Iingenelelo kunye neziNzuzo zoMdibaniso weKhemotherapy
Yintoni edibanisa i-chemotherapy, xa isetyenziselwa ntoni, kwaye yintoni inzuzo kunye nokungalunganga kwindlela yokwenza unyango?
Sibanzi
I-chemotherapy yokudibanisa ibhekiselele ekusebenziseni iyeza elilodwa kunekhemotherapy ngexesha lokunyanga umdlavuza. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, umdlavuza wawusoloko uphathwe ngesicatshulwa esisodwa, kodwa unyango lwangoku kukho ezininzi iintlobo zomhlaza zisebenzisela ukudibanisa ezimbini okanye izidakamizwa ezahlukeneyo ngokufanayo.
Imbali yoMdibaniso weKhemotherapy
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-chemotherapy ukuphelisa umdlavuza kwaphefumlelwa kuma-1960 xa izazinzulu zazizibuza ukuba ingaba indlela yokwelapha isifo sofuba-kusetyenziswa inhlanganisela yamayeza okunciphisa umngcipheko wokuchasana - iya kusebenza unyango lomhlaza. Ukusebenzisa le ndlela, iintsholongwane ezazifudula ziphantse kufana nehlabathi jikelele njenge -leyemia ye-lymphocytic kunye ne- Hodgkin's lymphoma yaba yinyango. Ukususela ngeli xesha, i-chemotherapy edibeneyo iye yamkelwa ukunyangwa kwamanye amaninzi emdlavuza.
Ngama-1970, i-chemotherapy edibeneyo yafunyanwa ukuba iyasebenza ngakumbi kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kwaye banempumelelo ngakumbi kunokuba "i-chemotherapy elandelelanayo" okanye ukusebenzisa imithi yechemotherapy enye ngexesha ngexesha ngokulandelelana, kunokuba ngexesha elifanayo.
Inzuzo
Kukho iingenelo ezininzi zokusebenzisa ukudibanisa imithi ye-chemotherapy kunokuba i-agent engabodwa.
Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Ukunciphisa ithuba lokuba i-tumor izakuxhathisa unyango. Kanye njengoko inhlanganisela ye-antibiotics ingasetyenziselwa ukuba kukho ibhakteria ethile engagxininisi kwenye yeyeza, ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwe-chemotherapy kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba i-tumor iya kunqandwa kunyango.
- Ukwenza kube lula ukunika onke amayeza ngokukhawuleza kweso sifo.
- Ukukwazi ukujongana neethagethi eziliqela kwinkqubo yomhlaza ngexesha elifanayo. I-Cancer isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esibandakanya amaninzi amanqanaba. Ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza e-chemotherapy esebenza kwiithagethi ezahlukahlukeneyo zee molecular, okanye iingongoma kwinkqubo yomhlaza kufuneka, kwinqanaba, liphakamise amathuba okuphelisa umhlaza.
- I-tumor "i-heterogeneity" - izazinzulu zisebenzisa i-tumor heterogeneity ukuchaza indlela iiseli zomhlaza ezixubileyo zihlukana ngayo. Ngelixa iiseli zokuqala emdlalweni "zingama-clones" - ngamanye amagama afanayo - ukuhlukana ngokulandelelana kubangele utshintsho kwiiseli. Ezinye zeentsholongwane eziphethwe kwisisu ziyakwazi ukuphendula kwisichengiselwano esithile xa ezinye ziza kuba ziphendulela kwesinye isiyobisi.
- Uphando olutsha luye lwajonga iindlela zokusebenzisa umdibaniso wamachiza e-chemotherapy angasetyenziselwa ukuvumela i-oncologists ukuba isebenzise ezinye zeziyobisi kumanqanaba amancinci, ngoko ke ukunciphisa amathuba okuba nefuthe.
Ngokwenza oko, ukusetyenziswa kwe-chemotherapy eninzi kunye neengcingo ezininzi kuye kwafunyanwa ukuphucula ubomi, okanye kubangela impendulo engcono kunyango.
Iingxaki
Ezinye iingxaki ezinokubakho zokudibanisa ziquka:
- Ubungakanani bonyango lwezonyango zesiphumo-sithintelo -.Aye ngaphandle kokuthetha ukuba nayiphi na ixesha amayeza amaninzi asetyenziswayo kunokwenzeka ukuba iziphumo zecala ziya kwenzeka.
- Ubunzima ukwazi ukuba yiyiphi imichiza eyenza umphumo othile wecala - Ukuba isigulane senza umphumo wecala xa kusetyenziswe amayeza amaninzi, kunokuba nzima ukuba ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi imithi enoxanduva.
- Ukusebenzisana kwezidakamizwa - Ngezinye iziphumo iziphumo zecala azikho ngenxa yonyango othile, kodwa ngenxa yokuphendula phakathi kwamachiza.
- Ukuqokelela kwemiphumo emibi - Ngokomzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa izidakamizwa ezimbini ezibangela ukuba i-white white cell count count, ingozi ye -neutropenia eyenziwa yi-chemotherapy (inombolo encitshisiweyo yohlobo lwegazi elimhlophe elibizwa ngokuba yi-neutrophils) landa.
U mzekelo
Kukho uninzi lweentlobo zamachiza e-chemotherapy ezisetyenziselwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza. Umzekelo ngomhlaza wemiphunga usebenzisa ukudibanisa kwePlatinol (cisplatin) kunye ne-Navelbine (vinorelbine) ukunyanga umhlaza wesifo somhlaza wesininzi.
Ngamanye amaxesha isichazamazwi sisetyenziswe ukuchaza i-chemotherapy ehlangeneyo. Omnye umzekelo ngu- ABVD yesifo sikaHodgkin esimele ukudibanisa imithi ye-chemotherapy i-Adriamycin (doxorubicin), i-Blenoxane (i-bleomycin), i-Oncovin (i-vinblastine) kunye ne-DTIC-Dome (dacarbazine).
Ukujamelana
Ziqhelanise nemiphumo echaphazelekayo yechemotherapy kunye nemiphumo engapheliyo yechemotherapy , kodwa khumbula ukuba iindlela zokulawula ezi mpawu ziye zathuthuka ngokuphawulekayo kwiminyaka yamuva. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaninzi abasayi kuba nesicathulo kunye nokuhlanza nakwizilwanyana ezinokubangela ukuba le mpawu.
Ukwenza iintsuku ngexesha le-chemo lihamba ngokukhawuleza, khangela uluhlu olubalulekileyo lwezinto zokupakisha i-chemotherapy .
Imithombo:
Delbaldo, C., Michiels, S., Syz, N. et al. Izinzuzo zokufaka iDrug kwi-Agent-Single okanye 2-Agent Chemotherapy I-Regimen kwi-Advanced-Non-Small-Cell Cell Lung Cancer. JAMA . 2004. 292 (4): 470-484.
DeVita, V. kunye no-E. Chua. Imbali yeCancer Chemotherapy. Uphando lweCancer . 2008. 68: 8643.
Hu, M., Huang, P., Wang, Y., Su, Y., Zhou, L., Zhu, X., kunye no-D. Yan. I-Synergistic Combination Chemotherapy ye-Camptothecin kunye ne-Floxuridine nge-Self-Assembly ye-Amphiphilic Drug-Drug Conjugate. Bioconjugate Chemistry . 2015. 26 (12): 2497-506.
Zimmermann, G. et al. Iinkqubo ezininzi ezijoliswe kuzo: xa lonke likhulu kunexabiso leziqendu. UkuThengiswa kweMithi namhlanje . 2007. 12 (1-2): 34-42.