Xa i-smallpox yayisisifo sesifo semvelo, unyango lwalusoloko lusekela. Izigulane zenziwe zikhululekile kwaye zinokushiya isifo ukuba sithathe ikhosi. Akukho zixhobo zonyango oluluncedo lweyeza. Ukugonywa kwe-post-exposure kwaba yindlela yokwenza unyango kuphela obenokuyenza, othe wagqirha isigulane ekuqapheliseni ukuba uye wabonakala (okanye ukuba amagosa enonophelo lwezempilo afunyaniswe nalawo adibeneyo kunye nezigulane ezandulululweyo).
Ekubeni i-World Health Organisation (i-WHO) yabhengeze ukuba i-smallpox yachithwa ngo-1980, abaphandi banemifanekiso nje yezilwanyana ukuvavanya ukhetho lwonyango. Ukuphuhliswa kwemithi yokubulala untiviral ukuphatha i-variola ngoku kusekelwe kuphela kwiinguqu ze-zoonotic ze-orthopoxvirus.
I-Post-Exposure Vaccination
Ukunika isigulane isigxina sesigxina emva kokuba isiguli sigqityiwe sisona sonyango olukhethekileyo ukuba ngaba bekucingelwa ukuba kuya kuba nexesha lokukhutshwa kwegciwane lokusebenza. Ukunyanga kwakungekho nto enokuyenza xa isiguli esele sinezilonda. Nangona kunjalo, bekukho ukunciphisa ubunzima be-smallpox kwaye kwezinye iimeko, kwakungenzeka ukuba i-smallpox ayizange iphuhliswe ngenxa yokugonywa kwe-post-exposure.
Ngelishwa, idatha efunyanwe ngethuba leminyaka xa amagosa enonophelo lwezempilo aphelisa ngokupheleleyo isifo ayifani ngokuchanekileyo ukugqibhuka kwamhlanje. Izigulane zangoku kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi zi-immunocompromised ngenxa ye-HIV kunye nonyango olutshanje lwezokwelapha.
Isigodlo esasetyenziswe ngexesha lokupheliswa kwexesha kwakuyizizukulwana zokuqala kwaye inguqulelo yanamhlanje ingaba yinkcitho engaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi. Ngokufanayo, iziphumo zecandelo lokugonya zingase zihluke kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ziya kuba neziganeko ezahlukeneyo zeziphumo eziqhelekileyo.
IAntiviral Medication
Ngenxa yokuba akubangakho kwakhona iimeko ezinobuncwane ezivela kubantu kusukela ngowe-1977, akukho ndlela yokuvavanya imishanguzo emitsha yintsholongwane yomntu kwintsholongwane ka-variola.
Endaweni yoko, abaphandi basebenzisa abantu abane-orthopoxviruses okanye kwii-primates ezitheleleke kwi-variola virus ephilayo. Kukho izixhobo ezinokusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezitsha ezinokuthi ziphuhliswe kwaye enye isele ifakwe kwisiganeko sokuqhambuka kwesibhozo.
Ngaphandle kokuvavanywa kwabantu kunye ne-virus yangempela ye-variola, akukho ndlela yokukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba la mayeza aya kuziphatha njani okanye ukuba aya kusebenza. Ukuhlolwa kwezilwanyana kubonisa ukuba ukulawulwa kweyeza-antitiviral emva kokuba izilonda zivele-yilophawu olulindelekileyo lonyango oluxelela oogqirha ukuba isigulane sinombumba-sinciphise ukugula ngendlela ephawulekayo. Nangona kunjalo, imishanguzo ye-anti-medal ayikho i-panacea kwaye nangona ukuba iziyobisi ziphumelela kwi-smallpox ebantwini, i-dosing ingase ibe yinkqubo yokuqala.
Thintelo
Ekubeni unyango lwe-smallpox lugcinelwe kuphela ukugonywa kunye nemithi emibini engaphilile i-anti-anti-virus, ukuthintela kuba yindlela ekhethekileyo yokunyanga. Ama-stockpiles okwangoku we-variola virus ephilayo agcinwa kuphela kwiibrabhu ezimbini emhlabeni jikelele: amaZiko okuLawula nokuVikela (CDC) e-Atlanta, Georgia, kunye ne-VECTOR Institute eRashiya. Ezi zifo zegciwane ziphila zigcinwe ngenjongo zophando ukwenzela ukukunceda ukuchonga izixhobo ezikhoyo kunye nezinye iindlela zokonyango.
Ezi zimbini ezisongelayo ukudala i-smallpox breakbreak zikhutshwa yintsholongwane ye-variola (ngengozi okanye ngenjongo) okanye ukuguqulwa kwesinye i-orthopoxvirus, mhlawumbi isifo se-monkeypox, sinokuchaphazela abantu ngendlela efanayo nesifo se-smallpox.
> Imithombo:
> Trost, L., Rose, M., Khouri, J., Keilholz, L., Long, J., Godin, S., & Foster, S. (2015). I-efficacy kunye ne-pharmacokinetics ye-brincidofovir yokunyangwa kosulelo lwe-rabbitpox yesifo esibulalayo: Imodeli yesifo se-smallpox. Uphando lwe-Antiviral , 117 , 115-121. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.antiviral.2015.02.007
> McCollum, A., Li, Y., Wilkins, K., Karem, K., Davidson, W., & Paddock, C. et al. (2014). Ukuxhatshazwa kwePoxvirus kunye noTyikityo kwiiNdaba zeMbali. Izifo ezithintekayo ezichaphazelekayo , 20 (2), 177-184. i-doi: 10.3201 / eid2002.131098
> Tayarani-Najaran, Z., Tayarani-Najaran, N., Sahebkar, A., & Emami, S. (2016). Uxwebhu olutsha lweNcotyi yegciwane. I-Journal Of Acupuncture kunye nee-Meridian Studies , 9 (6), 287-289. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jams.2016.09.003
> Cann, J., Jahrling, P., Hensley, L., & Wahl-Jensen, V. (2013). Ukuthelekiswa kwePatfogy ye-Smallpox kunye ne-Monkeypox kwi-Man and Macaques. Umbhalo We-Pathology of Compare , 148 (1), 6-21. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jcpa.2012.06.007
> Damon, I., Damaso, C., & McFadden, G. (2014). Ngaba Sikhona? I-Agropox Research Agenda usebenzisa i-Variola Virus. Iiplos Pathogens , 10 (5), e1004108.doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.ppat.1004108