Abathinteli bezandla zoMbane
I-Prostaglandins i-hormone eqhuba impembelelo eninzi kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zomzimba emzimbeni wakho. Zineziphumo ezintle kunye nezibi kwimpilo yakho. Ngamanye amazwi, i-prostaglandines iququzelela i-homeostasis, kodwa ikhuthaza iinkqubo zesifo.
Iinjongo
Ezi zinto ezincinane ziyenziwa ngama-acids acids, kwaye zidlala indima kwimisebenzi emininzi eyisiseko.
Eminye yale mi sebenzi ibandakanya, umzekelo, i-vasodilation kunye ne-vasoconstriction. I-Vasodilation kunye ne-vasoconstriction, ngokulandelanayo, inkqubo ye-othomathikhi yokuvula umkhumbi wegazi kunye nokuvala. Ezinye ziquka i-bronchoconstriction, eyona nto iyanqanyulwa yindlela yokuhamba yomoya, i-clotting, i-contrater contractions, i-fever, kunye nokugcinwa kwezicubu ezinjengezondlo zakho zesisu.
Kanye kunye nezinto eziluhlu olukhankanywe ngentla, i-prostaglandin ithonya amanqanaba entlungu kwaye ilawula ukutshaya, iinkqubo zomzimba ezimbini ezichaphazela phantse wonke umntu ophethe intamo okanye inkathazo yangemva.
Ngokomhleli we-2003 kwi- Nature Structural Biology , kukho ii-24 ezahlukeneyo ze-prostaglandines.
Iimpawu ezijoliswe kwiProstaglandins
Ngenxa yokuba i-prostaglandin idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqaliseni nasekuqhubekeni ukuvuvukala, izidakamizwa ezininzi ziye zaphuhliswa kwiminyaka yokulwa nezenzo zabo. Ezi zi yobisi zibonwa ziphumelelayo kunye nexabiso elincinci, kwaye abantu abajikeleze ihlabathi baze baphelele kwixesha elide baye bajika kubo.
Kwixesha la mandulo, i- willow bark yayisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa intlungu kunye nokunciphisa umkhuhlane, kwaye le mihla ininzi i-herbalist epheleleyo ikhuthaza ukuba isityalo sibe ngabaxhasi babo. Ngama-1820s, isithako esisebenzayo se-willow bark sasizimisele ukuba yi-salicylic acid. Kodwa xa izigulane zifumana iingxaki zesisu ezinzulu, kubandakanywa urhudo nokuhlanza, ngenxa yokuthatha i-salicylic acid, i-acetylsalicylic acid yaqala ukusetyenziswa kwindawo yayo.
Ngama-1890, i-acetylsalicylic acid yaqala ekuqaleni kwimarike njenge-aspirin yinkampani eyaziwayo ngoku kunye ne-Bayer.
I-COX Inhibitor Izidakamizwa
Ngama-1960 isigaba sezilwanyana ezibizwa ngokuba yi-phenylolkanoic acids zathotyelwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nentlungu. Ezi zi-acids zenza oko ngokuvimbela i-enzyme cyclooxygenase, okanye i-COX. (Ii-enzyme ze-COX zithatha ukwenza ngokukhawuleza ekuzaleni i-prostaglandin.) I-athikili ethi "i-Painkillers kunye ne-prostaglandines" ithi i-COX e-enzyme ezintathu ifunyenwe: COX 1 ekhusela i-GI tract, i-COX 2, edlala indima ekuvukeleni, umkhuhlane , kunye nentlungu, kunye ne-COX 3 efunyanwa ikakhulu kwingqondo. Eyaziwayo i-COX inhibitors (okwangoku kwimakethe) ngenxa yentlungu nokuvuvukala-uhlobo oluthathwa ngabantu abaneentamo okanye intlungu emva-kuquka i-aspirin kunye ne-ibuprofen ( Advil ). I-Aspirin ne-Advil inqanda zombini i-COX 1 kunye ne-COX 2 enzymes. Imiphumo emibi eyaziwayo yale miyeza iyilonda kwaye iphuma kumlenze wesisu.
U-Advil naye uza nomngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo kunye nesifo, ngeshwa.
Enyanisweni, ngaphandle kwe-aspirin, zonke iziyobisi ezingekho-steroidal ezichasayo (i-NSAID) ziza ne-FDA "ibhokisi ebomnyama" isilumkiso sokuba ukuthatha imithi kuphakamisa umngcipheko wesifo senhliziyo.
Uyakhumbula i- Vioxx kunye no-Bextra , ukuxhaswa kweentlungu ezithembeke kwangaphambili eziye zaxutywa kwimarike ngo-2004. Isenzo salezi ziyobisi kwakukuvimbela kuphela i-enzyme ye-COX 2; kunjalo, baziwa ngokuba yi-COX 2 inhibitors. Inzuzo yabo kukuba iimpembelelo ezinxulumene nesisu zaphela; Ingxaki yayikukuba ngexesha elifanayo la mayeza ayenayo i-blobuster status kwimarike, kwacaciswa ukuba ii-COX-2 inhibitors zandise ingozi yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokufa kwesifo.
NgoSeptemba ka-2004, uMerck ngokuzithandela wamthabatha uVixx kumakethi. Ngo-Apreli 2005, i-FDA yalela iPfizer umenzi weziyobisi ukuba athathe iBextra ngaphandle kwemarike kodwa wavumela iCelebrex (Celecoxib) ukuba ihlale, apho yenza nanamhla.
ILizwi
Kuyaziwa ukuba ukuvuvukala kwintsimi yezifo zanamhlanje, kuquka nentlungu engapheliyo. Kwakhona kwaziwa kakuhle ukuba ukuthatha amayeza ukulungisa izifo ezinxulumene nokuvuvukala kunokuvela nemiphumo emibi, ezinye zazo ezinokuthi zinzulu kakhulu, ngokwenene.
Ngaloo nto, abaninzi ababonelela ngempilo, izigulane kunye neentsholongwane zonyango zemvelo zikhuthaza okanye zilandele ukutya okuchasayo . Inqaku elipapashwe kwiHarvard Women's Health Watch lathi iingxelo ezininzi zibonise ukutya kunokuba nomthelela ochasayo.
Ukwazi ukuba ngubani onokukunceda ukwakha isiseko sokutya oku kunokukunceda ukulwa nemiphumo yokuvuvukala.
Abanye abantu banokuthi bathathe imishanguzo yokutshabalala okanye i-supplements , njenge-willow bark, echazwe ngasentla.
> Imithombo:
> Umhleli. Iipilisi kunye ne-prostaglandin. Ubume beBilo. 2003
> IHarvard yeNtombi yezeMpilo. Ukutya okulwa nokuvutha Agasti 2017.
> Ricciotti, E., PhD, FitzGerald, Garret A., MD. Prostaglandins kunye nokuvutha. I-Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. Meyi 2011.