I-Central serous retinopathy (CSR) yimeko ye-retinal echaphazela ulutsha kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kweminyaka engenazo iimpawu okanye iimpawu zesifo se-retinal. Umyinge weminyaka yobudala ngowama-30s, kodwa uqala ukususela ekupheleni kwe-20 ukuya kutsho kuma-50. Kubonakala kuthintela amadoda angaphezu kwamabhinqa ngomlinganiselo we-10 ukuya kwe-1, kunye neCaucasian ngaphezulu kunoma yimuphi uhlanga. Okuthakazelisayo, kubonakala ngathi ichaphazela abantu abanobumba be-A, nabo.
Iimpawu
Abantu abane-CSR bavame ukukhalaza ngombono ongundoqo okanye ophazamisayo, ngokuqhelekileyo kwelinye iliso. Inokuchaphazela kokubili amehlo, kodwa oku akunqabile. Abantu abahlakulela i-CSR ngezinye iinkhathi baba neyona nto ibona ixesha elide , kwaye banokukhalaza imigca eqondileyo ibonakala iphosakele okanye igobile.
Izizathu
I-CSR ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuthi "idiopathic" i-serous chorioretinopathy, ngenxa yokuba isizathu esicacileyo asiyaziwayo. Kukho ukuphikisana okukhulu kuluntu lwezonyango ukuba kutheni abanye abantu behlakulela eso sifo; Umxholo oqhelekileyo oqhelekileyo ubonakala uxinzelelo, kwaye imeko ibonakala iyenzeka xa izinga lexinzelelo liphakamileyo ebomini bomntu. Kwakhona, abantu abathatha i-oral steroids bayingozi enkulu yokuphuhlisa eso sifo. Ukungabikho kokulala kubonakala ngathi kudlala indima.
Umqathango uqala phakathi kweendlela ezimbini zeso. Umgca we-photoreceptor we- retina uphezu kwe- choroid , umgca osebenza ukunyusa i-retina.
Phakathi kwe-choroid kunye ne-photoreceptor ungqimba lwee-retinal pigment iiseli ze-epithelial, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-RPE. Uluhlu lwe-RPE lulawula ukuhamba kwezondlo kunye ne-fluid kwi-retina.
Xa umntu edala i-CSR, i-RPE ichaphazelekayo kwingingqi ye-retina. I- macula yinxalenye ekhethekileyo ye-retina ephakathi esinika imbonakalo ecacileyo, ebalulekileyo.
Iiseli zeRPE eziqhelekileyo zinemihlangano eqinile kakhulu; Ezi zibophelelo eziqinileyo zikhusela ukuvuza kwamanzi. Kwi-CSR, into eyenzekayo ukuvumela ezi zikhundla ukuba zikhulule kwaye ziphule, zivumela ukuba umbane uphume. Uninzi lweeseli luyehla, kwaye ugcino lwe-RPE luyifumene ukwenza i-cyst encinci kwindawo ye-macula. I-cyst iyatshintsha isimo se-retina (efana nokuguqula ifilimu kwikhamera) kwaye iphazamise umbono.
Ukuxilongwa
Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zingasetyenziselwa ukufumana i-CSR:
- I-Ophthalmoscopy: Oogqirha bamajoni basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ukujonga ngaphakathi kweso. Oku kunokwenzeka okanye akungabandakanyi ukuhlambulula okwezodwa kwamehlo ukuze kukhuliswe umfundi ukuze ugqirha akwazi ukuhlola ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi kweso. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kubonakala.
- I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT): I- OCT isebenzisa ukukhanya ukujonga ngokucacileyo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-retina. Olu vavanyo lunika ugqirha ingcamango ecacileyo ukuze abone ukuba kukho ukuvuza kwamanzi okwenene. Uvavanyo alubuhlungu, lukhawuleza kwaye alufane ludinga amaconsi ukuba afakwe kwiso.
- I-Fluorescein angiography: Oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha basebenzisa indlela yokujola idayi ekhethekileyo kumlambo wegazi, uze ulandele ukujikelezwa kwalo dye ngaphakathi kweso.
Unyango
I-CSR iphathwa kuphela emva kokuqwalaselwa ngokucokisekileyo, njengoko amaninzi amatyala ekugqitywa ngaphandle kokunyanga.
Kunconywa ukuba isigulane sizame ukuphumla size sithole iiyure ezili-8 zokulala ubusuku bonke, kwaye ukuvuthwa rhoqo kukhuthazwa kakhulu. Ukuba le meko ihlala emva kweenyanga ezi-4-6, oogqirha bama-retinal baqhele ukuphatha i-CSR ngale ndlela ilandelayo:
- I-photocoagulation ye-laser: I- Photocoagulation yinkqubo apho ugqirha usebenzisa i-laser ye-thermal kwindawo yamanzi. I-laser iya kubangela ukuba lube nomnene kakhulu, luncedo oluncedo lokuqhawulwa kwintsholongwane ye-pigment epithelial, ukumisa ukuvuza kwamanzi.
- I-Photodynamic Therapy (PDT): I- PDT isebenzisa ubuninzi bokukhanya kokukhanya kunye kunye nekhemikhali ethile ye-photoactive, ebizwa ngeVisyyne, ukunciphisa ukuvuza kwamanzi kunye nokukhusela ekuphuhliseni iifom ezinzulu zesifo.
Oko Okumele Ukwazi Nge-CSR
Nangona i-serous retinopathy ephakathi iyakwenza ingozi kumbono wakho, uninzi lwabantu luye lwaxelwa ukuba alukho naluphi unyango. Ipesenteji ephezulu yabantu bafumana umboniso ubuncinane 20 / 20-20 / 40 kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-1-6. Ngamanye amaxesha banesiphazamiso esithile saloo mbono, kodwa kunobumnene kakhulu.
Ukuba i-CSR ayiphilanga kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu, oogqirha abaninzi baya kujonga unyango. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ingxaki enzulu ingaphuthuka xa imithwalo yegazi esuka kwi-choroid iqala ukukhula ibe yindawo phantsi kwe-retina. Izicubu ze-Scar zingenza, ezingabangela ukulahlekelwa kombono omkhulu xa kushiywe kungakhange kulandelwe.
Umthombo:
UAlexandro, uLarry J. Unonophelo lweNkcazo yeCandelo eliPhezulu, uLuhlu lwesiBini. Appleton & Lange, 1994.