I-Cuba ivelisa iigayira, i-rum kunye ... namagciwane omhlaza.
Xa abaninzi abantu baseMelika bacinga ngeCuba, bacinga ukuba uFidel exhatshazwayo, i-cigar nonpareil, i-yummy rum kunye ne-jerry-rigged imoto ye-America nge-1960. Nangona kunjalo, i-Cuba iyinkokheli yehlabathi kwiphando lwezokwelapha ngokuphumelela kakhulu ekuphuhliseni iigonti. Ingqalelo, iigonti zibhekiselele kwiphina into eyenza ukuphendula ngokuzenzekelayo kungakhathaliseki ukuba kuyasabela kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane okanye kwiintsholongwane okanye ezinye izifo ezifana nomhlaza.
Kwiminyaka engama-25 edluleyo, abaphandi baseCuba Centre for Immunology Immunology baye bafunda i-CIMAvax EGF, isitofu sokugonywa esenza iinjongo eziphambili kwi-cell non-small cell cell cancer (NSCLC). Ngokuchanekileyo, eli gonyolo lugqithisa umzimba womzimba ekuveliseni izixhobo zokulwa nokulwa ne-epidermal-growth-factor (EGF), into ekhulayo eyenziwa yintsholongwane yesisu. I-CIMAvax i-EGF iye yafumana ingqalelo kwimiba emininzi kwaye iza kuqaliswa ukuvavanywa kweeklinikhi eUnited States ngethemba lokuba isitofu sokugonya singakwazi ukukhusela umhlaza wamaphaphu.
Ukongeza kwi-CIMAvax EGF, abaphandi baseCuban bayasebenza nzima kwi-vaccine ehlukeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Racotumomab-Alum Vaccine (Vaxira) ejoliswe ekupheleni kweNSCLC. Ngaloo ngqondweni, makhe sihlolisise oko sikuyazi malunga nokugonya kwe-Racoltumomab-Alum engaphantsi kwengxelo.
Yintoni into engeyona encinci yomhlaza wesifo somdlavuza (NSCLC)?
E-United States, umhlaza wamaphaphu ubulala amadoda nabesifazane abaninzi kunanoma yimuphi na uhlobo lomhlaza.
(Yinkathazo enkulu eCuba, ngokunjalo-inxalenye yokubonga kuzo zonke iicuba zeCuban.) I-NSCLC (ngokuchasene nomdlavuza omncinci wesifo samaphaphu) uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu, i-75% yeemeko zonke. Ngelishwa, malunga neepesenti ezingama-70 zabantu bafunda ukuba banayo i-NSCLC kuphela emva kokuba isifo sele siphumelele kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni.
Njengamaninzi awaziyo, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ubangela ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okufutshane, ukulahleka kwesisindo, ubuthathaka kunye ekugqibeleni ukufa. Umdlavuza wemiphunga weMetastatic ungasasazeka kumathambo, isibindi, kunye nengqondo kwaye kubangele ezinye iimpawu ezimbi.
Xa i-NSCLC ibanjwe kusasa, utyando luyindlela efanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko kubhekisiwe ngaphambili, abaninzi abantu abaneNSCLC bafumaneka kwiinqanaba ezizayo kunye ne-chemotherapy ibe yile ndlela yokwelashwa yokuqala. Akukho ikhemotherapy okanye i-radiotherapy ibonakalise kakhulu ukusebenza ekwandiseni ubomi kulabo abaneNSCLC. Ukongezelela, ezininzi iingcali zikholelwa ukuba sinokubetha udonga lwezitena ngokumalunga nexabiso elincinci lokuhlala ixesha elongezelelweyo elinikezelwa yi-chemotherapy esekelwe kwi-platinum.
Ngenzuzo ye-chemo okanye unyango wokuqala kumnxeba we-NSCLC, mhlawumbi abaphandi baye banomdla omkhulu kwinkqubo yesibini. Ngokukodwa, abaphandi baye bagxininisa unyango lokulondoloza okanye utshintshe unyango . Ulwaphulo lokulondoloza lubhekisela kumsebenzi wokuqhubeka ulawulo lwezilwanyana zangaphambili zonyango kuze kube lula umhlaza kwaye uphuthuke. Ukutshintsha unyango kubhekisela ekutshintsheni kuma-omeli ahlukeneyo emva kohlobo lokuqala lwe-chemotherapy regimen; enye i-arhente enjalo i-racotumomab-alum yokugonya.
Ukugonya kwe-Racotumomab-alum yomdlavuza wamaphaphu
Izigulane zomdlavuza waseCuban wamaphaphu e-racotumomab kunye ne-CIMAvax EGF zombini i-immunotherapy agents. Nge-immunotherapy, abaphandi banokukhetha ukulwa nomhlaza kunye nezinye izifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imizimba yethu ayilwe namaseli esifo somhlaza kodwa "unokukhohliswa" ukwenza njalo ngeigciwane kunye nezinye iifomotherapy.
Ngokukodwa, i-racotumomab (kwi-alum adjuvant) yi-anti-monoglonal antibody eyenza i-antigen-ganglioside antigen ekhona kwi-Neuglycolyl (NeuGc), i-glycolipid itholakala kuphela kwiiseli zesisu. I-Racotumomab ibeka isisombululo sokuzivikela komzimba apho umzimba uhlasela amangqamuzana omhlaza one-Neuglycolyl.
Ngenye into emangalisayo, i-Neuglycolyl idla ngokusebenza njenge-immunomodulator enamandla eyanciphisa impendulo yomzimba.
Okwangoku, uphando malunga ne-racotumomab lugqityiwe kwiimvavanyo zeSigaba se-Phase II nesiGaba se-III. Nangona kunqongophele amandla kunye nobubanzi, iziphumo ezi zilandelayo zikhuthaze. Kwisifundo esithile, ixesha lokusinda eliphakathi lalingenelelwa kwiinyanga eziyi-8.23 kubantu abane-NSCLC ephakamileyo abafumana isitofu sokugonywa njengomgca wendlela yesibini. (Ukwelashwa kweyokuqala kwakungumculo we-chemo.) Nangona, kubathathi-nxaxheba abaphandiweyo befumana indawo ye-placebo (iqela lolawulo), ixesha lokusinda eliphakathi eliphakathi lalingama-6.8 inyanga. Ukongezelela, ukuqhubekeka kokungenasiphelo kwindleko kwaba ngama-5.33 kwiinyanga kulabo bafumana isitofu sokugonya ngokumalunga nama-3.90 inyanga kwiqela le-placebo.
Ukongezelela ekuboneleleni ngenzuzo yokufa, uphando lubonisa ukuba ugonywa lwe-racotumomab-alum lukhuselekile kunye nemiphumo emibi kakhulu engaphelelanga kwintlungu kwi-injection site okanye intlungu yesifo. Ngaphezu koko, isitofu sokugonywa singabizi, kwaye ukususela ngo-2011, urhulumente waseCuban uye wagonywa abantu abane-NSCLC ngexabiso elingaphantsi kwidola.
Kuyavunywa, ukunyuka kweenyanga ezimbalwa zobomi obusondeleyo kumntu onomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunokubonakala kungabalulekanga. Nangona kunjalo, simele sikhumbule ukuba kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu, iinyanga ezimbalwa zokusinda-ngokukodwa ukuqhubekeka kokungabikho kwempilo-kunokunika ithuba lokuchitha ixesha elongezelelweyo kunye nabathandekayo nokulungiselela imiba yabo. Ukongezwa koko, nangona ukongezwa kwangaphakathi kwixesha lokusinda malunga neenyanga ezi-8 (khumbula ukuba umlambo ungumbindi), abaninzi abantu abafumana i-racotumomab-alum vaccine bahlala ixesha elide kuneli - ingakumbi abantu abaneempendulo ezikhuselweyo ze-immune ze-IgM ne-IgG.
Kuphela ixesha kunye nokuqhubeka nokufunda kuza kuxela impembelelo yokuba i-racotumomab iya kuba neyonyango lomhlaza wamaphaphu. Ngokomzekelo, asinayo ingcamango yokuba le gonti ingasetyenziswe ngaphambili kwonyango sesifo esikhundleni sokuba ithotywe kumgca wendlela yokugqibela. Ngakumbi nangokhuthaza, olunye uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba le gonti ingasetyenziselwa ingomdlavuza wesifo nje kuphela kodwa isifo somhlaza kunye ne-melanoma.
Ngoxinzelelo lwezopolitiko phakathi kweUnited States kunye neCuba ekunciphiseni nasekuhlanganiseni ngokugqithiseleyo, asinakulindela kuphela ukuqaliswa kwezorhwebo kodwa kunye nokutshintshelwa ngolwazi ngokukhululekile. I-Cuba inika ubutyebi obuphawulekayo bolwazi lwezokwelapha, kwaye uphando lwezokwelapha lujoliswe kuRhulumente waseCroro ngamashumi eminyaka. Nangona ezinye iindawo zenze iincinci zokungena kwi-immunotherapy, iCuba iye yanceda inkokheli. Ukucinga, iCuba yenze izinto ezinjalo kwiingxaki ezinzima zohlahlo lwabiwo-mali-mali.
Imithombo ekhethiweyo
I-athimba ebizwa ngokuthi "I-Randomized, Multicenter, i-Placebo-Controlled Trial Trial ye-Racotumomab-Alum Vaccine njenge-Switch Maintenance Therapy kwi-Advanced Can not Small Small Lung Cancer Patients" ngo-S Alfonso kunye nabalobi ababambisene neCommical Research Cancer ngo-2014. / 22/2015.
I-Article ethi "ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kweCototomab-Alum Vaccine njenge-Second-Line Treatment for
I-Advanced Santoteban e-Cell-Lung Cancer "ephakamileyo kwi-International Journal ye-Clinical Medicine ngo-2014. Kufumaneka ngomhla we-5/22/2015.