Ukubhema kunokubangela umdlavuza kunye neengqondo zentliziyo
Ziziphi iindlebe, i-Nose kunye neengxaki ezinokubangela ukutshaya?
Ngokuya kumaziko okuLawula nokuLawula (i-CDC), malunga nezigidi ezingama-45.3 zabantu abadala baseUnited States bashiya iigarethi. Izibalo ukususela ngo-2000 ukuya ku-2004 zibonisa ukuba malunga nama-20% abantu abafa rhoqo ngonyaka zihlobene nokusetyenziswa kwecuba. Oko kukufa malunga no-440,000 ngonyaka. Ngaphandle kokufa, kukho abantu abayizigidi eziyi-8.5 abahluphekayo ngenxa yezifo ezingapheliyo zokubhema.
Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zonyaka-mali ezinxulumene nokunakekelwa kwezempilo zilinganiselwa kuma-dollar ayi-193 yezigidigidi zeedola e-United States kuphela. Ezi ziindleko ezibangelwa yimikhwa eyingozi yomntu ngamnye. Nangona kunjalo kukho iindidi ezigidi ezili-10 zamaRandi kwiindleko zonyango ezinxulumene nomsi wesibane.
Ngenxa yokuba ukutshaya kubonakaliswe ukuba nefuthe elinjalo kwimpilo karhulumente, i-Food & Drug Administration (i-FDA) inikwe igunya ngo-2011 ukuba ngoSeptemba 2012, zonke iimpahla zokubhema ziza kufuneka zifumane izilumkiso ezibhaliweyo kunye nezilumkiso. Nangona kukho izigwebo ezifakwe kwi-FDA ngamakhampani ecuba, iUnited States iya kudibanisa namanye amazwe amaninzi kuquka iKhanada neBrazil ekwenzeni izilumkiso ezichasayo ezigqithiseleyo kubathengi nabangabathengi ngokufanayo. Imingcipheko yempilo ephathelele ukutshaya ibandakanya:
- Umkhwa weNtloko nomhlaza
- Umhlaza wemiphunga
- Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza
- Stroke
- Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
- Bronchitis
- Emphysema
- I-Childhood Immant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
- Ukungasebenzi kwe-Erectile
Kungakhathaliseki ukugula okuhlobene nokubhema, ukutshaya yimbangela enye yokufa okukhuselekile e-United States. Ngaloo ndlela, abaqeshi abaninzi baye baqalisa ukuhlawulisa abasebenzi babo kwiimali-mboleko ze-inshorensi zempilo ezixhomekeke kwiimeko zabo zokubhema.
Kakade, enye yeengxaki ezibangelwa ukutshaya ngumhlaza. Umhlaza womlenze awuyena kuphela umhlaza ophathelene nokutshaya. Ngokomzekelo, iisomhlaza zentloko nentamo zingabangelwa ukutshaya kubandakanya: ngomlomo (oropharyngeal) , umlingo we-laryngeal , wesophageal kunye ne-pharyngeal.
Kutheni Ukubhema Kubangela Ingcambu?
Ukubhema kubangela umdlavuza ngenxa yengqumbo yomsi we-tobacco. Kukho amayeza angaphezu kwama-7,000 afunyenwe ngotshani ngomsi. Akukho ngaphantsi kwama-250 kwezi khemikhali eziyingozi (i-ammonia, i-carbon monoxide, i-cyanide, ne-hydrogen) ubuncinane abangama-69 be-carcinogenic (okwenza umdlavuza). Ukubonakaliswa kwezidakamizwa ze-carcinogen kwandisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nomhlaza. Iingozi zempilo akayekanga apha, nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu komhlaza kukho ezinye ezininzi iingxaki zempilo ezinxulumene nokutshaya.
Izifo ezingenayo ingxaki ye-ENT enxulumene nokuSuba
Kukho iingxaki ezininzi ze- ENT ezinokubangelwa ukutshaya. Ezinye ziyakhathazeka ngaphezu kweengozi zempilo, kodwa zonke zinokuchaphazela umgangatho wobomi. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule, ukuba uluhlu olungezantsi lunokuvela kwi-exposedhand exposure to smoke smoke nangona ungafuni ukutshaya. Abantwana abahlala emakhaya apho abazali okanye abanye abantu abasafuni ukungena ngaphakathi basengozini kulezi ngxaki.
- Intlungu
- I- laryngitis engapheliyo
- Ukuthuka
- I-Cleft Lip kunye nePalate
- Ukubetha ezindlebeni zakho (tinnitus)
- Ukulahlekelwa kwintetho okanye iphunga
- Izifo zentloko
- Ukuphefumula
- Iingxaki zeTyroid
NdingumSuwayi, Ngaba Unyanzelekile ukuba Ndiyeke?
Nangona ungakhange utshaye izipho izibonelelo ezingcono kakhulu zezempilo, ukuyeka ngoku ngoku ukwandisa isimo sakho sempilo kunye nokunciphisa ingozi enkulu ekuphuculeni izifo ezibangelwa ukutshaya. Ukuyeka kuzinzuzo ezininzi zezempilo. Emva kokuba uyeke ukutshaya, impilo yakho iya kuqhubeka iphucula kwaye ingozi yakho yokuphucula izifo ezihambelana nayo iya kuguquka. Nangona kungekaze kuphele ukuyeka, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba akukho "khuselekile" isiqalo sokubhema komsi wecuba.
Ngokuxhomekeke kwi-genetics nakweminye imiba abantu abathile bangakwazi ukuvelisa iingxaki zempilo emva kokutshaya ixesha elifutshane kakhulu.
Ukuba unqwenela uncedo kwisikhwama sakho sokuyeka ukutshaya, kukho ezininzi izixhobo ezinokufumaneka kwi-Intanethi njenge-smokefree.gov enokukunceda endleleni yakho ukuya ebomini obungenawo umsi.
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. (nd). Ugwayi kunye neCarcer. Kufunyenwe ngo-Oktobha 25, 2012 kwi- http: //www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@nho/documents/document/tobaccoandcancerpdf.pdf
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. (2012). Ukubhema kwe-Adult Cigarette e-United States: Ukulinganisa kwangoku. Ibuyiswe ngo-Oktobha 25, 2012 ukusuka ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/adult_data/cig_smoking/index.htm
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. (2004). Iingxelo Zogqirha Jikelele - Ukubhema nokusetyenziswa kweTuba. Ifunyenwe ngo-Oktobha 25, 2012 ukusuka ku-http: //www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/sgr/2004/complete_report/index.htm
Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. (2012). Ukusetyenziswa koSuku noTywala: Iinkcukacha ezimfutshane. Ibuyiswe ngo-Oktobha 27, 2012 ukusuka kwi-http: //www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fast_facts/index.htm
US Food and Drug Administration. (2012). Imveliso yoTuba: Ukubhalisa. Ibuyiswe ngo-Oktobha 25, 2012 ukusuka kwi-http: //www.fda.gov/TobaccoProducts/Labeling/Labeling/default.htm