I-Sialadentitis ukuvuvukala kweengqungquthela ze-salivary. Unobangela obuninzi, kubandakanya izifo okanye ukuphazamiseka. I-Sialadentitis ingaba yimiqathango emfutshane (ixesha elifutshane) imeko okanye imeko engapheliyo (ixesha elide). Kanti ngamanye amaxesha ikwahlulwa ngokugqithiseleyo ngengxaki echaphazelekayo efana ne-submandibular okanye i-parotid.
I-Acute Sialadentitis
I-sialadentitis eqhelekileyo ibangelwa kukusuleleka kubhaktheriya.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ichaphazela i- parotid gland (ekhoyo phambi kwendlebe) okanye i-submandibular gland (phantsi kwe-chin). Ukunyanzeliswa kwamanzi okanye umlomo owomileyo yizona zinto zibeka umngcipheko kwi-sialadentitis. Ngako oko, le meko ixhaphakile kubantu abaye bagula okanye bafumana imishanguzo eyenza umlomo owomileyo . Ukongeza, iimeko zonyango zilandelayo zibeka emngciphekweni ophezulu wokuphuhlisa i-sialadentitis enzima:
- iswekile yemellitus
- hypothyroidism
- Sjorgen's syndrome
- ukuhlinzwa kwangoku
- imbali yonyango lomlambo womlomo okanye umlomo womlomo
Iimpawu ze-sialadentitis ezinzima zingabandakanya:
- ubuhlungu obukhulu kunye nokuvuvukala kwe-gland echaphazelekayo ezayo ngokukhawuleza
- i-pus ingaphuma kwi-gland ngokukodwa xa ingqungquthela igxothwa okanye ixutywa
- Ubomvu besikhumba phezu kwentsimbi echaphazelekayo
- ifivil okanye i-chills
- Ingqungquthela inokuvakalelwa njengentonga elukhuni kwaye ibe nethenda kumgca
Ukuxilongwa kwe-sialadentitis enomdla kusekelwe kwimbali yakho yezonyango, iimpawu zakho kunye noviwo logqirha.
Ukuba ugqirha uyakwazi ukufumana isampula ye-pus kwi-gland echaphazelekayo ingathunyelwa kwibhubhoratri ukuze ichonge oko kubangela ukusuleleka. Le ngcaciso iluncedo ekunqumeni ikhosi efanelekileyo yokunyango. iibhaktheriya eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ukuba i-sialadentitis enamandla i- Staphylococcus aureus, kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-streptococcus.
Nangona ezinye ezingavumelekanga, i-sialadentitis enzima nayo ingabangela intsholongwane. Iintsholongwane ezingakhokelela kule meko ziquka: i-virus yamps, i-herpes virus, i-HIV kunye ne- Haemophilus influenzae. Izifo ezitsholongwane zentsholongwane azikwazi ukunyangwa ngamayeza. Kwiimeko ezininzi kufuneka uphathwe iimpawu ngelixa ulinde umzimba ukuba ulwe nentsholongwane. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kunjalo, iyeza-anti-virus (ARVs) zingasetyenziswa. Ezi zonyango aziyiyo imiselwe ngokuqhelekileyo kuba abaninzi babo banxulumene nemiphumo emibi kakhulu.
I-sialadentitis eqhelekileyo ingaphathwa ngekhosi efanelekileyo ye-antibiotics. Oku kufezekiswe kakhulu xa inkcubeko itholakala. Kufuneka uhlale uthabatha ama-antibiotic ngokuchanekileyo njengoko uchanekileyo uze uqedele yonke ibhotile ngaphandle kokuba ihlawulwe ngunyango wakho.
Ukubuyisela ukuhamba kakuhle kwemali kubuye kubaluleke kakhulu kunyango lwe-sialadentitis. Oku kufezekiswe kakhulu ngokusela amaninzi, kunye nokutya, ukusela, okanye ukunwa kwizinto ezikhuthaza ukunyuka kwemali (umz., Ukuhlahlela). Ukuba uthabatha imishanguzo eyenza umlomo owomileyo ungadinga ukuthetha nodokotela wakho ngokutshintshela kumachiza ahlukeneyo okanye ezinye iindlela okwazi ukulawula kulo mphahla.
Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kwaye ezinqabileyo, i-sialadentitis enzima ingakhokelela ekwakheni i-abscess.
Ukuba oku kwenzekayo i-abscess ingadinga ukucinywa.
Chronic Sialadentitis
Ngokungafani ne-sialadentits enamandla, i-sialadentitis engapheliyo ingakhokelela ekubeni ibangelwe ngumqobo kunokusuleleka. Ukuthintela kungabangelwa ngamatye (i-calalili ye-salivary) , izicubu ezinqabileyo okanye kwiimeko ezinqabileyo ezihlambalaza. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukukhutshwa kukukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuhamba kwemali kunye nokuvutha okungapheliyo. I-sialadentitis engapheliyo ihlala ichaphazela i-parotid gland.
Ezi zilandelayo zibonakaliso ze-sialadentitis engapheliyo:
- ububele kunye nokuvuvukala okunyamekileyo kwi-gland echaphazelekayo
- Ingqungquthela ingaqale ikhuliswe kwaye iyancipha ngobukhulu
- intlungu kwindawo yokutya xa udla
I-sialadentitis engapheliyo ifunyaniswa ngendlela efana ne-sialadentitis enzima kodwa ingakumbi igxininiswe ekuboneni nasekuphatheni imbangela ebangela isaladentitis engapheliyo. Ukucinga nge-ultrasound okanye i-CT scan kunokunceda. Kwakhona ngexesha loviwo logqirha ukuba i-gland echaphazelekayo iyaxutywa, ayiyi kuvelisa nayiphi ipeni.
Emva kokuba imbangela engundoqo ye-sialadentitis engapheliyo ifumaneka unyango kufuneka igxininise ekuguquleni isizathu esibangelwa phantsi kwimeko. Ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka kungathi kufuneka isuswe. Ukuba akukho ncitshitsho efunyanwa unyango liqukethe i-hydration, i-massage, ngamanye amayeza anciphisa ukuvutha. Ukuphumelela kwi-lozenges okanye i-drops drops kunokunceda kwakhona ukubuyisela ukuhamba kwemali. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kunye ezinzima ze-sialadentitis ezingapheliyo zonke i-salivary gland ingadinga ukuba isuswe.
Ezinye iimeko ezifanayo
Kukho ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene nazo okanye ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo njenge-sialadentitis. Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukulawula oku ngaphandle kokuba enze ukuxilongwa kwe-sialadentitis kunye nokucebisa unyango.
Enye imeko iyenzeka kubantwana kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-parotitis ephindaphindiweyo yobuntwaneni. Isizathu salesi sifo asiyaziwayo kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo senziwa kuphela kubantwana abavame ukukhula kuwo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. I-parotitis ephindaphindiweyo yobuntwaneni ibonakaliswe ngeziqhelo eziphindaphindiweyo ze-parotid gland glowing (ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela kwicala elinye). Ukuvuvukala kuhambelana nezinye iimpawu kubandakanywa umkhuhlane kunye ne-malaise.
Utyando lwe-parotitis oluphindaphindiweyo lobuntwaneni lufana nelo le-sialadentitis. Ukufudumala ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-gland kunye ne-massage kunokuchaphazela ukukhuthaza ukuphuma kwe-saliva kunye ne-hydration efanelekileyo kunye nezinto ezinjengamaconsi okanye i-vitamin C. I-Antibiotics inokuthi ilandelwe ngamanye amaxesha. Uphando alufuneki luyimfuneko. Kuhluke kumntwana ngamnye kodwa iziqwenga zingenzeka zonke iinyanga ezimbalwa kwaye zigcine iintsuku ezimbalwa kwiiveki ezimbalwa.
Enye imeko ehambelana nayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-sialolithiasis okanye ngamatye emathambo. Njengoko kukhankanywe ngaphambili le meko inokwenzeka ngokwayo okanye iholele kwi-sialadentitis. Amatye emideni yamathambo akhiwa ngamaminerali afumaneka ematheni, oko kukuthi isaliti, iiprotheni kunye ne-calcium carbonate.
Ngamanye amaxesha amatye angama-staliyali angacatshulwa (aziva ngugqirha wakho kwiimviwo) kodwa kaninzi afunyanwa ngokusebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye i-CT scan. Amatye adla ngokufuneka ukuba asuswe.
Nangona ezinye ezingavumelekanga kunoma yintoni na iimeko ezikhankanywe ngasentla ngezinye izicubu (izibilini okanye umhlaza) zingakhokelela kwi-sialadentitis. Ezi zifunyenweyo zisebenzisa i-biopsy intsaliti apho izicubu zisuswa kwisisu kwaye zihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukubona ukuba iiseli ziba nomhlaza okanye cha. Uninzi lwamazinga okukhula afunyenwe kwiintlanzi ze-salivary ziyingozi. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba ukukhula kukuhle okanye kakubi kakhulu ukukhula kweengqungquthela okanye iidonki kufuneka zisuswe.
> Imithombo:
> Iingxaki zeGland zeSalivary. WaseMerika ugqirha. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 2014. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0601/p882.html
> Submandibular Sialadenitis / Sialadenosis. Medscape. Ukuhlaziywa kukaJanuwari 2017. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/882358- ukubukela kwakhona
> Sialadenitis. Website ye-NIH. Ukuhlaziywa ngoNovemba 2016. https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/7638/sialadenitis