I-DEA Inqatshelwe Ukuhlaziya i-Marijuana
Usenokuba ucinga ukuba inambuzane ibonakaliswe ukuba yindleko yonyango kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kuvunyelwe iinjongo zonyango. Kuya kuba lula ukwenza ezo zigqibo ngenxa yokuba amaninzi amaninzi asemthethweni asebenzisa umgqomo wokubhema unyango.
Kodwa, inyaniso yi-US Food and Drug Administration akakaze avume ukutshaya i-marijuana nayiphi na imeko okanye izifo, kwaye enyanisweni, uye wagqiba ekubeni ukutshaya inambuzane kunomonakalo omkhulu kunokuba kulungile.
Nangona uphando luqhutyelwa kwiinzuzo zamachiza eziye zaphuhliswa kwii-ingredients inambuzane, ezaziwa ngokuba yi-cannabinoids, ukutshaya kuseyona nkxalabo yempilo yamagosa empilo kunye nemibutho yezokwelapha.
Ingozi kubantwana kunye neentsapho
Icandelo lokunciphisa ukuLungiswa koLwabiwo-mthetho lwe-Drug US lokuLawula ukuLawulwa kweNkunkuma lixhala ukuba ukunyuka kwegciwane lokunyuka kwegciwane kumanqaku kulo lonke luhlanga lubeka ingozi kubantwana bethu, iintsapho zethu kunye noluntu ngokwalo.
I-DEA ikholelwa ukuba ukugqithiswa kwegciwane le-marijuana "kuza kuhlawulela abantwana bethu kunye nokukhuselwa koluntu," kwaye inkolelo eyabhembile i-marijuana iyeza lithumela umyalezo ongafanelekanga kubantwana banamhlanje.
Ukufumana Iinkcukacha Zonyango
Ukulwa neengcamango ezizungeze inambuzane yonyango, i-DEA yashicilela incwadana enamaphepha angama-30, esithi "Iingozi Neempembelelo Zokuxhaphazwa Kwemayuni," echaza izizathu zokuthi "ukutshaya inyosi ayiyilanga."
Ipapasho lichaza ingxelo ye-FDA kwiinkcaso ze- marijuana , kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo kunye nezikhundla zemibutho emininzi yempilo kazwelonke, egxininisa kwizifo kunye neemeko ezinokuthi ziphathwe yi-marijuana.
Ulawulo lwezoKutya noLawulo lweeMithi
Ngokwe-"Inter-Agency Advisory Regarding Claims That Smoked Marijuana Ngumuthi," i-FDA ibike ukuba "ngoku kukho ubungqina obuvakalayo bokutshaya inyosi inobungozi."
Esikhundleni sokuvuma ukutshiza i-marijuana yokusetyenziswa kwezobisi, i-FDA memo ka-2006 yathi "akukho zifundo zenzululwazi ezifanelekileyo ezixhasa ukusetyenziswa kwezobisi zonyango eUnited States, kwaye akukho nkcazelo okanye isilwanyana esisekela ukukhusela okanye ukuphumelela kwentsholongwane. "U
I-American Medical Association
NgoNovemba ka-2013, i-American Medical Association House yabathunywa ikhuphe i-"AMA Statement Policy on Cannabis, H-95.998," apho inhlangano ithi i-cannabis iyingozi yonyango kwaye loo nto iyinkxalabo yempilo yoluntu kunye nokuthengiswa kweziyobisi akufanele ukuba yenziwe ngokusemthethweni.
Isitatimende se-AMA sathi abantu abasebenzisa inambuzane akufanele bavalelwe kodwa baphathwe ngempilo, kodwa uphando oluninzi lufunekayo ngaphambi kokuba inambuzane ingqiniswe ukuba yonyango.
I-American Society of Addiction Medicine
NgoJulayi 2012, i-ASAM ikhishwe isitatimende somgaqo-karhulumente kwi-marijuana yonyango apho inhlangano yathi: "Zonke i-cannabis, imveliso esekelwe kwi-hanab, kunye nezixhobo zokuhanjiswa kwe-cannab kufuneka zixhomekeke kwimigangatho efanayo naleyo yonke imithi yonyango kunye nezixhobo zonyango, kwaye akufanele ihanjiswe okanye yenziwe ngezinye izigulane. "
Amazwi ka-ASAM adibanisa "ukuphazamiseka kombuso kwinkqubo yemvume yokufumana imithi" kwaye wathi inhlangano iphikisana neziphakamiso zokubhalisa i-marijuana e-US
I-American Cancer Society
Enye yeengxabano eziphambili zokusetyenziswa kwegunju yonyango iinjongo zayo ezixeliweyo zokunceda izigulane zomhlaza zithatha i- chemotherapy kunye neentlungu kunye nesiphithiphithi, kodwa ngo-Apreli 2010, i-American Cancer Society yakhupha iphepheni apho umbutho uthe " ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwegciwane lokugcoba inambuzane okanye ukugqitywa kwegciwane. "
I-ACS yathi ukuphuculwa konyango kunye nokunyanga okufunekayo ukunqanda imiphumo yomhlaza kunye neyonyango kwaye inhlangano ixhasa uphando olongezelelweyo kwizibonelelo ze-cannabinoids.
I-American Glaucoma Society
Ukusetyenziswa kwentshonalanga sekuye kwaxelwa ukuba yonyango lwezilwanyana ze-glaucoma kwaye yenye yezona zizathu ezidumileyo ukuba i-marijuana imiselwe kwiindawo apho kusemthethweni, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwayo akuxhaswa yi-American Glaucoma Society.
Ngomhla ka-Apreli 2012, umbutho wanyathelisa iphepheni elithile lathi, "nangona i-marijuana inokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-intraocular, imiphumo emibi kunye nexesha elincinci lezenzo, kunye nokungabikho kobubungqina bokuthi ukusetyenziswa kwalo kuguqula i-glaucoma, kungavumeli ukucetyiswa kwesi sigulo nangaliphi na uhlobo lokonyango lwe-glaucoma ngexesha langoku. "
Ngokwenene, ii-AGS zithi i-dose ephezulu yegciwane efunekayo ukuvelisa iziphumo yayinobungozi kunokuba nayiphi na inzuzo.
I-American Academy yePediatrics
Ngo-2004, i-AAP yashicilele ingxelo, "Ukumiselwa kweMarijuana: Ingeniso Yobutsha," apho intlangano yathi xa ixhasa uphando malunga nokusetyenziswa kwonyango lwe-cannabinoids, ichasene nokusemthethweni kwebhanju kuba "inokuchaphazela ukuxhaphaka kokusetyenziswa phakathi kwentsha. "
I-American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
NgoJuni 2012, i-AACAP ikhuphe isitatimende somgaqo-nkqubo apho yathi, "Iyeza 'lokutshaya inyosi liye laphazamisa ingcamango yengozi eyaziwayo kunye neenjongo ezijoliswe kule nkunkuma."
Umbutho uthe inkxalabo eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba "abasebenzisi be-marijuana abaselula banokuthi banokuxhomekeka kokuxhomekeka kwendoda, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwabo kakhulu kunxulumene nokukhula kwenyameko kwaye kwandisa inkxalabo yokukhathazeka kwengqondo, kwemizwa kunye nokukhathazeka."
I-National Multiple Sclerosis Society
Ngomhla kaJanuwari 2013, i-NMSS yashicilele ingxelo kwi-"I-Complementary & Alternative Medicines," apho yathi, "ngoku akukho idatha enganeleyo yokuncoma i-marijuana okanye iziphumo zayo njengonyango lweempawu ze-MS."
Inhlangano isekela uphando olongezelelweyo kwinxaxheba enokwenzeka yobuncwane ekhatyweni kwe-MS kodwa okwamanje isekela ezinye izilingo ezivanywe kakuhle, ezichongiweyo ze-FDA zonyango.
UMbutho weSizwe weoMhlengikazi weSikolo
Ngo-Matshi 2013, i-NASN ipapashwe ngokuthi "Ukumiselwa kweMarijuana, iSitatimende soMvumelwano," apho inhlangano yathi inkohlakalo ikwahlukileyo ngokufanelekileyo njengeShedyuli I kunye nokuba "ubunzima obucacileyo bobu bungqina obukhoyo buxhasa le ndlela."
Umbutho wabonisa ukuba "kukho ukungabikho kokukhuseleko okwamkelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwayo nangaphantsi kolawulo lwezonyango" ngenxa yoko kuthiwa yi-marijuana yonyango.
I-American Psychiatric Association
Ngomhla kaNovemba ka-2013 "Ingxelo yeNgxelo yeMarijuana njengeMithi," i-APA yathi akukho kuphela u bungqina benzululwazi bokuthi i-marijuana isebenza kakuhle kunyango lwaluphi na uhlobo lwesifo sengqondo, "ubungqina obukhoyo buxhasa, ubuncinci, ubudlelwane obuqinileyo be-cannabis basebenzise ngokuqala kwezifo zengqondo. "
Njengeminye imibutho kuloluhlu, i-APA isekela uphando kwimiphumo yonyango ye-marijuana, kodwa yathi imvume yokuba nayiphi na isilwanyana kufuneka ihambe kwi-FDA kwaye "ayiyi kuvunyelwa ngamanye amanyathelo okuvota."
I-DEA Inqatshelwe Ukuhlaziya i-Marijuana
Ngo-Agasti 2016, ekuphenduleni izibongozo ezimbini zokuqalisa iinkqubo zokuhlaziya i-marijuana kwiShedyuli I-drug Iphantsi koMthetho weMpahla eLawulayo, i-DEA icele uvavanyo lwezenzululwazi kunye nezokwelapha kunye nokucwangcisa iziphakamiso ezivela kwiSebe lezeMpilo kunye neNkonzo zoLuntu (HHS). Uvavanyo luqhutywe yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngokubonisana neNational Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA).
Ngenxa yolu vavanyo, i-DEA inqatshelwe zombini izikhalazo zokutshintshisa i-mariju njengeShedyuli I-drug because:
- Awuhlangabezani nemigqaliselo yokusetyenziswa kwonyango njengamanje.
- Kukho ukungabikho kwokhuseleko olwamkelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwalo phantsi kolawulo lwezonyango.
- Unamandla okusetyenziswa kakubi.
Impendulo enzulu kwiibheno zichaze umgaqo-siseko kunye nomthetho wokwenqaba izikhalazo. I-response ye-DEA yathi yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana ukuba i-marijuana okanye izakhiwo zayo zinikezela ngokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngonyango ngoluvavanyo lwezonyango olusebenzayo nolulondolozwe kakuhle oluqhutyelwa kwinkqubo yokuvunywa kwezidakamizwa zaseMelika kunye nokuLawula iziyobisi.
Akukho Uhlobo Lonyango olusamkelekileyo lweMalijuana
Uhlolo lwe-DEA luka-2016 lugqityiwe lokuba inambuzane ayihlangabezanisi naziphi na ezintlanu izinto eziyimfuneko ukuba isicatshulwa sokwamkelwa kwonyango njengamanje:
- I-chemistry's chemistry kufuneka yaziwe kwaye ivelise kwakhona.
- Kufuneka kubekho uphando olwaneleyo.
- Kufuneka kubekho uphando olwaneleyo kwaye lulawulwa kakuhle olubonisa ubungakanani.
- Isiza kufuneka samkelwe yiingcali ezifanelekileyo.
- Ubungqina bobunzululwazi kufuneka bufumaneke ngokubanzi.
I-DEA ifumene ukuba i-marijuana ayidibanisanga nanye yindlela ekhankanywe apha ngasentla kwaye akukho nanye yezifundo ezipapashwe ngo-566 ezenziwa nge-marijuana zihlangabezana neendlela zokufunda ezifanelekileyo kunye nokulawulwa kakuhle.
Imithombo:
ISebe lezobuLungisa eMthethweni laseMelika. "Ukulahlwa kwesiphakamiso sokuqalisa iiNkqubo zokuHlaziya iMarijuana." IRejista yeSigqeba 11 Agasti 2016.
ISebe lezobuLungisa eMthethweni laseMelika. "Iingozi Neempembelelo Zobushushu beMarjuana." ICandelo lokuNciphisa ukuDinga ngoJanuwari 2014.