Ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga neNyathelo eLawulayo yonyango
Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba une-multiple sclerosis (MS), unyango olufanelekileyo lunokwenza umehluko omkhulu kwimpilo yakho yonke kunye nomgangatho wobomi. Amachiza ekunakekeleni i-MS, eyaziwayo ngokubodwa njengezifo eziguqula izifo, ayinyani kwigama labo-ayitshintsha ikhondo langempela le-MS ngokunciphisa inani kunye nokuphindaphindiweyo kwezilonda ezintsha kwiingqondo kunye nasentolongeni, ngokukodwa ezibangelwa ukubuyela kwakhona.
Ziyiphucula kakhulu kwindlela eyedlule yokuphatha i-MS- ngokuqhelekileyo ukudibanisa i- corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukubuyela kwakhona, imishanguzo yokujongana neempawu ezahlukileyo, kunye neyonyango yomzimba kunye nokusebenza.
Imithi nganye yokuguqula isifo se-MS iyenzeka into efanayo kodwa kukho ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo okumele kuthathelwe kuyo njengoko wena kunye nodokotela wakho nisenza ukuba yintoni enye indlela yokwenza unyango olungcono kuwe. Phakathi kwezinye izinto oza kucinga ukujonga uhlobo lwe-MS onayo, kulula kangakanani ukuba isilwanyana sisetyenziswe, iimiphumo ezingasenokwenzeka, kunye nendlela ekufuneka uhlolisiswe ngayo ngokukhawuleza.
I-Avonex (i-interferon beta-1a)
I-Interferon liyinxalenye yeprotheni ngokwemvelo eyenziwa ngumzimba. I-Avonex yenziwe kule protein kwaye ine-acino acids efanayo. Isebenza ngokunciphisa impendulo yomzimba yomzimba ongakwazi ukuhlasela amangqamuzana omzimba emzimbeni wakho.
- Nguwuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphatha ngayo? Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kwe-MS; ngamanye amaxesha unikezelwa kubantu abaye bakrokrelwa ukuba ne-MS kodwa abazange bafumaneke.
- Iphumelele kangakanani? I-Avonex iboniswe ukunciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngama-30 ekhulwini.
- Unikwa njani? Kanye ngeveki ngesilenze se-siruscular, ngokuqhelekileyo ekhaya.
- Ziziphi iziphumo ezibi? Izimpawu ezinjenge-Flu phakathi kweeveki zokuqala-ngamanye amaxesha. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zixinzelelo kunye nesifo esingasebenzi.
- Ukuqapha: Abafazi abakhulelwe okanye abazama ukukhulelwa akufanele bathathe i-Avonex. Akuyona into enhle abantu abanokuxilongwa, ukuxhalabisa, okanye abanenkathazo yokulala. Akunakulungelekile abantu abaneengxaki ze-thyroid, i-anemia, i-bruising elula, okanye imbali yokubamba, iingxaki zeentliziyo, okanye izifo zesibindi.
I-Betaseron (i-interferon beta-1b)
I-Betaseron yenziwe kwenye uhlobo lwe-interferon eyenzeka ngokwemvelo. NjengeAvonex, isebenza ngokuhlalutya iimpendulo zomzimba zomzimba ezingakwazi ukuhlasela amangqamuzana omzimba emzimbeni wakho.
- Ziziphi iintlobo ze-MS eziphathayo? Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona-ukubuyisela kunye nokuqhubeka-ukubuyela kwakhona.
- Iphumelele kangakanani? I-Betaseron inokunciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngama-30 ekhulwini.
- Kuthathwa njani? Ngaphantsi (ngaphantsi kwesikhumba) Sinjection yonke imihla, edlalwa ekhaya.
- Ziziphi iziphumo ezibi? Ngexesha leveki ezimbalwa zokuqala, mhlawumbi ixesha elide, unokuba nezibonakaliso ezifana nezifo. Kananjalo unakho ukuphendula kwisayithi yomjovo, njengokuvuvukala, ubomvu, nentlungu. Unokukujikeleza ngoku ngokujikeleza phakathi kweendawo ezahlukeneyo zokungena. Abanye abantu bathatha iBetaseron baxinezeleka.
- Ukuqapha: I- Betaseron ayikhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngoko ke ukuba ungumfazi ophethe ngokwesondo kufuneka usebenzise uhlobo oluthembekileyo lokulawula ukuzalwa ngenkathi uthabatha. Kufuneka ufumane iimvavanyo zegazi rhoqo ukujonga ilungu, i-thyroid, kunye nokubala kwegazi.
I-Copaxone (i-acetate ye-glatiramer)
I-Copaxone (i-acetate ye-glatiramer) yenziwe kwi-amino acids ethile efunyenwe kwi- myelin ekucingeni ukunceda ukutshintsha i-immune system ukuba ibangele ukuvuvukala ngezilonda zonyango ukuze kuncitshiswe.
- Nguwuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphatha ngayo? Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona-ukubuyisela.
- Iphumelele kangakanani? Iyanciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngama-30 ekhulwini.
- Kuthathwa njani? Ngaphantsi (ngaphantsi kwesikhumba) injola imihla ngemihla, ekhaya.
- Ziziphi iziphumo ezibi? Ukuphendulelwa kwendawo ye-injection kungenzeka, kuquka ukuvuvukala, ubomvu, nentlungu. Izingosi zokungena kufuneka zijikelezwe.
- Ukuqapha: Njengamanye amaninzi amachiza alo hlobo, iCopaxone ayikhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Novantrone (mitoxantrone)
Olu unyango lwe-MS lu-antineoplastic, uhlobo lwamayeza lokuqala asetyenziswa ukunyanga umdlavuza. I-Novantrone isebenza kwi-MS ngokunciphisa izinto kwi-immune system ezingahlasela i-myelin.
- Nguwuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphatha ngayo? I-Secondary-progressive -re -psing, kunye nezinye iintlobo zokubuyisela kwakhona-ukubuyisela.
- Iphumelele kangakanani? Kwisifundo seminyaka emibili apho uNovantrone wayefaniswa ne-placebo, isilwanyana sanciphisa inani lokubuyela kwakhona kwaye lwandise inani lexesha phakathi kwabo. Abantu abasesigxina ababethatha iNovantrone nabo banokunciphisa ama-61 ekhulwini ekudakaleni kokukwazi ukuhamba kunye nokukhubazeka okungaphantsi kwe-neurological.
- Kuthathwa njani? Uya kufuneka ufike kwiofisi yakho ugqirha okanye kwenye indawo yonyango emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukufumana ukungena kweNovantrone kwangaphakathi.
- Ziziphi iziphumo ezibi? Isisindo, ukulahleka kweenwele , ukuphazamiseka kokuya esikhathini. Ukuba umkhuhlane, ukubola, intlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu zenzeka, kufuneka uxele ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuqapha: Ngexesha elidlulileyo uNovantrone ingabangela umonakalo wentliziyo, ngoko kunomda wokuba umntu angaphathwa njani ixesha elide- kungabi ngaphezu kweesibhozo ezi-8 ukuya kwe-12 ngexesha lekhosi ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu. Kwakhona kunciphisa impendulo yomzimba, awufumani naluphi uhlobo lokugonywa ngaphandle kokufumana ukukhanya okuluhlaza kumgqirha wakho kuqala. I-Novantrone ayikhuselekile kubafazi abakhulelweyo okanye abanamntwana.
Rebif (i-interferon beta-1a)
I-Rebif yinkqubo yesithathu ye-interferon-based based medication for treating MS.
- Nguwuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphatha ngayo? Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona-ukubuyisela.
- Iphumelele kangakanani? Iyanciphisa izinga lokuphindaphinda ngama-30 ekhulwini.
- Kuthathwa njani? Ngaphantsi (ngaphantsi kwesikhumba) injoyi kathathu ngeveki. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwe ekhaya.
- Ziziphi iziphumo ezibi? Izimpawu ezinjenge-Flu kwiiveki zokuqala.
- Ukuqapha: I- Rebif ayiyilunganga lokukhetha unyango kuwe xa ukhulelwe okanye unesi. Unokufuneka ufumane iimvavanyo zegazi ukwenzela ukuba uqiniseke ukuba imishanguzo ayinakuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesibindi , ukubala kwegazi, okanye umsebenzi we-thyroid.
Tysabri (natalizumab)
I-Tysabri yintsholongwane ye- monoclonal eyenza kube nzima ukuba iiseli ze- immune system ziqhubekele engqondweni nasemgodleni .
- Nguwuphi uhlobo lwe-MS oluphatha ngayo? Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona-ukubuyisela i-multiple sclerosis engazange iphendulwe kwezinye iyeza.
- Iphumelele kangakanani? Ihlisa isantya se-MS kwakhona ngama-60 ekhulwini.
- Kuthathwa njani? Ngaphandle kweeveki ezine kwiofisi yegqirha okanye kwenye indawo yonyango.
- Ziziphi iziphumo ezibi? I-Tysabri ingabangela intloko, intlungu, ukukhathala, ukuxinezeleka, kunye nesifo sohudo. Abanye abantu baneempembelelo ezichanekileyo kwiyeza.
- Ukuqapha: I- Tysabri yandisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi- leprophytic leukoencephalopathy (PML) ehamba phambili engakhokelela ekukhubazekeni okanye ekufeni. Ngenxa yolu hlobo, inkqubo yokubeka iliso eyinkqubo imiselwe abantu abathatha iTysabri . Akulona unyango olukhuselekileyo kubantu abane-immune system okanye abafazi abakhulelweyo okanye abancelisayo.
> Umthombo:
> ISikole kaZwelonke seNational and Disorders and Stroke. "Multiple Sclerosis: Ithemba Ngophando."