Kukho iiNxibelelwano ezibalulekileyo phakathi kwe-Autism kunye neZondlo
I-Autism ayibangelwa ukungondleki okanye imingeni enxulumene nokutya. Kodwa oko akuthethi akukho ukuxhamla phakathi kwe-autism nokutya. Njengoko kunjalo, uphando lubonisa ukuba iingxaki ezinxulumene nokutya zinempembelelo enkulu kubantu abaninzi kwibala .
Ngokwe-meta-study eyenza ukuphonononga iziphumo ezivela kwimithombo emininzi, "abantwana abane-ASD bafumana ukunyusa kakhulu iingxaki kunye neontanga." Ngamanye amagama, ukuba unomntwana ozimelayo odla kakubi, awuyedwa.
Ukutya okubi kakubi kunokukhokelela kwiinkalo ezininzi zeengxaki ezinokondla, eziza kubangela iingxaki ezivela kwimicimbi yempilo ukuya kwiingxaki zokuziphatha kwiingxaki zokuziphatha.
Kodwa-ke, kuvela ukuba "iindlela zokutya ezimbi" kunye "nokunyusa imiba" inokuwela emacaleni angaphezu kweyodwa kuba zinemibangela eyahlukahlukeneyo kunye namanqanaba amaninzi. Ukuxazulula iingxaki ngokutya, ukutya okukhethiweyo, ukungabikho kokutya kunye nokulahlekelwa kwesondlo kungenza umehluko omkhulu kwimpilo yomntwana wakho. Nazi ezinye iindlela zokuncedisa umntwana wakho (kwaye nawe!) Kunye nezinye iziphakamiso zokulungisa ingxaki.
Imiba yokutya okunxulumene neengxaki ezixhasayo
Umntwana wakho akayi kukudla i-broccoli, ii-apula, iinantambo, okanye ukutya okutya kwasekuseni. Okanye akayi kuthinta i-yogurt, ubisi, i-applesauce, isobho, okanye i-oatmeal. Kuzo zombini ezi ziimeko, kukho iphethini ekhuselekileyo yokuphepha: kwimeko yokuqala, umntwana uyala ukutya ukutya okunzima.
Kwimeko yesibini, akayi kukunyamezela ukutya okugqithisileyo okanye okuhambayo.
Abantu abane-autism banokuzikhusela kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba bayakhuthazwa lula (kwaye ke bagweme) amava athile azivalayo . Zingazonda izibane ezikhanyayo okanye isandi esikhulu. Baya kuphepheka ukuvumba okunamandla, kunye namava athile athile.
Ukutya okuthethile kunomsila kunye nokuthanda; abanye baneempawu ezithile ezinokubangela okanye ezinyanyekayo kubantwana ngabanye.
Kukho izilungiso ezimbalwa ezilula zokutya iingxaki ezinxulumene nemiceli-mngeni:
- Emva kokuba ufumene iphethini (akukho nto inqabileyo, umzekelo), uyeka ukutya okulukhuni. Yinto elula. Pheka i-broccoli uze ube yimishy. Khonza i-oatmeal esikhundleni seRiscu Krispies. Kukho konke ukufumana isondlo esilungeleleneyo kunokutya kwanoma yiphina imveliso, iphunga, okanye ukunambitha.
- Ukuba uzimisele ukuba umntwana wakho AKUBA adle iintlobo ezithile zokutya ezingenakukunyamezela, zicinge "ukuzifihla" kwezinye ukutya. Abazali abaninzi bafaka izigulana kwisonka esiphuthumayo kunye neefomfini, umzekelo.
- Ngethuba elifanayo njengoko ufumana iindlela zokufumana iimfuno zomntwana wakho, qwa lasele ukufumana unxibelelwano lweengxaki ezihlangene nolwazi olunemiba yokutya. Unako ukukunceda wena nomntwana wakho ukufunda ukutya uluhlu olubanzi lokutya.
Imiba yokutya ehambelana neengxaki zesisu
Ngokomnye uphononongo lwezifundo ezininzi, kukho "ubudlelwane obuqilileyo kunye nokulungelelanisa okuphakathi kokutya kweengxaki kunye nokungasebenzi komzimba [kubantwana abane-autism]." Oku kufunyanisiweyo, ngelixa kubaluleke kakhulu, akuthethi ukuba iingxaki ze-GI zibangele i-autism.
Oko kuthetha ntoni, nangona kunjalo, kukuba ezinye zeendlela zokuziphatha ezingaphezulu komntwana wakho zinokuthi zihambelane nentlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwegesi, ukuqhaqha, ukuhanjiswa, okanye i-acid reflux. Sombulula ingxaki ephantsi, ukhulule intlungu, kwaye umntwana wakho unokufumanisa kulula ukugxila, ucinge kakuhle, ukulawula iimvakalelo zakhe, kwaye uziphathe ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho uyathetha kwaye angachaza indlela aziva ngayo, kufuneka kube lula ukufumanisa ukuba unayo nayiphi na imiba ye-GI. Ezinye iimpawu zihudo, ukuqhaqhaqha, ukuguquka, okanye isisu esinzima. Ungabona kwakhona umntwana wakho echukumisa isisu sakhe ngokuchasene nemithwalo okanye izihlalo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo.
Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba umntwana wakho uhlangabezana neengxaki ze-GI, unokuthatha amanyathelo abalulekileyo ekujonganeni nawo:
- Qala ngokuqhagamshelana nodokotela wezilwanyana uze ucele ukuhlolwa kwe-GI. Ukuba ugqirha wezilwanyana unokungathembeki, chaza iimpawu zomntwana wakho kwaye unamathele kwizibhamu zakho.
- Nangona ulindele ukuvavanya, qalisa i-journal ukuze ulandele amava omntwana wakho. Iimpawu ze-GI zibonakala ziqala nini (emva kokutya? Phakathi kokutya? Ebusuku?)? Yikuphi ukutya kubonakala kubangela iimpawu? Ziziphi iimpawu ozikholelwayo ezibangelwa ziintlungu ze-GI okanye ukungaphumeleli?
- Abanye abantwana abane-autism babonakala bengenakwenzeka kwimveliso yobisi (enxulumene neprotheni ebizwa ngokuba yi-casein) kunye / okanye imveliso yengqolowa (gluten) . Ezi mpendulo zingenakuba yi- allergies, kodwa zinokuba zibalulekileyo. Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba umntwana wakho uphendula ngokungafanelekanga ubisi okanye i-gluten, unokuqwalasela ukuqala kokutya okungenayo i- gluten kunye / okanye i-casin-free . Kubaluleke kakhulu, nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ufumana ukondla okwaneleyo, ngoko kuyilungileyo ukuba usebenze kunye nodokotela wezilwanyana okanye kunye nomhlengikazi.
Imiba yokutya okunxulumene ne-Autistic Behavior Patterns
Njengabantwana abaninzi, abantwana abane-autism bavame ukukhetha iinkukhu kunye ne-pizza kwi-salads neziqhamo. Ngokungafani nabantwana abaninzi, nangona kunjalo, abantwana abane-autism banokubambelela ngokukhethekileyo ekukhethweni kokutya kwaye banqabe ukuba benze utshintsho oluncinane. Ukuba kuyadingeka ukuba udle i-carrot stick, umntwana ongu-autistic angancibilika njengesityalo samandla enyukliya!
Ngelixa kunokwenzeka ukuba oku kukhethwa ngokugqithiseleyo kuyabonakala (jonga icandelo elingentla), kunokwenzeka ukuba umntwana wakho uye waqulunqa isimiso esinzima kakhulu ukutshintsha . Abantu abane-autism, ngokubanzi, bakhetha ukufana kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye neendlela, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha imfuno enamandla yokwabelana ingangena endleleni yokutya okufanelekileyo.
Ukuba unengxaki yomntwana we-autistic ukuba adle izinto ezifanayo, ngomyalelo ofanayo, usuku nosuku ngaphandle, qalisa ngokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ingxaki yangempela. Ukuba umntwana wakho udla ukutya okunqongophele kodwa okugqibeleleyo (iiprotheni ezi-2 okanye ezi-3 kuphela, i-carbohydrates, kunye namafutha) kungenokwenzeka ukuba kunjalo ukuba akayinkathazo yondlo. Ukuba unenkxalabo, unokongeza nje ukutya kwakhe kunye ne-vitamin ezininzi. Emva koko, lawula kunye / okanye ukujongana neengxaki okanye izifo zomzimba (jonga amacandelo angentla).
Ukucinga ukuba ukutya komntwana wakho kumpofu, kwaye sele usujongene nayo nayiphi na imiba okanye imizimba yomzimba, kuya kufuneka ulungise ukuziphatha. Kukho iindlela ezininzi ongazithatha, kwaye unokudibanisa uze udibanise:
- Sebenzisa indlela yokuziphatha, okunye eyaziwa ngokuba yinkohlakalo. Yibize oko uya kuthanda, xa uxelela umntwana wakho "udle umlingo wesipinashi kwaye ndiya kukunika umvuzo," uyabaxhaphaza ukuba wenze oko ufuna ukuba benze. Ukukhwabanisa kunokusebenza kakuhle, kodwa kunokubuya kwakhona. Qaphela ukuba, ungaboneli, unikele ithoyilo yonke into yokutya okutsha, njengoko unako ukuphazamiseka! Okubi kakhulu, umntwana wakho uya kuxhomekeka kwimiphumo kunye nemivuzo.
- Fumana ukutya okufana neentando zakhe. Ukuba umntwana wakho uyayithanda inkukhu yeenkukhu, amathuba okuba uya kukunandipha inkukhu (inhlobo ehlukile). Inokuthi ikulungele ukuzama iintonga zeentlanzi (uhlobo olufanayo kunye nokuthungwa) okanye nokuba nenkukhu ethosiweyo. Ngokufanayo, umntwana othanda i-apple sauce angathanda ukuzama iiplisi ze-apple okanye i-apple pie.
- Izinketho zokunikela . Kwabanye abantwana abanalo ne-autism, ukutya kukunye kweendawo ezimbalwa apho bazivakalelwa khona. Kunokuba ungene kumzabalazo wamandla, unike umntwana wakho ukhetho oluninzi kwaye makhe akhethe oko akukhethayo. Abanye abazali basebenzisa ama-muffin amathole ukunikela nge-smorgasbord yamathuba amancinci.
- Bhala ibali loluntu . Amabali ezentlalo ngamabali amfutshane, ngamanye amaxesha ngemifanekiso, ukuze ubhale ngokuthe ngqo ukulungiselela umntwana wakho into entsha. Ungabhala, umzekelo, "Xa sidla ixesha lokutya, ndihleli etafileni.
- Yibetha. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukwandisa i-horizons yengane ngaphandle kokuqonda ukuba kwenzeke. Ngokomzekelo, ukunikela ingqolowa eninzi yengqolowa eyintandokazi kunokunyusa isondlo sayo sesondlo.
Izibonelelo kunye noPhando
Uphando oluninzi luye lwaphuma kumbandela we-autism kunye nesondlo. Eminye inceda kakhulu ekukhokeleni iintsapho kunye noogqirha. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele, nangona kunjalo, akusiyo yonke uphando olulinganayo, kwaye ezinye zenziwa nge-ajenda ethile kwingqondo. Ngokomzekelo, abaphandi bangenza izifundo ukuze baqinisekise imveliso abafuna ukuyithengisa, okanye baqinisekise abazali ukuba imbono ethile ichanekile.
Luluphi Uphando Oluthethayo Kwanjalo
Izifundo eziphindiweyo, eziphandulweyo zibonise ukuba:
- Abantwana abane-autism benza, ngokwenene, banemibuzo emininzi yokutya kunabanye abantwana.
- Abantwana abane-autism benza, eneneni, baneengxaki ezininzi ze-GI kunabanye abantwana. Isizathu salo asikabikwa, nangona kukho iingcamango ezininzi.
- Abanye abantwana abane-autism banomdla kwiindawo ezithile zokutya ezifana ne-casein, gluten, i-sweeteners yokufakelwa, kunye nedayi (oku kunjalo ngabantwana abangenawo i-autism).
- Abanye abantwana abane-autism, mhlawumbi ngenxa yeendlela zokutya ezikhethiweyo, banokungabikho kokutya okunokondla okungaqwalaselwa ngokuvelisa.
- Ezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ezinengxaki zikhutshwe ngokungqinelana nemicimbi yokutya / yokutya, kunye nokunciphisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kubandakanywa utshintsho lokutya kunye nezongezelelo.
- Ngenxa yokuba abantu abane-autism badla ngokuxhalabisa, kwaye ukuxhalaba kudla ngokudibanisa nokuphazamiseka kokutya, kubonakala ngathi abantu abane-autism basengozini yokutya izifo ezifana ne-anorexia kunye ne-bulimia.
Akukho uphando olusisigxina, oluphindaphindiweyo lubonisa ukuba i-autism ibangelwa kukutya okhethekileyo okanye inokunyangwa ngokutshintsha kwezondlo kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo.
Fumanisa Okuninzi
UNicole Withrow noJennifer Franck baqulunqa isixhobo sokubhenca esibizwa ngokuba yi- Sensory, i-Aberrant Meal Time Inventory for Eating (SAMIE) , abaye bayisebenzisa ngokusebenzisa uphando kwiqela elikhulu labantwana kunye nentsha ene-autism. Esi sixhobo sinceda abazali kunye neengcali ukuba bafumane ingxaki kwimingeni ethile abayidingayo ukujongana nayo, kwaye banikeze ulwalathiso oluthile malunga nento.
> Imithombo:
> Coury, D, et al. Izimo zesondlo kubantwana abane-disism disorder disorder: ukuphuhlisa i-ajenda yophando. Pediatrics. Novemba 2012, UVOLUME 130 / ISSUE Supplement 2
> I-Cermak, S. Ubuninzi bokuvakalelwa kunye nokukhethwa kokutya kubantwana abaneengxaki ze-autism. Isikhokelo esipheleleyo kwi-Autism. I-Springer Reference, 2014. iphe 2061-2076. INGXELO 10.1007 / 978-1-4614-4788-7_126
> Sharp, WG, Berry, RC, McCracken, C. et al. Ukuxhamla iingxaki kunye nokudla okunomsoco kubantwana abaneengxaki ze-autism: i-meta-analysis kunye nokuhlaziywa okubanzi kweencwadi. I-Autism Dev Disord (2013) 43: 2159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1771-5
> Vissokera, R. et al. Ukutya kunye neengxaki zokusondeza kunye nokungasebenzi komzimba kwisifo se-Autism Spectrum Disorders. Uphando kwi-Autism Spectrum Disorders, Umqulu 12, uEpreli 2015, iphepha 10-21 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.12.010