Elinye izinga lokungasebenzi kunye nenkqubo ye-nerveous autonomic mhlawumbi iyaxhaphaka, ngokukodwa njengoko sikhula. Ngokomzekelo, ngaphezulu kwama-25 ekhulwini labantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 baxhamla kwi -hypotension ephilileyo , apho kunokuba nzima ukuba abantu bame ngaphandle kokuba bazive bexakekile ngenxa ye-system ye-nervous system yokungakwazi ukulungisa utshintsho lwegazi .
Phantse nayiphi na ingxaki yonyango-okanye nokuba yonyango-inokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-nervous autonomic okanye ngqo. Inkqubo nge-system ye-nervous system ibizwa ngokuba yi- dysautonomia . Ngaphambi kokulungisa ingxaki, nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukuvavanya kakuhle ukuqinisekisa ukuba uhlobo lwe-dysautonomia luqondwa kakuhle.
Imilinganiselo ye-Orthostatic Blood Pressure
Indlela eqhelekileyo yokuvavanya inkqubo ye-nervous autonomic ingenziwa nge-blood pressure coff, umlindi, kunye nombhede. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyalinganiswa kwaye i-pulse ithathwa xa isiguli silele phantsi, sihleli, kwaye simile, malunga nemizuzu emibini phakathi kwezikhundla. Abantu abaqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi akufanele lutshintshe ngaphezu kwe-10 diastolic (inombolo yezantsi yexinzelelo yegazi) okanye i-systolic 20 (inombolo ephezulu), nangona ezi zikhokelo zihluka ukusuka kwindawo ukuya endaweni.
Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luwa, akunakube yingxaki kwinkqubo ye-nervonic autonomic: kungabikho nje igazi elaneleyo lokugcina uxinzelelo olwaneleyo.
Isizathu esiqhelekileyo salokhu kukungcoliswa kwamanzi, yingakho siphinde sihlolisise i-pulse. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi luwa, i-pulse kufuneka ikhule njengoko umzimba uzama ukwandisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye ufumane igazi kwingqondo. Ukuba akunjalo, kunokuba neengxaki nge-arc ye-reflex ebandakanya i-vagus nererve, ene-autonomic nerve fibers elawula izinga lentliziyo.
Ezinye izilingo zeBhede
Ukusebenzisa i- electrocardiogram (i-ECG okanye i-EKG) ngelixa ukuqhuba ukulula okulula kunokunyusa ukuvavanya kweemvavanyo ze-dysautonomia. Umzekelo, ubungakanani bomda phakathi kwamagagasi amabane oombane kwiintliziyo ze-15 kunye ne-30 emva kokuma kwindawo ehleliyo (umlinganiselo obizwa ngokuba ngu-R-to-R) unokubonisa inkinga nge-vagus nererve. Oku kuya kwenziwa ngexesha lokuphefumla. Ukufikelela kwiminyaka engama-40, ukufudumala ukuphefumlelwa ngaphantsi kwe-1.2 akuqhelekanga. Lo mgangatho kulindeleke ukuba wehla njengoko sibudala kwaye sinciphisa kunye ne- neuropathy enobuhlungu kakhulu .
Umlinganiselo weValsalva ngowokunye uvavanyo olulula, olungenakuvakalayo lwebhedlele elingasetyenziswa ukuhlola i-dysautonomia. Isigulana sithwala ngokutshiza ngomlomo wakhe uvaliwe ukuze kungabi nomoya ophunyukileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela ukuba izinga lentliziyo linyuswe de emva kokuphefumula, apho i-parasympathetics idla ngokugqithisa, okwenza umzuzu omfutshane we- bradycardia , xa isantya senhliziyo ihla ngaphantsi kweqhelekileyo. Ukuba izinga lentliziyo alinyuli ngexesha le-Valsalva, kunokwenzeka ukuba kunokungasebenzi kakuhle. Ukuba ihluleka ukukhawuleza emva koko, ibonisa ukukhubazeka kwe-parasympathetic.
Amanye amanyathelo atshintsha utshintsho kwingcinezelo yegazi emva kokuqhaqhazela kweemisipha imizuzu embalwa, okanye emva kokugcina isigxina esifakwe emanzini abandayo.
Uvavanyo oluPhezulu lokuVavanya
Xa iimvavanyo zomabhedlele zingeneli, kukho iinkqubo ezininzi zokuxilonga ezikhoyo kumaziko athile. Ezi zibandakanya ukuba isigulane sibekwe kwitafile ejikelezayo , evumela isikhundla sengigulane ukuba sitshintshwe ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngendlela enokulinganiswa lula.
Ukuziphatha kwekhanda kunokulinganiswa emva kokuba imichiza ingeniswe ukuba yenze i-patch sweat nje ukuze kuhlolwe ukungafani okucokisekileyo phakathi kwemimandla eyahlukeneyo yomzimba.
Maxa wambi ama-hormone ama-hormone afana ne-norepinephrin angalinganiswa ngokuphendula koxinzelelo lwe-systemic, kodwa olo vavanyo aluqhelekanga.
Iimvavanyo zoKhupha
Inkqubo yeentlonelo zentlungu ixanduva lokubangela ukugcinwa kwemfihlo kwizithobezi ze-sweat. Cinga nje ngeendlela zokuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wethu uhlala upholile ngokwaneleyo ukubalekela ngempumelelo kwi-tiger ehlaselayo.
Ngamanye amaxesha ukugcinwa kwenyameko kumalungu omzimba kulahlekile, kwaye le nxalenye ayisayikukhupha. Oku akusoloko kucacile, kuba ukuphefumula kungagijima kwenye indawo yomzimba ukufihla inxalenye engasayi kuqhubeka. Xa uvavanyo lwe-sweat, umzimba uguqulwe ngumbumba oguqula umbala xa uphupha, ukwenza ukungabi nendawo yokufiphala kwendawo kungabonakali. Ingcipheko kukuba lo vavanyo luyingozi kakhulu.
Ukuvavanywa kwamacandelo oMzimba ohlukeneyo
Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo ye-nerveous autonomic ibandakanya phantse zonke iindawo zomzimba, kunokuba kuyimfuneko ukujonga indlela iimbilini ezizimeleyo zisebenza kwinxalenye ethile kunokuba nje i-cardiovascular system.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamehlo zingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukugcinwa kwamandla kweso. Ukuvuthwa kwamehlo kunokuvavanywa ngokufaka iphepha elincinci lephepha elincinci kwikhoneni lelihlo ukubona ubuninzi bephepha elithathayo. Umsebenzi we-Bladder unokuhlolwa ngephandle, kwaye i-motility yezicwangciso zesisu zisenokuhlolwa ngophando lwe-radiographic.
Siye sichaza nje ezinye zeemvavanyo ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya inkqubo ye-nervous autonomic system. Iinyaniso kukuba i-dysautonomias iyakwazi ukuqaphela, kwaye amaziko amaninzi ayinayo imvavanyo engundoqo. Oku kungabikho ngenxa yokuba ezininzi i-dysautonomi zibangelwa iingxaki ezichaphazela ezinye iindawo zomzimba ngezindlela ezicacileyo, ezize zinciphise ukusetyenziswa kokuvavanya. Ngokomzekelo, isifo sikashukela sinesizathu esiqhelekileyo se-dysautonomia esifumene nokuhlolwa kwegazi okwenziwe ngesifo sikashukela, kunokuba kuqale inkqubo ye-nervous system.
Ukuba ingxaki yinkqubo ye-nervous autonomic ishicilelwe kwaye iqinisekisiwe, mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka ukuba kuhlolwe uvavanyo oluninzi ukucacisa isizathu. Esikhundleni sokuzama ukunyanga nje iimpawu ze-dysautonomic, ukujongana nesizathu esibalulekileyo sokugula yindlela efanelekileyo yokufumana inkqubo ye-nerveous autonomic back balance.
Imithombo:
Hiitola P, Enlund H, Kettunen R, Sulkava R, Hartikainen SJ Hum Postural utshintsho kwixinzelelo legazi kunye nokuxhaphaka kweengxaki ze-orthostatic phakathi kwabantu asebekhulile abaneminyaka engama-75 okanye ngaphezulu. Hypertens. 2009 Jan; 23 (1): 33-9. i-doi: 10.1038 / jhh.2008.81. Epub 2008 Julayi 24.
I-Ropper AH, i-Samuels MA. I-Adams kunye neMigaqo yeVictor ye-Neurology, 9th: I-McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009.
I-Blumenfeld H, i-Neuroanatomy ngokusebenzisa iiKliniki zeeKliniki. I-Sunderland: Abapapashi be-Sinauer Associates 2002.