I-valve ephumayo ingakhokelela ekwenzeni umonakalo wentliziyo kunye nokungaphumeleli
Ukubuyiswa kwe-Mitral kwenzeka xa intliziyo ye-mitral valve ingasondeli kakuhle, ivumela igazi ukuba livuke (regurgitate) libuyele kwi-heart chamber. Ukubuyiselwa kwe-Mitral akuyona nje into eqhelekileyo yintliziyo ye-valve engaqhelekanga, ingaba yinto enzima kakhulu ukuyihlola nokuyiphatha.
Ukuqonda ukubuyiswa kweMitral
I-valral valve ihlukanisa i-atrium ekhohlo yentliziyo ukusuka kwi-ventricle ekhohlo.
Xa iikontraki ze-atrium ezisekhohlo, i-valve ye-mitral ivula ukuvumela igazi kwi-ventricle engasekhohlo. Xa iikontraki ze-ventricle ezisekhohlo, i-valve iyavalwa ukukhusela ukuphuma kwegazi.
Kwi-mitral regurgation, i-valve ephumayo ifaka ingcinezelo entliziyweni engakhokelela ekukhuliseni intliziyo yesigxina kunye nexesha elide, umonakalo ongenakucinganiswa.
Kukho inani leemeko ezinokuthi zenziwe ngokutsha kwakhona:
- I-Mitral valve i-prolapse (i-valging ye-valve "iingcango")
- I-Endocarditis (kuquka ukusuleleka kwintliziyo yamagavane)
- I-myocardial infarction (intliziyo yehlaselo)
- I-cardiomyopathy (dilation of heart)
- I-cardiomyopathy ye-Hypertrophic (ukuqina kwenhliziyo)
- Isifo senhliziyo yesifo se-Rheumatic (ikakhulukazi esibonakala kumazwe asakhulayo)
Iingxaki zeMitral Regurgitation
Ukubuyiswa kwe-Mitral ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimeko engapheliyo eyenzeka ngokukhawuleza kwixesha leminyaka. Ngeli xesha, uxinzelelo kwi-atrium ekhohlo luya kunyuka ngenxa yegazi elongezelelweyo elibuyiswe kwakhona kwigumbi.
Emva kwexesha, olu xinzelelo luya kwenza intliziyo ikhulise. Xa oku kwenzeka, umntu uya kufumana amava:
- Dyspnea (ukuphefumula okufutshane)
- I-fibrillation ye-Atrial (i-heart beat)
- ISyncope (ukuphelelwa amandla)
Ukubuyiswa kwe-mitral engapheliyo kwandisa i-ventricle engxenyeni yekhohlo, iphoqa ukuba isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi emzimbeni.
Lo msebenzi owongezelelekileyo unokubangela ukuba imisipha iqhube, iholele ekwandiseni kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, i-heart failure. Ngethuba le nto ivela, i-muscle ivame ukulimala ngokungenakuphikiswa, ukwenza ukutshintshwa kwevavve konke kunobungozi.
Kwixesha eliqhelekileyo, ukuphindaphinda kwe-mitral kunokuhlakulela ngokukhawuleza, ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa kwintliziyo yesiganeko esibi se-endocarditis. Ukuba oko kwenzeka, kuya kubangela ukuba i -edema ye-pulmonary (i-buildup ye-fluid emaphaphu) kunye nokuphahla kwingozi kwipembelelo yegazi. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-mitration rhoqo kuhlala kuthathwa njengengxamisekileyo yonyango kwaye, ukuba ingaphathwa ngokukhawuleza, kunokubangela ukufa.
Ukunyangwa kweMetral Regurgitation
Utyando lwe-mitral regurgation luya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwisigaba sokugula kunye nesimo senhliziyo ngokwazo. Ekubeni yinkinga echaphazela umatshini we-valve, unyango luya kudla rhoqo kunokubandakanya ukuhlinzwa.
Izindlela ezimbini zokuhlinzwa zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo:
- Ukutshintshwa kwe-valve ye-Mitral kuqukwa nokusetyenziswa kwe-valve eyenziwe ngumntu okanye i-valve yenhliziyo ethathwe kwisilwanyana (ngokuqhelekileyo ihagu). Nangona bobabini banokusebenza ngokulinganayo, ukuvala i-clotting kuqhelekileyo kwiimvenge zogqirha kwaye kufuna imithi engapheliyo ukuba igxothe igazi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iiphini zogcino zihlala ixesha elide ukwenzela ukuba zilungele izigulane ezincinci ezingaphantsi kwama-65.
- Ukulungisa i-Mitral valve kudinga ukuba ugqirha ukuba abuyele kwakhona i-valve ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa ukubuyiswa kwakhona. Yinkqubo enekhono efuna i-expert specialist. Ngokubanzi, ukufa ngenxa yokuhlinzwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuncinci kunokutshintshwa kweseva kwaye kunika ixesha elide lokuphila. Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokusebenza kuyakufuneka kwenziwe ukuba kuthathe isigqibo sokuba ngaba ukulungiswa kuyindlela efanelekileyo.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango kwi-Mitral Regurgitation
Kukho amaxesha apho umntu angabi ngumviwa wokuhlinzwa. Kwimeko enjalo, unyango luya kujoliswa ekunciphiseni iimpawu kunye / okanye ukunciphisa uxinzelelo entliziyweni. Phakathi kweendlela ezikhoyo:
- I-Vasodilators (uhlobo lwesilwanyana esisetyenziselwa ukuphucula imithana yegazi) ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa kodwa angenzi nto encinci ukuphucula iziphumo ezide. I-ACE inhibitors ezifana neVasotec (i-enalapril) okanye iCototen (i-captopril) yinto ekhethekileyo.
- Ukuguqulwa kwamagciwane e-cardiac (CRT) kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-pacemaker ekhethekileyo ehamba ngee-ventricles ezifanelekileyo kunye nekhohlo ngexesha elifanayo. I-CRT isoloko isetyenziswa xa kukho ukukhuliswa kwe-ventricular.
- I-Endocarditis prophylaxis ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics ukukhusela intsholongwane entliziyweni yangaphakathi. Namhlanje isetyenziswe kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo.
> Imithombo
- > Bonow, R .; Carabello, B; Chatterjee, K .; okqhubekayo. "Ukuhlaziywa okugxininiswe kufakwe kwi-ACC / AHA 2006 izikhokelo zokulawula izigulane ezine-valvular isifo senhliziyo: ingxelo ye-American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines." Ukuhamba . 2008; 118: e523.
- > Vahanian, A .; Baumgartner, H .; Bax, J; okqhubekayo. "Izikhokelo zokulawulwa kwezifo zentliziyo ye-valvular: IQela lokuSebenza kwi-Valvular Heart Disease ye-European Society of Cardiology." European Heart Journal . 2007; 28: 230.