Isifo se-Kawasaki (KD), esibizwa nangokuthi i-lymph node syndrome, isifo esiqhaqhaqhayo esibangelwayo esingabonakaliyo, esona sithintela iintsana nabantwana. Isifo se-Kawasaki sisifo esingenakubalwa, esihlala malunga neentsuku ezili-12. Ngelishwa, ke ke, abantwana abanezifo ze-Kawasaki abangakhange baphathwe kakubi banokujamelana neengxaki ezingapheliyo zengqondo, ikakhulukazi iintsholongwane ze- coronary arteries , ezingakhokelela ekuhlaselweni kwentliziyo kunye nokufa kwegazi ngokukhawuleza .
Iimpawu
Ngokuqinisekileyo, iimpawu zesifo se-Kawasaki ziquka ukukhupha komkhuhlane, ukugqithisa, ukubomvu kwamehlo, ukuvutha kwamathambo e-lymph endaweni yentamo, iintende ezibomvu kunye neengqungquthela, ukuvuvuka kwezandla kunye neenyawo, kunye ne- tachycardia (inqanaba lentliziyo elikhawulezayo) elingaphandle kwenani kwinqanaba lomkhuhlane. La bantwana bahlala begula kakhulu, kwaye abazali babo bavame ukuqonda isidingo sokubahambisa kudokotela.
Le nto yinto entle kuba uvavanyo olufanelekileyo kunye nokunyanga umntwana ekuqaleni kwe-gamma globulin (IVIG) lunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekukhuseleni iingxaki zexesha elide.
Iingxaki zeCardiac Complications
Ngexesha lokugula kanzima, imithana yegazi kulo lonke umzimba iyavutha (imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- vasculitis ). Le vasculitis ingavelisa iingxaki ezininzi zeengqondo, kuquka i-tachycardia; ukuvuvukala kwesisu senhliziyo (i- myocarditis ), apho kwezinye iimeko kunokukhokelela kwisifo esibi, esisongela ubomi entliziyweni ; kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwamatral .
Xa isifo esiqhekezayo siphantsi, ezi ngxaki zihlala zisombulula.
Iingxaki zeCardia
Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantwana abanezifo ze-Kawasaki, njengabagulayo njengabo, benza kakuhle xa isigulo esiphezulu siphelile. Nangona kunjalo, malunga nabantwana abathathu abanezifo ze-Kawasaki abangakhange baphathwa nge-IVIG baya kuphuhlisa i-coronary artery aneurysms (CAA).
Ezi zine-aneurysms - ukuhluthwa kwesahlulo se-artery - kunokukhokelela ekuthandeni nasekukhuselweni komthamo, kubangela ukuba i-myocardial infarction (intliziyo yehlaselo). Ukuhlasela kwentliziyo kunokwenzeka nanini na, kodwa umngcipheko uphezulu phakathi kwenyanga okanye ezimbini emva kwesifo esibi se-Kawasaki. Umngcipheko uhlala uphakamileyo malunga neminyaka emibini, ngoko uyancipha kakhulu.
Ukuba i-CAA idale, kunjalo, umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo uhlala ubuncinane ngokuphakanyiswa ngonaphakade. Ukongezelela, abantu abane-CAA kubonakala benyamekela ukuphuhlisa i- atherosclerosis engaphambi kwexesha okanye kufuphi nesiza se-aneurysm.
I-CAA ngenxa yesifo se-Kawasaki ibonakala iyona exhaphakileyo kubantu base-Asia, isiqithi sase-Pacific, iSpanishi, okanye isizwe saseMelika.
Abantu abanesifo senhliziyo ngenxa ye-CAA baxhomekeke kwiingxaki ezifana nezo zinezifo ezingaphezulu kwe -coronary disease - kuquka ukuhluleka kwentliziyo kunye nokufa kwegazi ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuthintelwa kweengxaki zeCardiac
Uphulo lwangokokuqala kunye ne-IVIG luye lwaboniswa ukuba lusebenza kakuhle ekukhuseleni i-coronary artery aneurysms. Kodwa nangona i-IVIG isetyenziswe ngempumelelo, kubalulekile ukuvavanya abantwana abanesifo se-Kawasaki ukuba kwenzeke i-CAA.
I-Echocardiography inceda kakhulu kule nkalo ukususela ngo-CAA ngokuqhelekileyo kunokufunyanwa ngovavanyo lwe-echo.
Uvavanyo lwe-echo lufanele lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza xa ukuxilongwa kwesifo se-Kawasaki senziwa, kwaye emva kweeveki ezimbalwa kwiinyanga ezimbini ezizayo. Ukuba i-CAA ifumaneke ukuba ikhoyo, i-echo inokulinganisela ubukhulu bayo (i-aneurysms ezinkulu ziyingozi kakhulu). Kungenzeka ukuba uvavanyo olongezelelweyo luya kufuneka, mhlawumbi ngovavanyo loxinzelelo okanye ukunyanyiswa komzimba , ukunceda ukuhlola ubunzima be-aneurysm.
Ukuba i-CAA ikhona, unyango nge-aspirin ye-dose ephantsi (ukukhusela i-thrombosis) ngokuqhelekileyo imiselwe. Kule meko, umntwana kufuneka abe neentsholongwane zentsholongwane zonyaka ukukhusela umkhuhlane kunye nokuphepha kweReye's Syndrome .
Ngamanye amaxesha i-CAA inzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba utyando lwe-coronary up-to-break surgery kufuneka luqwalaselwe.
Abazali bezingane abane-CAA kufuneka baqaphele imiqondiso ye- angina okanye i-heart attack. Kubantwana abancinci kakhulu, oku kunokuba ngumngeni, kwaye abazali baya kufuneka bajonge i-nasusea engachazwanga okanye ukuhlanza, i-pallor engachazwanga okanye i-sweating, okanye ingabonakali kunye nexesha elide lokukhala.
Isishwankathelo
Ngonyango lwangoku lwezifo ze-Kawasaki, iingxaki ezinzima, ezide zangexesha elide zingagwenywa kwiimeko ezininzi. Ukuba isifo se-Kawasaki sikhokelela kwi-CAA, nangona kunjalo, ukuvavanya nokunyango kunokuthi kuthintele imiphumo emibi.
Isisitshixo sokuthintela ingxaki yomzimba kunye nesifo seKawasaki kukuba abazali baqinisekise ukuba abantwana babo bavavanywa ngokukhawuleza naluphi na ugulo olunzima olufana nesifo seKawasaki, okanye, ngenxa yeso sifo, nasiphi na isifo esibuhlungu esibheke kubo ukuba sibe nzima kakhulu.
Umthombo:
Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Gerber MA, et al. Ukuxilongwa, unyango kunye nolawulo olude lwexesha le-Kawasaki: isitethi seengcali zezempilo ezivela kwiKomidi ye-Rheumatic Fever, i-Endocarditis kunye ne-Kawasaki Disease, iBhunga kwiZifo zeCardiovascular in the Young, American Heart Association. Uhambo luka-2004; 110: 2747.
Isifo seKawasaki. Ku: Incwadi Ebomvu: Inkcazo ka-2015 yeKomidi yezifo ezithathelwanayo, 30, i-Kimberlin DW, i-Brady MT, i-Jackson MA, i-SS SS (i-Eds), i-American Academy ye-Pediatrics, i-Elk Grove Village, IL 2015. iphe.