Ukuba unesifo senhliziyo (esibizwa ngokuba yi- myocardial infarction , okanye i-MI), ngoku uyazi into malunga nawe onokungazi ngaphambili. Uyazi ukuba unesifo se-coronary disease (CAD) . Oku kubalulekile ulwazi.
(Nangona uhlaselo lweentliziyo lunokubangelwa ezinye iimeko , i-CAD iyona nto ibangelwa yinto ebalulekileyo.Thetha nodokotela wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba unayo i-CAD.)
I-CAD isifo esingapheliyo esisoloko sithinta iirriyari ze-coronary kwindawo engaphezu kweyodwa, kwaye iyaqhubeka ukuqhubeka kwithuba. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uthabathe amanyathelo okunciphisa imingcipheko yakho yokuba nomnye iM esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo, wena kunye nogqirha wakho kuyakufuneka ulungise imiba emibini eyahlukileyo. Okokuqala, kuyakufuneka uthathe isinyathelo sokuthintela ukuphuka kwakhona kwepastiki ye- atherosclerotic eyenza i-MI yakho. Okwesibini, kuya kufuneka wenze konke onako ukugxotha okanye ukumisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-CAD yakho.
Ukunciphisa Ubungozi obukhawuleza
Izigulane eziphila kwi-MI zinokuba nobungozi obuninzi bokufumana ukuphindaphinda kwe -acon coronary syndrome (ACS) kwiiveki ezimbalwa okanye kwiinyanga. I-ACS-ebangelwa ukuphuka kweplate - ivelisa i- angina engaqinisekanga okanye enye i-MI.
Ezi zihlandlo "zokuqala" ze-ACS zivame ukubangelwa ukuphuka kwakhona kweplathi efanayo eyenza iMI yasekuqaleni.
Umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda kwangoko uphezulu xa i-plaque "yecala" isenza i-blockage inxalenye ebalulekileyo kwi-coronary artery.
Ukuba i-MI yakho enzima yayiphathwe ngendlela engabonakaliyo (oko kukuthi, nge- angioplasty esheshayo kunye ne-stenting), ngoko mhlawumbi i-plateprit punprit iyakuthi isetyenziswe.
Ibali lihluke ukuba endaweni yoko uphathwe ngokungenasiphelo ngamachiza e- thrombolytic . Ezi zi yobisi - ezibizwa nangokuthi "i-clot-busters" - zivula umzobo ogqithisiweyo ngokuphelisa i-clot yegazi echaphazelekayo eyenzeka nge-ACS. Nangona kunjalo, i-plaque ye-plap ihlala ingxaki. Ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba uhambe esibhedlele kuya kuba kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukuba ukukhutshwa okuyingxenye ebalulekileyo kusekhona. Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ngento yokunyanyiswa kwemizimba , okanye ukutyikitya / ukufundisisa i-thallium .
Ukuba kunqunywe ukuba uvimba obalulekileyo luhlala, ugqirha wakho uya kuxoxa nawe ngeendlela zokwenza unyango olujoliswe ekukhuseleni ukuphindaphinda kwe-ACS - okuya kubandakanya unyango lwe-CAD , i-angioplasty, kunye ne-stenting, okanye i- coronary artery bypass grafting .
Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wexesha elide
Ngokuqhelekileyo emva kwe-MI, izigulane zishiywe ngolu hlobo lokuba, ewe, zineengxaki ezibalulekileyo zezokwelapha, kodwa ngoku ziye zaqwalaselwa, kwaye ziyakwazi ukuqhubeka kunye nobomi babo ngokungathi akukho nto ishintshile.
Akukho nto inokuthi ivela kwi nyaniso. Ayikwazi ukugxininisa kakhulu ukuba i-atherosclerosis isifo esiqhubekayo esingasigxina esoloko sichaphazela indawo ezininzi kwiimitha ze-coronary arteries.
Naliphi na i-atherosclerotic plaque - kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu bayo - ingawaphula kwaye ivelise ii-ACS.
Ngoko xa unako iMM, ngoko kufuneka wenze konke onokukwazi ukucotha okanye ukumisa ukuqhubela phambili kwenkqubo yokugula. Oku kuya kufuna ukuzibophezela okukhulu kwinxalenye yakho, kunye noogqirha bakho.
Kukho iinkalo ezibini eziqhelekileyo wena kunye nogqirha wakho kuya kufuneka ukuba ujongane neyeza-machiza kunye neenguqu zokuphila. Elula yonyango lonyango.
Ulwaphulo lweMithi emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo
Ukukunceda ukukhusela ii-MIs ezizayo, kufuneka unikezwe iziyobisi eziye zaboniswa ukuba ziphucise ukuqhubela phambili kwe-CAD okanye zikhusele ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwe-artery coronary disease (ngokuthintela i-clotting blood acute eyenza ukufunyanwa).
Ezi zi yobisi zi-statins kunye ne-aspirin.
Izitatimende: Izilingo ezininzi zonyango ngoku zibonisa ukuba ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-statin emva kokuba i-MI inciphise kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba nomnye iM, kunye nomngcipheko wokufa. Esi siphumo sisebenza nakwizigulane ezingamazinga e-cholesterol aphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ngaphandle kokuba ungakwazi ukunyamezela imimiselo, kufuneka uthathe enye emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo yakho.
I-Aspirin: I- Aspirin inciphisa "ukunyaniseka" kweeplatelet zegazi, ngaloo ndlela unciphisa ithuba lokuphuhlisa i-blood clot kwisiza se-atherosclerotic plaque. I-Aspirin iboniswe ekunciphiseni kakhulu umngcipheko wokufa kwizigulane ezineCAD eyaziwayo, kwaye kufuneka imiselwe kuyo yonke i-MI ngaphandle kokuba zikhona izizathu ezinamandla.
Ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni anike imithi ejoliswe ekukhuseleni i- angina . La mayeza angabandakanya i- nitrates , okanye i- calcium channel blockers .
Ukongeza kwezi zi yobisi, kufuneka ufumane i-blocka blockers kunye nee-inhibitors ze-ACE ukunceda ukukhusela ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo.
Imiba Yokuphila Emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo
Kanye kubaluleke nje ngokuba unyango lweziyobisi yindlela yokuphila eya kutshintsha eyona nto iya kunciphisa umngcipheko wexesha elide emva kwe-MI. Ezi ziquka ukufezekisa nokugcina ubunzima obukhulu, ukuqala ukutya okunomsoco , ukuphelisa ukusetyenziswa kwecuba, ukuphumeza ukulawula kakuhle kwesifo sikashukela kunye nomfutho wegazi ophezulu (ukuba kukho) kunye nokuzibandakanya rhoqo.
Wonke umntu uyaqonda ukuba ukwenza oku kutshintshwa kwendlela yokuphila kunzima kunokuba uthathe ipilisi. Kodwa khumbula: ukufumana ukuxilongwa kwe-CAD ngokwenene kukho ukubiza kwiingalo. Unesifo esiya kuba sibi ngaphezu kwexesha ngaphandle kokuba uhlasele njengokuba uza kuhlasela ukuxilongwa komhlaza. Unyango alulula, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo lusebenza kakuhle. Yenza isinyithi ngokwakho, gxininisa, kwaye wenze iinguqulelo zokuphila ofuna ukuzenza.
Into ebalulekileyo yokukunceda ukufezekisa utshintsho oluphambili lokuguqula impilo yakho kukuba ugqirha wakho akuthumele kwiprogram yokulungiswa kwenhliziyo. Oogqirha abaninzi, ngelishwa, bawutyeshela le nyathelo ebalulekileyo. Ukuba lakho libala, umkhumbuze.
Uyakufuna kwakhona ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngokukodwa xa ukhuselekile ukuba uphinde uqhube umshayeli, ukulala ngesondo , kunye nayiphi na imisebenzi enqwenela ukuqhubeka nayo ngokukhawuleza xa iphephile.
Nantsi into eninzi kulokho okufuneka uyenze emva kwe MI
- Ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo
- Ukuthintela ukufa ngokukhawuleza
- Uluhlu lokuHlola lwentliziyo
Imithombo:
OGara PT, uKushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. Ngo-2013 i-ACCF / i-AHA isikhokelo sokulawulwa kwe-ST-elevation infarction: iNgxelo ye-American College of Cardiology Foundation / i-American Heart Association Task Force kwiZikhokelo zokuSebenza. Uhambo luka-2013; 127: e362.
Smith, SC Jr, Allen, J, Blair, SN, et al. Izikhokelo ze-AHA / I-ACC zokukhusela okwesibini kwizigulane ezinezonyango kunye nezinye izifo zesifo se-atherosclerotic: uhlaziyo luka-2006 oluvunywe yiNational Heart, Lung, ne-Blood Institute. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 2130.