Ukubonakaliswa kunye neZimpawu zoBomi abane-obusongela ii-Amoeba Infections
Iimpilo ze-amoebas zamahhala zizinto eziphilayo ezingaqhelekanga ezinokuphila kwimimandla ngaphandle kwanoma yimuphi uhlobo lomkhosi. Ukwelashwa kwabakwa-Amoebic kubantu abanqabile, kodwa kungabangela izifo ezibulala isifo segazi.
Naegleria fowleri
I-Naegleria fowleri ifumaneka kwiqoqo yamanzi ashushu afudumele kuwo wonke umhlaba. Ngokuqhelekileyo ixhaphaza abancinci, abantu abasempilweni abaye bahlamba emanzini amanzi.
Ezinye izifo ziye zahlanganiswa nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi ompompo kwiipotti.
I-Naegleria inezigaba ezintathu zokuphila: i-cysts, i-trophozoites kunye neefom. I-Trophozoites inokungena emathanjeni aso kwaye ingene ebuchosheni. Isiphumo si- meningoencephalitis , esibizwa ngokuba yi-primary amebic meningoencephalitis, okanye i-PAM. Yibangela intloko enzima, umkhuhlane, ukuqina kwentamo, ukudideka, isicathulo, kunye nokuhlanza. Esi sifo sisoloko sibulalayo kwiintsuku ezine ukuya kweyesithandathu ngenxa yokunyuswa kwengcinezelo ephezulu .
U-Naegleria unzima ukuxilonga kwaye uhamba ngokukhawuleza, okwenza kube nzima ukuthetha ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba isifo singaphathwa njani. Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba ukudibanisa ukusebenzisa amayeza antifungal amphotericin B kunye ne-fluconazole kunye ne-antibiotics kunye ne-corticosteroid. Acanthamoeba
NjengoNaegleria, iintlobo ze-Acanthamoeba zifumaneka kwihlabathi jikelele. Iingxelo zenziwe ngokufumana i-Amoeba kumachibi okubhukuda, amachibi, amanzi okupompoza, ukuthuthwa kwamanzi, i-lens zixhobo, uomatshini we-dialysis, iinkqubo zokufudumala kunye nezimo zomoya, imifuno kunye nokunye.
I-amoeba inokungena emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa amehlo, impumlo, okanye izilonda.
Ngokungafani neNaegleria, iintsholongwane ze-acanthamoeba azifanekiyo kubantu abaphilileyo kwaye kunoko zihlala zifumaneka kulabo abangaxilwanga kwi-immunocompromised (ama-immune systems). I-amoeba idla ngokungena kwigazi kuqala ize ihambe ingene ebuchosheni.
Ngesinye inkqubo kwinkqubo yesantya, i-amoeba ibangele i-encephalitis ephantsi. Iimpawu zokuqala zisoloko zenziwa intloko, ukukhubeka, isicathulo, kunye nesisu. Ekugqibeleni, intsholongwane ingabangela ubunene ekukhanyeni, iingxaki zeengxaki zeengxaki, imboniselo emibini, i- ataxia , ukudideka, kunye nokuthintela. Esi sifo sisoloko sifile kwisithuba esinye ukuya kweenyanga ezimbini emva kokuba iimpawu zokuqala zivele.
Unyango olungcono kakhulu kwesi sifo aluqinisekanga. Amaziko okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo, okanye i-CDC, unesichengululo sokuphanda esibizwa ngokuba yi-miltefosine esingazama.
Balamuthia Mandrillaris
I-Balamuthia ifumaneka emhlabathini. Nangona ukutyhila kuqhelekile, usulelo alufanekanga. Kuphela iimeko ezingama-200 zeBalamuthia ziye zabikwa kwihlabathi jikelele. Kucinga ukuba usulelo luqaliswa yi-amoeba ehlasela isikhumba okanye ngokubangela i-cysts ephuma emoyeni ngomlomo okanye ekhaleni. Iimpawu zifana ne-Acanthamoeba isifo. Ukuxilongwa kunzima kwaye kunokwenene unyango olungaqinisekanga, nangona isicatshulwa sokuphanda i-miltefosine kunye nezinye i-antitifungal kunye ne-antibiotics ingasetyenziswa.
Sappinia
I-Sappinia yi-amoeba ebangela i-encephalitis, kwaye kukho kuphela enye imeko echazwe kwihlabathi. Kulo mntu ochaphazelekayo, i-amoeba yabangela ubunzima obunye kwi-lobe ye-temporal.
Isigulane siphucule emva kokuphathwa kunye nokudibanisa iziyobisi, ezibandakanya i-antibiotics kunye neyeza zokubulala.
Okukwintsusa
Ezi amoeba izifo zingabonakali ngokwaneleyo ukwenza iindaba xa zivela. Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuba ngelixa ezo zifo zibaluleke kakhulu, amathuba okuba umntu uya kufumana usulelo olunjalo. Oko kuthethwa, ngenxa yokuba izifo ziyingozi kakhulu xa zenzeka, kubalulekile ukuba oogqirha bangayihoyi ukuba kungenzeka ukuba isigulane sabo sine-amoeba kwinkqubo yabo yeentlaba.
Imithombo:
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Balamuthia mandrillaris - I-Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis (GAE).
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. AmaPaasites - Acathamoeba - I-Granulomatous Amebic Encephalitis (GAE); Keratitis.
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. I-Naegleria fowleri - i- Amebic Meninoencephalitis yasePrayimari (PAM) - i-Amebic Encephalitis: unyango.
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. Sappinia - Amebe Encephalitis.
Gelman, BB, et al. (2001). Amoebic encephalitis ngenxa yeSpediidea yeSappinia. JAMA, 285: 2450.
Huang, ZH, Ferrante, A., Carter, RF (1999). Ama-antibodies e-Serum ku-Balamuthia mandrillaris, i-amoeba e-free-live ebonakaliswe kutshanje kubangele i-granulomatous encephalitis. I-Journal of Infectious Diseases , 179: 1305.
Schuster, FL, & Visvesvara, GS (2004). I-amoebae yama-Free-living njenge-opportunistic and non-opportunistic infathogens yabantu kunye nezilwanyana. Journal International for Parasitology, 34: 1001.
Siddiqui, R., & Khan, NA (2014). I-meningoencephalitis yaseprayimay Primary eyabangelwa yiNaegleria fowleri : Intshaba endala ibonisa imingeni emitsha. I-PLoS ilahlekelwe zizifo ezitshatyalaliswayo , i- Aug; 8 (8): e3017.