Iimbangela, ukuxilongwa, kunye nonyango kunokuhluka kubantu abadala
Nangona i- hypertension isicinga ukuba "isifo sabantu abadala," inani elinyukayo labantwana abaselula kunye nabancinci lihlaselwa lixhoba lokunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi.
Intsha e-US iyalinganisa ngakumbi kwaye isebenzise ngaphantsi kwezizukulwana ezidlulileyo. Ngenxa yoko, ixabiso lexinzelelo eliphezulu legazi phakathi kweli qela likhule ngokukhula ngokukhawuleza.
Ngokomphando opapashwe ngo-Apreli 2016 umxholo we-Journal of Clinical Hypertension, ngaphezu kwepesenti enye yabantwana base-US phakathi kweminyaka eli-8 ukuya kwe-17 banomfutho ophezulu wegazi, ngelixa iipesenti ezingaphezu kweesithandathu (okanye malunga nabantwana aba-15) uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi olubonisa ukunyanzelwa kwegazi .
Oku akusi ngaphantsi kwamahlanu ngesantya esibonwe ngasekupheleni kwee-1980 nakwe-1990.
Iingxaki ze-Teenage Hypertension
Kwakukholelwa ukuba ukunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi kwintsholongwane yayinxulumene nenkinga engundoqo kunye nentliziyo okanye iintso. Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba oku akunjalo kwaye abatsha namhlanje bahlakulela umfutho wexinzelelo ophezulu malunga namazinga afanayo njengabantu abadala.
Amaninzi amaninzi achazwa njengengcinezelo yonyango eyintloko , oku kuthetha ukuba akusiyo imiphumo yesinye isimo sempilo. Nangona iinjongo eziphambili zengcinezelo yondlondlo engazange iqondwe ngokupheleleyo, ixhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto zokuphila ezinokuguqulwa ezifana nokunyamezela nokunciphisa umzimba.
Ngelixa abantu abaninzi bathanda ukucinga ngabaselula njengenguqu ezincinci zabantu abadala, iinguqu zengqondo ezenziwa ngabafana ziya kubabeka engozini. Ukutshintsha kweHormone kunye nokukhula okukhawulezayo kunokubangela ukwanda kwexesha le-cholesterol kunye neemeko zengcinezelo yegazi, iimeko apho kunzima ukutya, ukungabikho kokuzivocavoca nokutshaya.
Ngenxa yoko, nangona umntwana engenayo imbonakalo yenyama yokunyanya, ukuxinzelelwa kwegazi kunye nokufundwa kwe-cholesterol kungawela kakuhle phakathi kwendawo ebonakalayo ngobuncinane.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukufumanisa ukunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi kwintsholongwane kunzima kakhulu kunabantu abadala. Ngabantu abadala, kukho isicwangciso esicacileyo sokubaluleka kwenani lokulawula ukuxilongwa.
Oku akusiyo intsha kunye nabaselula, ikakhulu ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kubantu abangaphantsi kwe-20 ababa neengozi ezifanayo zempilo njengalezo ezingaphezu kwe-40 (ezifana nokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okanye ukushaya kwesisu).
Ngaloo ndlela, ukuxilongwa kwintsholongwane kusekelwe kwizinto ezintlanu ezibalulekileyo:
- Ubudala
- Ngesini
- Ukuphakama
- Ukufundwa kwengcinezelo yegazi ye-systolic (ukunyusa kwengcinezelo yegazi ebonisa ukuba uxinzelelo lwenhliziyo lusebenza njengezivumelwano)
- Ukufundwa kwengcinezelo yegazi ye-diastolic (ixabiso legazi lezantsi elithintela uxinzelelo xa intliziyo igxotha)
Ezi zithethe zithelekiswa namanye a makhwenkwe okanye amantombazana ukukhetha apho umntwana owela khona kunye ne-percentile ethile.
I-percentile yithelekiso phakathi kwexabiso elithile kunye nexabiso leqela lonke. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwangaphantsi kwe-90, lithetha ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakhe luphezulu kunama-90 ekhulwini lomntu wonke umntu.
I-Blood Pressure Percentiles
I-blood pressure percentile yabantwana, ekhutshwe yi-American Heart Association, inokuchazwa ngokubanzi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo ngumxinzelelo wegazi owela phantsi kwe-90 percentile.
- I-hypertension isifo segazi esiwela phakathi kwe-90 ne-95 ye-percentiles OKANYE uxinzelelo lwegazi olungaphezulu kwe-120/80 nangona ixabiso lingaphantsi kwe-90 percentile yobudala bakhe.
- Isigaba 1 somfutho wegazi ophezulu uxinzelelo lwegazi luwela phakathi kwe-95c percentile kunye no-5.0 mmHg ngaphezulu kwe-99c percentile.
- Isigaba sesi-2 somfutho wegazi ophezulu uxinzelelo lwegazi olungaphezulu kwe-95th percentile kunye no-5.0 mmHg.
Inkqubo yinkimbinkimbi kodwa iqwalasela izinto ezinokuthi zifane neengcinezelo zegazi zentsholongwane.
Nangona uvavanyo lwegazi lwegazi lubonakala luphakamileyo xa lujongwa kwedwa, luya kugqiba lube luqhelekileyo xa lulungele ukuphakama komntwana, ubudala kunye nobulili.
Ukuthintela nokuPhathwa
Ngenxa yokuba abatsha abanomdla wokuxinzeleleka kwintlungu badla ngokubandezeleka ngeemeko zengqondo emva koko ebomini, ukungenelela kwangundoqo kubalulekile ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokugcina ukulawula ixesha elide.
Ezi ziquka ukuguquka kwendlela yokuphila njengoko:
- Ukutya ukutya okunempilo
- Ukugcina i-index ye-mass body index (BMI)
- Ukusebenzisa rhoqo
- Ukuyeka ugwayi
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala
Izinyango zokwelapha zinokuhluka kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zigxininisa iindlela zokungena kwindlela yokuphila phambi kokuba unyango luqwalaselwe. Njengabantu abadala, nawuphi na umntwana osemtsha kunye nesigaba sesi-2 somfutho wexinzelelo okanye isifo esifanelekileyo kufuneka anikezelwe ngamachiza angama-antihypertensive medication .
> Imithombo:
> Chuanwei, M .; Zhang, T; kunye ne-Xi, B. "Ubuninzi bexinzelelo lwegazi eliphakamileyo phakathi kwabantwana base-US, ngo-2013-2014." J Clin Hyperten. 2016; 18 (10): 1071. INGXELO: 10.1111 / jch.12824.
> Riley, M. kunye noBhhm, B. "Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kubantwana nakwi-Adolescents." Amer Fam Physician. 2012; 85 (7): 693-700. PMID: 22534345.