I-pneumonia ingabangelwa yi-virus okanye ibhaktheriya, njengale:
- intsholongwane yokuphefumula ( RSV )
- umkhuhlane
- i-metapneumovirus yabantu (hMPV)
- i-coronavirus
- virus yeparinfluenza
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Nangona ezinye iintsholongwane zentsholongwane zingaphathwa ngamayeza okulwa namachiza kwaye zithintelwe ngamagonyo, akukho zonyango ezinobangela obuninzi begciwane le-pneumonia.
Nangona i-pneumonia yimbangela enkulu yokufa kubantwana emhlabeni jikelele, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweigonyo, ukufikelela okulungelelweyo kwiinkonzo zempilo, kunye nokufumaneka kwezixhobo zokulwa ne-antibiotics xa kuyimfuneko, i-pneumonia ayinakuncitshiswa kakhulu kwiindawo eziphuculweyo.
Kusabalulekile ukuba ufunde ukukwazi ukubona iimpawu zesifo se-pneumonia, nokuba kunjalo, ukuba ungagqibeleli kwinqanaba lakho lezingane rhoqo xa umntwana wakho enesifo esibandayo kwaye ukuze afumane unyango xa enemiphunga.
Iimpawu zoMphunga
Emva kokufumana iimpawu zentsholongwane ephezulu yokuphefumula, njengengcambu ye-runny kunye nokukhwehlela kancinci, abantwana abahlakulela i-pneumonia (i-inferatory tract infection infect) bangalimaza ngokukhawuleza kwaye bakhulise ezinye iimpawu kunye nempawu, kuquka:
- ukukhwehlela
- umkhuhlane
- kwandisa izinga lokuphefumula (tachypnea)
- ukuvuthwa (ngokuqhelekileyo umqondiso we-viral pneumonia)
- zinciphisa izandi zomoya
- iziqhekeza
- iintlungu zesifuba
- intlungu zesisu
- ukuhlanza
Uyazi njani ukuba umntwana wakho uphefumula okanye unyuke izinga lokuphefumula?
I-World Health Organisation ichaza i-tachypnea njengezinga lokuphefumula elingaphezu kwama-50 ukuphefumula ngomzuzu kwiintsana ezimbini ukuya kweenyanga ezilishumi elinesibini, ukuphefumula okungaphezu kwe-40 ngomzuzu kubantwana abaneminyaka eli-5 ubudala, kunye nokuphefumula okungaphezu kwama-30 ngomzuzu ngamnye kubantwana ngaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.
Nangona kwakungekho mfuneko ukuba uhlolisise i-pneumonia, i-x-ray isifuba ibonisa ukungena emiphakeni xa umntwana wakho ene-pneumonia.
Iimpawu zeRiphabhuliki eziBomvu Izibonakaliso
Ezinye izimpawu ze-flag ze-pneumonia zibonakalisa ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna ukunakekelwa ngonyango ngokukhawuleza, kuquka:
- ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza
- ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- ukuhoxiswa (ukuphefumula okusebenzayo)
- ukucima
- cyanosis
- iimpawu zokungcoliswa kwamanzi
Abantwana abanolu hlobo lweempawu ezinzulu kakhulu ze-pneumonia badinga ukuba babhedlele.
Yintoni Okumele Uyazi Ngezibonakaliso Ze-Pneumonia
Ezinye izinto ezaziyo malunga ne-pneumonia kunye neempawu ze-pneumonia ziquka ukuba:
- Ezinye iintlobo ze-pneumonia zinokuthintela ngeigonti, kubandakanya i-Prevnar, i-Pneumovax, i-Hib, kunye nokugonya umkhuhlane.
- Umkhuhlane ngamanye amaxesha unokubangela ukuba okwexeshana uphumele umgangatho wokuphefumula, kodwa ukuphefumula komntwana wakho kufuneka ubuyele kwisimo esiqhelekileyo njengoko ufumana umkhuhlane wakhe phantsi kolawulo.
- I-pneumonia efunyanwe ngumphakathi yixesha eliqhelekileyo kumntu odala i-pneumonia kwaye akakho esibhedlele.
- Ukuhamba nge-pneumonia kudla ngokubangelwa yi- Mycoplasma pneumoniae ibhakteria kwaye ibandakanya iimpawu zephemonia ezincinane ebantwaneni abaneminyaka esikolweni, abatsha nabaselula.
Kwaye, ke, khumbula ukuba akukho konke ukukhwehlela kukubangelwa yi-pneumonia. Ukukhwehlela komntwana kungabangelwa yi- asthma , i-bronchitis, i-allergies, i- reflux , kunye nezinye izinto ezinokusuleleka kunye ezingenasifo.
Imithombo:
I-Gereige Rani S. Iipediatrics kwiHlaziyiyure yokuHlaziya i-Vol.34 Ngo-10 Oktobha 2013
I-Lichenstein R. I-pediumric pneumonia. - Emerg Med Clin North North - 01-MAY-2003; 21 (2): 437-51
Sandora TJ. I-pneumonia kwizibhedlele. I-Clinical Pliniatr North Am - 01-AUG-2005; 52 (4): 1059-81, viii
Ixabiso likaVan den Bruel A. Ukuxilongwa kwezinto ezinokliniki ekuboniseni ukufumanisa usulelo olunzulu kubantwana kumazwe athuthukileyo: ukuhlaziywa okucwangcisiweyo. Lancet. 2010 uMatshi 6; 375 (9717): 834-45.