Ukususela ekubeni unyana wam autistic, uTom, waba ngumntwana osemncinci, ndandiva malunga nokubaluleka kwe "I-Skills Living Skills". Njengomama omhle, ewe, ndifuna uTom ukuba aphile ngokuzimeleyo ngokunokwenzeka- ngoko ke ndaqala ukukhangela kwingcaciso yeZakhono zoBomi ezizimeleyo ukufumana ukuba yintoni eli gama lithetha. Ndaqala ukucinga ukuba "i-Independent Living Skills" ebhekiselelwe kuphela kwizakhono eziselula kunye nabantu abadala abasweleyo ukuba bafikelele emini - kodwa zikhona (okanye zinokuba) ngakumbi.
Iintlobo zeZakhono zoBomi ezizimeleyo
Into yokuqala endiyifunayo kukuba igama elithi "izakhono zokuzimela ezizimeleyo" alisebenzisiyo yonke indawo - kwaye xa lisetyenziswe, lithetha izinto ezahlukeneyo kubantu abahlukeneyo. Kukho amanqaku amaninzi okuhlola kunye neemvavanyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iZakhono zoPhila ezizimeleyo zidilizwe phantsi kwezinye iindidi zezakhono ezithintekayo - ezifana:
- Izakhono zobomi (ngokuqhelekileyo iintsuku zobomi kwizakhono zemihla ezifana nokukwazi ukungena ngasese, ukugqoka, ukutya, njl)
- Izakhono zokusebenza (ngokuqhelekileyo amandla okusebenza kwisimo esifanelekileyo njengendawo yokufundela, indawo yokutya, ibhasi, njl. Ngaphandle kokufuna inkxaso ekhethekileyo ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo kwaye uthathe amanyathelo afanelekileyo; ukwenza indlela yakho yokutya kwiziko lokutya kuya kuba yinto esebenzayo)
- Izakhono zokuzonwabisa okanye zokuzonwabisa (ziyahluka ngokubanzi, kodwa zibandakanya ukuya kuma-movie, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yezemidlalo, ukuya kwilayibrari, njalonjalo.)
- Iingqesho okanye izakhono zobuchule (yonke into ukusuka ekuziphatheni nasekugqokeni ngokufanelekileyo ukufika emsebenzini ngexesha, ukusebenzisana nabanye kwindawo yomsebenzi, nokwenza umsebenzi)
- Izakhono zentlalo okanye izakhono zobuntu (oku kuthetha ukuba kubingelela abantu ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa kunokubandakanya nantoni na ekuthandaneni ubudlelwane obusondeleyo kwiindlela ezifanelekileyo zokusebenzisana nomqeqeshi okanye ilungu lomnye umntu)
- Izakhono zobugcisa (ungasebenzisa iselfowuni? Ikhompyutheni? Unokujonga ulwazi, ukuhlawula izinto kwi-intanethi, njl?)
Ngamanye ala maqela ezakhono, eqinisweni, zenziwa ngamacandelo amaninzi amakhono. Ukuya kumabhayisikobho, umzekelo, kunokubandakanya ukukwazi ukufumana ukuba i-movie idlala, yiya kwi-movie ngexesha, uhlawule ithikithi, uthenge i-snack, ubukele ifilimu ngokufanelekileyo, uze ufike ekhaya kwakhona. Kwakhona kunokuquka ukugqoka kunye nokuzilungisa ngaphambi kokuba ushiye indlu, uqinisekise ukuba umnyango uvalelwe (kodwa ezo zihluthulelo zikwiphepha lakho) njalonjalo.
Uvavanyo lwaBantwana bakho
Ngenxa yokuba akukho bani uvavanyo olunikezwa kulo lonke ibhodi, iimvavanyo ezithile ezinikezelweyo okanye umntwana wakho zingasetyenziswa kwaye zijoliswe kuwo wonke umntu oneminyaka eyi-14 ukuya ku-22 (okanye ngaphezulu). Ngenxa yoko, ezinye zeemvavanyo zibonakala zibandakanya ngokupheleleyo isakhono ngasinye umntu okhulileyo ohlala esakhe kwikhaya lakhe engenakho inkxaso enokuyidinga ukuze athathe inxaxheba kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi.
Nangona ezinye zezakhono ezichazwe zizinto ezisisiseko (izinwele zokuxubha, umzekelo), ezininzi izakhono ezichazwe kule mvavanyo zingaphezulu kwe-99% yabaselula okanye abantu abadala abasenokuba bacinga ukwenza. Uvavanyo lweZakhono zoBomi obuSebenzayo, umzekelo, luqala ngeendlela ezisisiseko - ucoceko, ukugqoka, ukutya, ukulungisa - kodwa ke kuya phambili kwizakhono eziphambili kakhulu ezivela kwiinkcukacha ezichanekileyo zokulungiswa kwekhaya ukukwazi ukujongana nokukhawuleza kwezokwelapha.
Kwinqanaba, emva kokuthatha omnye okanye omnye uVavanyo loVavanyo lweZakhono zoBomi, i-IEP iqela (okanye elinye iqela lokunceda ukuba umntu ungaphezu kwe-22) liya kusekela izicwangciso ezithile zokufundisa ezo zakhono. Ngaloo ndlela, kumntu ongakakwazi ukulawula indawo yokutya, iinjongo zinokudiliza izakhono ukuba zibandakanye ukuthatha i-tray, ukwenza ukhetho olunesondlo, ukuhlawula ukutya, ukuthatha ukutya kwitheyibhile, ukutya ngokufanelekileyo, uze udibanise ngokufanelekileyo. itafile. Loo mntu unokuba neenjongo ezongezelelweyo ezihambelana nokunxibelelana, ukuhamba, kunye nokunye.
Isinyathelo sokuqala ekufumaneni iinjongo kunye nokuxhasa okusekweyo kukuthatha iimvavanyo; ngamanyathelo alandelayo, nangona kunjalo, kunokuba kunzima ukufaka indawo.
Kunzima ukucinga nayiphi na inkqubo enokufundiswa nabani na indawo yonke yeZakhono zoLwazi ezizimeleyo - nangona kunjalo, ezinye ziphumelele.