I-Hepatitis A, B, C, D, ne-E
Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu ze-viral hepatitis, A, B, C, D, ne-E, nganye ibangelwa yi-virus ye-hepatitis. Funda malunga nendlela onokufumana ngayo nganye yee virus, indlela ongayidlulisela ngayo kwabanye abantu, izifo abazibangelayo, kunye nonyango.
I-Hepatitis A
I-Hepatitis A ibangelwa ngokutya ukutya kunye namanzi okusela anetyholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-HAV. Inokubangelwa nokuqhagamshelana ngomlomo ngomlomo ngexesha lesini.
Nangona kungabangela ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwesibindi, akukhokelela kwiimeko ezingapheliyo, okanye ubomi obude, izifo. Phantse wonke umntu ofumana i-hepatitis A unokufumana ngokupheleleyo. Kukho isitofu sokukhusela i-hepatitis A enganikwa abantwana okanye abasengozini yabantu abadala. Ukusebenzisa ucoceko olulungileyo kunye nokuhlamba izandla kunganciphisa ingozi yokufumana isifo sengculaza ye-hepatitis A.
I-hepatitis B
I-Hepatitis B ibangelwa yintsholongwane yeHBV. Isasazeka ngoqhagamshelwano kunye negazi lomntu ogulayo, isilwanyana, okanye olunye umzi womzimba. Kwaye, isifo esithathelwana ngesondo (STD) . Unokufumana i-hepatitis B nge:
- Ukuba nesondo esingakhuselekanga (ungasebenzisi iikhondom) nomntu osulelekileyo.
- Ukukwabelana ngezilonda zeziyobisi (izidakamizwa ezingekho mthethweni njenge heroin kunye ne-cocaine okanye izidakamizwa ezisemthethweni ezifana namavithamini kunye ne-steroids).
- Ukufumana i-tattoo okanye ukubhoboza umzimba kunye neenaliti kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo komnye umntu.
- Ukuhlaselwa ngentsalane enegalelo legazi kuyo (abasebenzi bezempilo abanokufumana i-hepatitis B ngale ndlela).
- Ukukwabelana ngesibindi sezinyo, i-razor, okanye ezinye izinto zomntu nomntu ogulayo.
- Umfazi osulelekileyo unokunika i-hepatitis B kwintsana yakhe ekuzalweni okanye ngobisi lwebele.
- Ngokuluma komnye umntu.
Nge-hepatitis B, isibindi sinyuka. I-Hepatitis B ingaba yintsholongwane enokuthi ingabangela ukulimala kwesibindi, okungabangela umdlavuza.
Abanye abantu abakwazi ukuphelisa intsholongwane, okwenza isifo esingapheliyo, okanye ubomi bude. Ukuhlolwa kwebhanki yegazi, konke ukunikezelwa ngegazi ngenxa ye-hepatitis B, kunciphise kakhulu ingozi yokufumana intsholongwane yegazi okanye iimveliso zegazi.
Kukho isitofu sokukhusela i-hepatitis B kwaye iyacetyiswa kuwo wonke umntu, ukusuka kwiintsana ukuya kubantu abadala, ukukhusela ukufumana isifo.
I-Hepatitis C
I-Hepatitis C ibangelwa yiHIV. Isasazeka ngendlela efanayo ne-hepatitis B, ngokuqhagamshelana negalelo lomntu ogulayo, umzi, okanye umzimba okhoyo (jonga ngasentla). Njenga-hepatitis B, i- hepatitis C ibangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi kwaye ingabangela umonakalo wesibindi ongakhokelela kumhlaza. Uninzi lwabantu abane-hepatitis C bahlakulela isifo esingasigxina. Oku kunokukhokelela ekubhenkeleni kwesibindi, esibizwa nge-cirrhosis. Iimvavanyo zebhanki zegazi zonke zinikele ngegazi ngenxa ye-hepatitis C, kakhulu ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana intsholongwane kwigazi okanye kwimveliso yegazi. Akukho sitofu sokukhusela i-hepatitis C. Kufuneka usebenzise amanyathelo okuphepha ukuze uphephe ukungena kwigazi kunye nomzimba wamanzi, njenge-HIV.
I-hepatitis D
I-Hepatitis D ibangelwa yiHIVV. Unokufumana i-hepatitis D kuphela xa sele usulelekile nge-hepatitis B. Isasazeka ngokuqhagamshelana negazi elisulelekileyo, iinaliti ezingcolileyo ezine-HDV kubo, kunye nesondo elingakhuselekanga (ngokungasebenzisi ikhondom) nomntu osuleleka kwi-HDV.
I-Hepatitis D ibangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi. Ukuthintela i-hepatitis B ngokugonywa nokukhusela igazi kunye nomzimba ngokubonakalayo ngokusesikweni kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela ukufumana i-hepatitis D.
I-hepatitis E
I-Hepatitis E ibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-HEV. Ufumana i-hepatitis E ngamanzi okusela anetyholongwane. Olu hlobo lwe-hepatitis aluqhelekanga kwi-US Lubangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, kodwa akukho monakalo wesikhathi eside. Iyakwazi ukusasazeka ngokuqhagamshelana ngomlomo. Akukho sikhohlo kule gciwane. Zenza ucoceko olufanelekileyo kwaye uphephe ukusela amanzi okupompo xa uhamba ngehlabathi.
Umthombo:
> I-Hepatitis A nge-E (i-Viral Hepatitis) | NIDDK. AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/viral-hepatitis.