Iigonti zingakhusela ngokuchanekileyo i-MS kwakhona, ngokungezelelwe kwizifo ezinzulu
Ngenxa yokukhathazeka kwangaphambili ukuba ezinye izitofu zingenza ukuba i-sclerosis ephindwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo , abantu abaninzi baye bafumana isimo sengqondo xa befumana ukufumana amagonyo.
Inyaniso kukuba izifundo zenzululwazi ayibonakali nxu lumano phakathi kokugonywa nesitofu sokugonya kwaye unobungozi obandayo bokuxhatshazwa kwe-MS, okanye akukho zifundo nje eziye zenzelwe ukubonisa ukuba unxibelelwano.
Ngoko nayiphi na inkxalabo "inxungulo" iyicacisa ngaphandle kwenkxaso yenzululwazi.
Enyanisweni, izitofu zibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni izifo, ezinye zazo zingasongela ubomi abantu abane- MS . Oku kungenxa yokuba umntu one-MS unokufumana isistim somzimba esicuthakathaka ekuthathe i-steroids kunye / okanye ethile imichiza yokuguqula izifo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuthatha isifo kunokunokubangela ukuba i-MS iphinde iphinde ibuyele-i-double whammy emzimbeni wakho.
Nangona ugqirha wakho kufuneka azi ukuba yeyiphi iigcino onokuyenza kwaye akanako, kukulungele ukuba nolwazi ngokwakho, njengokuba kukho ezinye iingcamango ezingalunganga (nakwiindawo zonyango). Ngokucacileyo, ukuqonda inyaniso emva kwokhuseleko lokugonya kungasindisa ubomi kuwe okanye wakho othandekayo.
Iimpawu ezikhuselekileyo kubantu abane-MS
Isifo sokukhusela i-Flu
Amaziko okuLawula nokuVimbela izifo (CDC) uncoma isifo sokugonya somkhuhlane ngamnye kunyaka ngamnye kwinyanga ezintandathu nangaphezulu.
Ukufumana imfucuza yomkhuhlane kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis ethatha i- immunosuppressants (njenge-steroids engapheliyo okanye ezithile zonyango ezifana noNovantrone). Nangona kulunge ukufumana intsholongwane yakho idutshulwa ngo-Oktobha, kamva kulunge kunanini.
Isizathu sokuba nayiphi na umntu one-MS (kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi imishanguzo yokuguqula izifo ezithathayo) unokufumana ukutshatyalaliswa komkhuhlane wegciwane ngenxa yokuba ayikho igciwane eliphilayo.
Okukuphela kwento yokuba abantu baseLimtrada (alemtuzumab) kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba bafumana umkhuhlane batyhila iiveki ezintandathu ngaphambi kokunyuswa kwabo kweLimtrada. Oku kuya kuphucula amandla omzimba wakho wokuzivikela ekusebenzeni ngokufanelekileyo izifo ezikhuselekileyo malunga nesifo sengculazi.
Isifo sokugonya umkhuhlane weFluMist kunye ne-Fluzone high dose igciwane lokugonya umkhuhlane awukhuthazwa kubantu abane-MS. I-FluMist iqulethe i-virus egxininisiweyo (esithetha intsholongwane yatshintshiswa ngoko ithathaka, kodwa isaphila). Ngoko oku akunakucetyiswa ngabantu abaneendlela ezikhuselekayo zokuzivikela, njengoko kungenza bagule.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba i-CDC okwangoku ayikhuthazi i-FluMist kunoma yimuphi umntu (kungakhathaliseki ukuba namandla omzimba wayo omzimba) ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokusebenza kwayo.
I-Fluzone ayinakusebenza (ingenayo i-virus ephilayo) yokugonya kodwa ngokubanzi ikhuthazwa kuba bantu abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu, njengoko iqulethe ezine-antigen. Oku kufuneke ukudala impendulo enamandla yomzimba kubantu abayifumanayo ekubeni isistim somzimba sithinteka ngokweminyaka.
Oko kushiwo, iNational MS Society ayicebisi i-Fluzone kubantu abane-MS, njengoko kungoku kungabikho uphando oluvavanya umphumo walo kubantu abane-MS.
I-Pneumovax 23 ne-Prevnar 13 I-Pneumococcal Vaccines
Izigulane ze-pneumococcal (zimbini) zikhusela kwiintlobo zebhaktheriya ezinokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-pneumonia, eyimpem Zomibini zezi zitofu zingasebenzi kwaye ziqwalaselwe zikhuselekileyo kubantu abane-MS. Ngelixa i-CDC incoma zonke izitofu kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu (nokuba ingaba bane-MS), i-American Academy ye-Neurology iphinda ikhuthaze izitofu kulabo abane-MS abaneengxaki zemiphunga, kunye / okanye abo basebenzisa isihlalo sabakhubazekile bonke ixesha okanye i-bed-bound.
I-TDAP (iTetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis) I-Vaccine
I-Tetanus iyintsholongwane ebangelwa ibhaktheriya iClostridium tetani, kwaye inokubangela ukuba i-muscle ibuhlungu, ixubane, ixinzelele, kunye neengxaki zokugwinya.
Inconywa ye-tetanus iyacetyiswa kuwo wonke umntu kwaye ayinayo igciwane eliphilayo. Kubantu abadala, i-vaccine ingenziwa ngokudibanisa ne-diphtheria (Td) okanye idibene ne-diphtheria ne-pertussis (Tdap). Igciwane le-pertussis likhusela kwi-bacterial infection ebizwa ngokuthi ukukhwehlela .
I-CDC icebisa ukuba bonke abantu abadala abaneminyaka elisithoba elinesibhozo okanye ngaphezulu bafumane i-dose ye-Tdap ukuba abazange bayifumane enye, kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-dose yokugqibela ye-TD yayingakanani. I-dose ye-TD isinconywa minyaka yonke elishumi.
I-Hepatitis B
I-vaccine ye-Hepatitis B iyigciwane lokungagcini (elingabulawa) elingenakwenziwa (elibuleweyo) elinikezwa njengamahlumela amathathu ukuya kwaneenyanga ezili-ezintandathu. Iintsana zinikezwa kuqala umthamo wokuqala we-hepatitis B ekuzalweni, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba bonke abantwana nabaselula abazange bafumane isitofu sokugonya, bagonywe.
Kubantu abadala abangagonyanga, i-CDC icebisa ukugonywa kwiindawo ezithile zabantu abathanda
- Abantu abaya kwiindawo apho kukho izinga lokunyuka kwe- hepatitis B
- Abantu abasebenza kumaziko ezonyango
- Abantu abaneqabane kunye ne-hepatitis B
- Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo zesibindi, isifo sesifo, i-HIV, okanye isifo sikashukela
Kukho uninzi lwabanye abantu abasengozini, kodwa nabani na othanda ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis B banokukufumana kwaye kufuneka bakufumene-kuquka abo abane-MS.
Iigonti ezinokuthi zikhuselekile kubantu abane-MS
Kukho inani lezitofu ezicatshangelwayo mhlawumbi zikhuselekile kubantu abane-MS. Kule meko, ukuba wena okanye othandekayo unayo i-MS, kukulungele ukuba uqale nencoko nodokotela wakho malunga nokukhuselwa kwegciwane ngaphambi kokufumana.
- Igciwane lokugonya
- Ukugonywa kwe-Measles-Mumps-Rubella
- Rabies
- Ukugonya kwe-Zoster
- I-Papillomavirus Vaccine (HPV)
- Polio
I-Varicella Vaccine
I-Varicella yintsholongwane ebangela inkukhu. Usenokumangaliswa xa ufumanisa ukuba isitofu sokugonywa kwe-varicella (i-virus egciniweyo ehleliyo) iyadingeka kubantu abaya kuthatha uGilyena (fingolimod) okanye uLimtrada (alemtuzumab) ngaphandle kokuba umntu sele evelele kwintlaka yenkukhu. Oogqirha banokuhlola ukuba umntu uye wavezwa (njengobuntwaneni) ngokukrazula isampula yegazi le-anti-varicella. Ukuba akukho mkhuhlane, igciwane le-varicella lilawulwa iiveki ezintandathu ngaphambi kokuqala imithi.
Iimfucu, i-Mumps, i-Vaccine ye-Rubella
Ukugonywa kwe-roule-mumps-rubella iyisitofu sokugonywa esichengileyo, ngoko kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele okokuqala. Oko kuthethwa, ngokwe-National MS Society, esi sigxina sinokukhuseleka kubantu abangathathi unyango olukhubaza isistim somzimba wabo (njengama-corticosteroids angapheliyo okanye ezinye izifo eziguqula izifo). Kwakhona, kukulungele ukulandela isiluleko se-neurologist yakho, njengoko igciwane eliphilayo lingabangela izifo.
IiRabies Vaccine
I-vaccine ye-rabies ikhusela isifo se-rabies, leyo yintsholongwane engatshatyalaliswayo xa umntu elunywe yisilwanyana esilulelekileyo (iilwane ziyimvelaphi eqhelekileyo). Ukugonya i-rabies yinto yokugonywa okanye yokubulala igciwane ukwenzela ukuba ayikwazi ukukunika i-rabies.
Esi sitofu sinikwa abantu abasengozini enkulu yokufumana eso sifo njengabagqirha bezilwanyana okanye abantu abahamba kwiindawo apho izidlova ziqhelekileyo. Inokunikwa kwakhona ukuba umntu sele sele ebonakaliswe kwi-rabies.
Ekubeni i-rabies isoloko ibulalayo, ingozi yengozi nayiphi na ingozi evela kwisitofu sokugonya ingaba nzima kakhulu.
I-Zoster Vaccine
I-vaccine ye-zoster (leyo inceda ukukhusela izibini zombini kunye neentlungu ezibuhlungu ezibizwa ngokuthi i- postherpetic neuralgia ) isitofu sokuphila, ngoko ke oogqirha bahlala beqaphele ekunikeni. Oko kuthethwa, kuthathwa ngathi kukhuselekile kunoma yimuphi umntu omdala oye waba nenkukhu, njengoko umzimba sele usukhuselekile. I-CDC icebisa ukugonya kwe-zoster kubantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-60 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu.
I-HPV Vaccine
Ukugonya kwe-HPV kunconywa kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-11 okanye eli-12 ubudala. Iyakunikwa uneminyaka engama-26 kwabasetyhini kunye neminyaka yobudala engama-21 kumadoda okanye iminyaka engama-26 ukuba indoda ilalana namanye amadoda okanye ine-HIV / AIDS. I-vaccine ye-HPV ikhusela iintsholongwane zomzimba, umdlavuza womlomo wesibeleko kunye nezinye izifo zomhlaza ezifana nesisu, i-penile, i-anal, nomlomo / umqala.
Igciwane lePolio
I-polio yintsholongwane echaphazela inkqubo yesantya. Uninzi lwabantu aludingi ukukhuselwa kwepilisi ngenxa yokuba bagonywe njengabantwana. Abahambi bamazwe ngamazwe bafuna i-booster dose xa behamba kwiindawo apho i-polio ikhona.
I-Vaccine ye-Yellow Fever ayinakukhuseleka kubantu abane-MS
Ucwaningo oluthile lwabantu abasixhenxe ngokuphindaphindiweyo-ukuphelisa i-sclerosis ezininzi kwandile ingozi enkulu yokubuyela kwisithuba seveki ezintandathu emva kokugonywa nge- yellow fever , usulelo olususwe ngummiyane kwiindawo ezithile zaseMzantsi Melika nase-Afrika.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iNational MS Society icebisa ukuba sinomngcipheko wokubonakalisa i-yellow fever xa uhamba nomngcipheko womntu wokuba ne-MS flare. Esi sisigqibo esiqatha kunye nesinye sodwa esifanele sixoxwe ngokucokisekileyo nangomdlavuza wegazi.
ILizwi
Uphando olungakumbi lokugonywa ngabantu abane-MS luya kunceda, ngakumbi iinjongo ezinzulu ezihlola inzuzo ye-vaccin echaphazelekayo kubantu abane-MS ngokumalunga nalabo baphilile (njengokuba umntu onama-MS angazakhela iimpendulo ezikhuselekileyo kumzimba wokugonya. umntu ophilileyo).
Kakade, oku kulukhuni kuba kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezinjengelifo lokuguqula isifo umntu uthatha okanye ixesha lokukhutshwa kwegciwane.
Ngokomzekelo, isicatshulwa esilungisa isistim somzimba (njengeCopaxone okanye unyango lwe-interferon) ngokuchasene nesilwanyana esithintela isistim somzimba (njenge-steroids, i-Lemtrada, okanye i-Novantrone) inokuchaphazela ukuba umntu uphendula njani kwisigontsho.
Umfanekiso omkhulu apha kukuba iigcino zinceda abantu abane-MS njengoko banokuthintela ukusuleleka kwiintsholongwane ezinokuthi zenze ii-flares. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba uthethe kwi-neurologist yakho, njengoko kukho iziganeko ezibandakanyekayo-njengobungozi obungabonakaliyo kwisitofu sokuphila okanye nokuba unobungozi obutshanje.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. (Meyi 2016). Iigonyana kunye nokuGonwa.
> Mailand MT, uFrederiksen JL. Iigonti kunye ne-Multiple Sclerosis: Uhlolo lokuHlola. J Neurol. 2016 Septemba 7.
> I-MS Society Society. (2016). Iigonya.
> Williamson EM, uChahin S, uBerger JR. Iigciwane kwi-Multiple Sclerosis. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep . 2016 kuMatshi; 16 (4): 36.