I-Disorder System ye-Nervous Disorder ngokuvamile ilahlekile i-Parkinson
I-atrophy ye-Multiple system (MSA) yintlupheko ebangela ukuba iindawo ezininzi zeenkqubo ze-nervous zihluthe. I-MSA iquka ezintathu ze-syndromes: I-Shy-Drager syndrome, i-striatonigral degeneration, kunye ne-olivopontocerebellar atrophy. I-MSA yisifo esiqhubekayo esichaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous autonomic, inxalenye yomzimba wakho olawula izenzo ezingaziwayo njengeyokugaya nokuphefumla.
I-MSA ithintela naphi na kubantu ababini ukuya ku-15 ngabantu abayi-100,000. Kungathatha ixesha ukufumana ukuxilongwa kwe-MSA ngenxa yokufana phakathi kwe-MSA kunye nezinye iimeko, ezifana nesifo sika-Parkinson . I-MSA isoloko ifunyaniswe malunga nama-50 ubudala ubudala kwaye ibonakala kubantu bazo zonke iintlanga. Emva kokuba iimpawu ziqale, lesi sifo siphuthuma ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu zeMatriki kwi-Atrophy
Iimpawu zeMSA zivela ekulahlekelweni kweeseli zesigulane kwinkqubo yenzwa. Yintoni ebangela ukuba ukulahlekelwa kweeseli zesisongela kungasaziwa. Abantu abaninzi abane-MSA isaziso sokuqala se-mptoms ezifana nokungabikho komchamo, ukungasebenzi kwe-erectile emadodeni, ukuyeka uxinzelelo lwegazi xa emi (hypotension orthostatic hypotension). Njengoko iimpawu ziqhubela phambili, ziwela phantsi kwelinye lamaqela amabini:
- Uhlobo lwe-Parkinsonian (MSA-P): oku kuquka iimpawu ezifana nesifo se-Parkinson ezifana nokuthungula ukuphumla, ukunyaniseka kwezihlunu kunye nokunyaniseka
- Uhlobo lwe-Cerebellar (MSA-C): lubandakanyeka ukuhamba ukuhamba (ataxia), imiba yokugcina ukulinganisela, kunye neengxaki zokudibanisa ukunyakaza okuzithandela.
Ezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-MSA ziquka ubunzima bokuthetha okanye ukugwinya, ukulala kwe-apnea, nezandla ezibandayo. Abanye abantu bangaphinda bahlakulele ingxaki yokulala, i-muscle kunye ne-tendon yokunciphisa, i-Pisa syndrome - apho umzimba ubonakala uxhomekeke kwelinye icala, ukububula okungenakuzikhethela kunye ne-antecollis - eyenzekayo xa intamo iguqa phambili kwaye ikhanda liyehla.
I-MSA ichongwa njani
Kungaba nzima kakhulu ukwahlula iMSA kwisifo se-Parkinson . Enye indlela yokwahlula phakathi kwezi zibini kukujonga ukuba isifo siphumelele kangakanani. I-MSA ithambekele ngokukhawuleza kunokuba iPacinson yenzayo. Abantu abaninzi abane-MSA baya kufuna isixhobo sokuncedisa, njengesihlalo sabakhubazekile okanye inqanawa, kwiminyaka emininzi yokufunyaniswa.
Enye indlela yokwahlula phakathi kwala mabini kukuphatha i-Parkinson. I-MSA ayiphenduli kakuhle kwi-levodopa, imyeza esetyenziswa ukuphatha iParkinson. Ngelishwa, i-autopsy yindlela kuphela yokufumanisa ngokucacileyo iMSA. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo, olufana ne-PET scan (positron emission tomography), lunokulawula ezinye iintlobo zeengxaki ezingavamile zegazi.
MSA Treatment
Okwangoku, akukho nonyango ye-MSA, kwaye akukho naluphi unyango olujoliswe ukuguqula okanye ukuyeka ukunyuka kwesifo. Ezinye iinkalo zengxaki ziyancipha kwaye kunzima ukunyanga. Iziphazamiso zentlangano zingaphathwa nge-levodopa kunye ne-carbidopa (iSinemet), kodwa oku kudla ngeziphumo ezilinganiselwe.
Amanye amayeza afana ne-bromocriptine (i-Parlodel), i-trihexyphenidyl (u-Artane), i-benztropine mesylate (i-Cogentin), kunye ne-amantadine (i-Symmetrel), inokunika uncedo lwempawu.
Ulwaphulo oluthile, oluquka unyango lwe-aqua, lunokunceda ukugcina umsebenzi we-muscle, kwaye unyango lwentetho lunokunceda ukuphucula naluphi na ubunzima bokugwinya okanye ukuthetha.
Oko kuthethwa nguPhando
Akukho nto eyaziwa malunga neendlela zokusebenza emsebenzini we-atrophy ezininzi. Abaphandi kwiSizwe seNational Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) ngoku bazama ukuqonda ukuba kutheni iprotein alpha-synuclein ekwakhiwa kwiiseli ze-glial (iiseli ezikhusela i-neurons kwinkqubo ye-nervous) yabantu abane-MSA kunye ne-neuronal (imbilini) iiseli zabantu abane-Parkinson isifo. Uvavanyo lwekliniki lwazama ukusebenzisa i-rifampicin yeziyobisi ukunciphisa ukunyuka kwesifo, kodwa unyango lwaluyinto engasebenzi.
Iinkcukacha ezivela kulolu cwaningo ngoku zisetyenziselwa ezinye izifundo ze-MSA.
Imithombo
Diedrich, A., & Robertson, D. (2002). Multirogram system atrophy. eMedicine, kufumaneka kwi http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic671.htm
Isiko seSizwe seNational Psychology and Stroke. I-Multiple System ye-Atrophy Fact Sheet. Novemba 2014.