaza zesifo somhlaza. Njengoko i-estrogen isebenza njengefuthe lokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamaseli amaninzi omhlaza webele, i-testosterone isebenza njengefuthe lokukhuthaza ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza zesifo seprotate.
Utyando olunzulu - I-TURP inkqubo yenziwa ngamanye amaxesha ngeli nqanaba. Ekubeni isigaba 4 somhlaza wesifo sengqungquthela inesine nkcazo isasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, utyando lokususa iprotrath aluncedo "ekuphiliseni" umdlavuza njengoko kungenzeka kwiimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza wesibeletho. Ezi zihlandlo ngamanye amaxesha zenziwa ngeempawu ezinxulumene neprotrate. Ngamanye amaxesha i-orchiectomy (ukususwa kwamathambo) kwakhona kwenziwa njengoluhlobo lwe-hormonal therapy.
Izaziso ezinomsoco - Izaziso zingasetyenziselwa kunye ne-hormonal therapy ekuqaleni ukulawula intlungu, kwaye emva kokuba unyango lwe-hormone luye lwayeka ukusebenza.
Izaphulo zingasetyenziselwa amathambo ama-metastases ukunciphisa intlungu.
Ukunyangwa kwethambo lwe-boneastases - Ukunyangwa kweetasastases zethambo kunokubandakanya ukudibanisa unyango lwe-radiation kunye nodidi lwamachiza olubizwa ngokuba yi-bisphosphonates.
I-Chemotherapy - I-Chemotherapy ingasebenzela ukwandisa ubomi kubasilisa abanomdlavuza wesibeletho kunye nokunciphisa intlungu ngenxa ye-metastases.
Prognosis
Ukugxekwa kwesigaba sesine isifo kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani. Ukuphuka kwesigaba 4 ukuya kwiindawo ezi-2:
Isigaba sesi-4 kunye ne-metastase yesithili-Umhlaza wesifo seprostate obizwa ngokuba yi-stage 4 ngenxa yesayizi esikhulu se-tumor (T4) okanye ngenxa yokusabalalisa kwi-lymph nodes esondeleyo ine-5% yokusinda kweminyaka eyi-100%.
Isigaba sesi-4 esineemastastas ezikude-Ngokutsho komhla we-National Cancer Institute of SEER, amadoda anesifo somhlaza wesibeleko esine-4 esasasazeka kwiimpawu ze-lymph (N2) ezikude okanye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ezifana namathambo, anesilinganiso seminyaka emihlanu yokusinda 28%. Ngaloo nto qhubeka ukhumbula ukuba unyango lwee-cancer eziphambili luphucula unyaka ngamnye. Wonke umntu uhlukile, kwaye iimvavanyo zeklinikhi namhlanje zingatshintsha loo manani kusasa.
Ukujamelana
Funda malunga nomhlaza wakho. Qaphela ezinye zeengxaki zomhlaza zengcinezelo ukuze ulungele. Yamkela uncedo. Umdlavuza wesibeletho wesigaba 4 ngamanye amaxesha ungabangela intlungu. Thetha ugqirha uze ungazami ukuba "iqhawe" kwaye ugweme ukuphatha iimpawu zakho. Cinga ukujoyina iqela leenkxaso okanye uhlolisise kwi-intanethi yesigaba 4 somdlavuza wesihenyu.
Ukuba ungumhlobo wakho ojamelana nomdlavuza wesibeletho, funda iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo ekuxhaseni umthandayo ngomhlaza wesibeletho .
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. Izinga lokusinda kwi-prostate yomhlaza. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/prostatecancer/detailedguide/prostate-cancer-survival-rates.
Kumar V, Abbas A, Fausto N. Robbins Isiseko sePathologic yeSifo 7th Edition. 2004.
National Cancer Institute. Ukwelashwa kweNtsholongwane kaGawulayo - kwiingcali zempilo (PDQ). http://www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-treatment-pdq.