Uvavanyo lwezeMpilo lokuHlola lweMadoda

by Mark Stibich, PhD

Ziziphi iimpawu zezempilo ezifunwa nguMadoda

Iimvavanyo zokuhlolwa kwezeMpilo zenzelwe ukunceda amadoda abone izifo ekuqaleni kokuba isenzo singathathwa ukukhusela okanye ukunciphisa isifo.

Ezi mvavanyo zezempilo zikhethwe ngokukhethekileyo yi-US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) kuba ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kunokukhokelela ekuthintela nasekukhuselweni okusindisa ubomi. Ukuba ukulondoloza ubomi bakho akusizathu esaneleyo sokufumana iimvavanyo zakho zokuhlola, ucinga malunga nosapho lwakho okanye imali ongayigcina inkqubo yokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokubamba into yokuqala ngaphambi kokuhlawula, iinkqubo zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu zifunekayo.

Ukuba udinga uncedo lokufumana ugqirha, khangela UComngeza ukunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze ufumane enye kwindawo yakho (khetha ukhethekileyo "imithi yokukhusela," "ukuqhuba ngokuqhelekileyo" okanye "intsapho").

Ngeemvavanyo zeZempilo zovavanyo zeMadoda

Olu luhlu lweemvavanyo luphuhliswe yi-USPSTF. Basebenzisa yonke ingcaciso yolwazi yesayensi ukufumana iimvavanyo ezisebenza kakuhle, zinika uncedo oluninzi lokukhusela / unyango kwaye kulula ukwenza. Hlanganisa iimvavanyo zokuhlola i zempilo kunye nezi zikhokelo zokukhusela izifo kunye nokuphila okunempilo kwisiphumo esihle.

Thetha ugqirha wakho malunga nokuba zeziphi iimvavanyo zokuhlolwa kwezempilo ezisebenza kuwe kwaye nini kwaye kufuneka uhlolwe nini na kanani. Qiniseka ukuba uzibeke uphumelele. Zinike umvuzo wovavanyo ngalunye owenzayo, kwaye qi ni sekise ukuba ugcine iirekhodi ezilungileyo zeziphumo zokuvavanya, iintsuku kunye xa ufuna iimvavanyo ezilandelayo. (Sebenzisa olu luhlu lwezinto zokuhlola ukuhlolwa kwezempilo.)

Ukunyanya

Ufanele ukubala i-index body mass (BMI).

Zithatha ubunzima bakho (ngeepounds) ezihlukeneyo ngokuphakama kwakho kwesikwere (in intshi). Thatha le nombolo kwaye uyixube nge-703. (Indlela elula yokufumana i-BMI yakho ukusebenzisa i-calculator ye-BMI inthanethi.)

Ukuba i-BMI yakho inkulu kunama-25, ngoko mhlawumbi ukhuluphele (ngaphandle kokuba uphakamisa amaninzi amaninzi okanye wenze ukuzakhela umzimba).

Ukuba i-BMI yakho ingaphezu kwe-30, ngoko ukhangeleka kakhulu. Ukugqithisa okanye ukugqithisa kwandisa ingozi kwizifo ezininzi, kuquka isifo senhliziyo nesifo sikashukela. Udinga ukugxila ekulahlekeni kwesisindo. Qala ngalezi ngcebiso ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngumzimba.

Cholesterol ephezulu

Ngokutsho kwe-USPSTF: "Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokujonga i-screening liqinisekile. Ngokwezinye izikhokelo kunye neengcamango zengcali, ukhetho olufanelekileyo luquka yonke iminyaka emihlanu, ixesha elifutshane kubantu abanamaqondo e-lipid kufuphi nalabo bafuna unyango, kunye nexesha elide kwabo kungekho engozini eyongeziweyo ephindaphindiweyo. "

Ukuba uneminyaka engaphantsi kwama-35 kwaye umsi okanye unesifo sikashukela, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye isifo senhliziyo kwintsapho yakho, xela ugqirha malunga nokubeka i-cholesterol yakho ngokuthe ngqo. Imvavanyo yeCholesterol isebenzisa ipini elula. Iindawo ezininzi zokusebenzela, iigyms, ivenkile zokutya kunye neendwendwe zinika i-cholesterol yeentsuku zokujonga iintsuku. Se benzisa loo mihla, okanye ucele nje ugqirha wakho ukuba enze uvavanyo.

Igazi elonyukayo

Ixesha elifanelekileyo lokujonga i-blood pressure lingaziwa. Izikhokelo ze-United States zokuPhusela amaSebenzi okuSebenza (i-USPSTF) zincoma ukuhlola nganye iminyaka emibili kubantu abanomfutho wegazi we-systolic (inombolo ephezulu) engaphantsi kwe-120 mHg kunye ne-diastolic yegazi (inombolo engezantsi) ngaphantsi kwe-80 mmHg kunye nonyaka kubantu abanesifo sengcinezelo segazi 120 ukuya kwi-139 mmHg okanye i-diastolic yomsindo wegazi ukusuka kwi-80 ukuya kwi-89 mmHg.

Ukuba ufumana ingcinezelo yakho ngaphandle kweofisi yakho yonyango (zithi, ngokusebenzisa umshishini kwisikhululo seziyobisi), kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi ngu-140/90 okanye ngaphezulu, yenza ukuqesha kunye nodokotela wakho kwaye uqale ukusebenza kwiinguqu zokuphila ukuze unciphise uxinzelelo lwegazi .

ICaron Cancer

Ngaphandle kokuba unembali yomdlavuza wekoloni kwintsapho yakho, ungalinda ude u-50 uqale ukuhlola umhlaza wekoloni. Ukuba unayo imbali yomdlavuza wekoloni kwintsapho yakho, xela ugqirha wakho malunga nokucwangcisa ukuhlolwa kwesifo somhlaza. Ukuhlolwa komhlaza wekolon kungabandakanya i-colonoscopy. Akulona luvavanyo olumnandi, kodwa luhle kakhulu kunokuba ufumane i-chemotherapy kunye nezinye izifo zonyango lomhlaza wekoloni ukuba awukufumani okokuqala.

Sikashukela

Ukuba une-cholesterol ephakamileyo okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ngesifo sikashukela. Olu vavanyo luvavanyo olulula lwegazi.

Cancer Cancer

Ngomhlaza wesikhumba, unokwenza okuninzi ngokuqwalasela i-moles emzimbeni wakho. Jonga kakuhle kwaye ugcine iliso malunga naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga (jonga lo mhlaza wesikhumba uhlolisise ngolwazi olungakumbi). Thatha imifanekiso xa ufuna, ngoko uya kuba nako ukubonisa ugqirha ukuba izinto ziguqukile. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na imiqondiso yomhlaza wesikhumba, yenza i-aphoyintimenti ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba unako ukutshatyalaliswa kwelanga ngokugqithiseleyo, unokufuna ukuthetha nodermatologist ukuseka isiseko, kodwa iziphakamiso zangoku aziboni inzuzo evela kwi-screenings ye-full body body for people's risk factors.

Cancer Cancer

Uphendulela ukuba ukuhlolwa kwesifo somhlaza wesifo seprotate kuxabana. Ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba bonke abantu kufuneka bahlolwe, abanye bakholelwa ukuba abantu abasemngciphekweni kuphela kufuneka bahlolwe ngelixa abanye bakholelwa ukuba ukuhlolwa komhlaza wesifo se-prostate akunakunceda nonke. Yintoni omele uyenze? Umele uthethe ugqirha wakho malunga naloo nto uze ukhuphe imbali yakho yentsapho yomhlaza wesibeletho.

Ukuxinezeleka

Ukuxinezeleka kudlalwa ingqalelo xa uthetha malunga nokuhlolwa kwezempilo kwabesetyhini. Uxinzelelo luyimeko enzulu yonyango esoloko ilashwa ngokudibanisa unyango kunye namayeza.

Uphawu olukhulu lokudakumba luvakalelwa phantsi kwaye / okanye unomdla okanye uzonwaba ukwenza izinto kwiiveki ezimbini ngaphezulu.

Ukuba le nkcazo ifanelana nawe, xela ugqirha malunga novavanyo oluphambili lokuhlola ukucindezeleka.

Izifo ezithathelwana ngesondo

Ezi zifo ziquka i-gonorrhea, i-syphilis, i-Chlamydia, nabanye (jonga i-HIV ingezantsi). Ukuba usebenza ngokwesondo, cinga ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngezi mvavanyo, ngakumbi ukuba unayo nayiphi na imihlangano yesondo engavikelekanga.

Ezi ziboniso ngokubanzi zibandakanya iimvavanyo zegazi ezilula kwaye zingenziwa ngokuyimfihlo. Khumbula, soloko usebenzisa iindlela zesondo ezikhuselekileyo .

HIV

INTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO isabhubhane samanje kunye nobungozi. Ngethamsanqa, amachiza amatsha aphucule kakhulu umgangatho nobuninzi bobomi kubantu abane-HIV.

Kufuneka ube novavanyo lwe-HIV kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zokuhlola. Ukuvavanya kwe-HIV kufuneka kuphindwe rhoqo ngonyaka xa unamanye amava anokubeka ingozi enkulu, njengale:

ukulala ngesondo esingavikelekanga kunye namaqabane amaninzi
ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (esidlulileyo okanye yangoku)
ukutshintshana ngesondo ngemali (wena okanye iqabane lakho)
ngesondo kunye nomlingane onentsholongwane kaGawulayo, ulwabelana ngesondo okanye osebenzisa iziyobisi ezinobungozi
Ukunyango okwangoku kwimeko yesifo esithathelwana ngesondo
ukudluliselwa igazi phakathi kuka-1978 no-1985

Ukuhlolwa kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo kungenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi. Iziphumo ziyimfihlo, kwaye zininzi izibonelelo kubantu abaphila ne-HIV, kuquka amachiza amasha kunye neyeza.

Aortic Aneurysm

Amadoda aphakathi kweminyaka yobudala engama-65 no-75 aphembe i-cigarettes ezili-100 ebomini babo (ba nya niseke apha) kufuneka bahlolwe ngenye ixesha kwisifo se-aortic esiswini (ngokukodwa, isitya segazi esiswini sakho esivuvukayo).

Sebenzisa le tafile njengesikhokelo sendlela yokulandelela iimvavanyo zakho zokuhlola ipilo, rekhoda iziphumo uze wazi ukuba lixesha lini lokucwangcisa ujikelezo olulandelayo lokuvavanya.

_{Umthombo (s):}

_{Amadoda: Hlalani Nempilo Ngaliphi Ixesha-Uluhlu Lwanu lweMpilo.} _{I-AHRQ Ukupapashwa ngo-07-IP006-A, ngoFebruwari 2007. I-Arhente yoPhando lwezeMpilo kunye neMigangatho, i-Rockville, MD.} _{http://www.ahrq.gov/ppip/healthymen.htm.}