Ulingo olulawulwa ngokungahleliyo luhlobo lwesifundo sovavanyo apho abantu banikwa khona ngokukhawuleza ukuba balawulwe okanye bangenelela iqela. Emva koko, kukho into eyenziwa kwiqela lokungenelela (banikwa iziyobisi, iisemina zemfundo, ukucebisa, njl.), Ngelixa iqela lolawulo lishiywe yedwa okanye linikezelwa indawo ye-placebo. Emva kokungenelela, izazinzulu ziyabona ukuba iziphumo zihluke phakathi kwamaqela amabini.
Nangona le mibini ibinokusetyenziswa rhoqo, ngokuthethileyo akuyiyo yonke into eyenziwa ngokulandelelweyo yilingo elilawulwa ngokungahleliwe. Uvavanyo olulinganisela ukuba lube luvavanyo olulawulwa ngononophelo kufuneka lube neqela lokulawula elingafumani nkunkuma okanye ukungenelela. Ukuba loo maqela amabini ayabelwe ngamanyathelo ahlukeneyo, ngoko i-purists ayisoloko icinga ukuba ityala "lilawulwa". Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha unyango oluqhelekileyo unikezelwa kwiqela lolawulo.
Xa uzama ukufumanisa ukuba isilwanyana okanye ukungenelela kuyasebenza ekuphatheni okanye ukukhusela isifo, ilingo elilawulwa ngandlela-thile lidlalwa njengelingqinisiso yegolide . Oku kungenxa yokuba isilingo esingenangqondo, ngokungafani nesifundo sokuqwalasela, unokwenene unokufumana ingcamango enhle yokubangela. Ngomlingo olawulwa ngokungapheliyo, into ehlukile phakathi kwamaqela amabini kukuba ingaba ifumene iyeza. Ngoko ke, ukuba abantu abafumana izilwanyana baneziphumo ezingcono, kukho ithuba elifanelekileyo lokuba izidakamizwa zenze iziphumo.
Kweminye iindidi zezifundo, ukungafani okuqinileyo kodwa okubalulekileyo kunzima ukulawula.
Nangona isilingo esilawulwa ngokungahleliwe singathathwa njengendlela "engcono" yokufunda ingxaki, ezo zifundo azihlali zihamba kakuhle okanye zichanekile. Izilingo ezilawulwa ngandlela-thile nazo, ngamanye amaxesha, ngeyona ndlela ingeyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokulungisa ingxaki.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbuza ukuba ngenxa yokuba isifundo asiyiyo ilingo elilawulwa ngandlela-thile alithethi ukuba isifundo esibi okanye isifundo esingenalusizo. Endaweni yoko, isifundo ngasinye kufuneka sigwetyelwe ngokwazo ukuze sibone ukuba iziphumo zayo kufuneka zinikezelwe kangakanani. Akunjalo nazo zonke izilingo ezilawulwa ngandlela-thile zenzelwe kakuhle.
Imizekelo yezilingo ezilawulwa ngokungahleliwe
Ngethuba lokulingo lokulawulwa kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza , banokuqala ngeqela labantu abayi-1000, ama-500 aya kufumana isitofu ngelixa ama-500 aya kufumana i-placebo shot, kwaye izazinzulu ziza kubona ukuba bangaphi abantu kwiqela ngalinye aba ne- HIV ngexesha elide.
Isilingo esinokulawulwa ngokungapheliyo sonyango njengendlela yokukhusela (TaSP) inokunika umntu onentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwisibini esithile se-serodiscordant unyango lokuqala lwe-HIV . Emva koko iqela lolawulo luza kufumana unyango oluqhelekileyo (elinde ukuqala ikota , ukukhuthaza iikhondom). Ezi zifundo zazisetyenziselwa ukubonisa ukuba i-TaSP iyindlela efanelekileyo yokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwezesondo ze-HIV.
Imithombo:
UHoffmann CJ, uGallant JE. Isisombululo kunye nobungqina bonyango lwe-anti-immunodeficiency virus njengendlela yokuthintela kumanqanaba ngamnye kunye noluntu. I-Dis Dis Dis Clin North Am. 2014 Dec; 28 (4): 549-61.
I-Paquette D, uSchanzer D, Guo H, Gale-Rowe M, Wong T. Impembelelo yonyango lwe-HIV njengokuthintela phambi kwamanye amaqhinga okuthintela: izifundo ezifunyenwe ekuhlaziyweni kweemodeli zeemathematika ezisetyenziswe kwizizwe ezinotyebi. PreV Med. 2014 Jan; 58: 1-8. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.ypmed.2013.10.002.