Siyazi ukuba uxinzelelo aluyinto enhle kuthi, ngokukodwa imini-in, ukuxinezeleka kwimihla yokuhlala-ntsuku eqhubekayo iiveki, iinyanga kunye neminyaka, eyaziwa nangokunyamezela kwengqondo engapheliyo. Kodwa ingaba kunokuba nomthelela omkhulu kuthi? Ngaba kunokuba nefuthe lokwandisa umngcipheko wezifo ezikhethekileyo kunye kwanomdlavuza? Impendulo ibonakala ibe nguwe ewezinye izifo, kodwa akukho mpendulo ecacileyo xa ifika kumdlavuza kunye nophuhliso lwayo.
Iimpembelelo zeengqondo zengqondo
Nangona uxinzelelo oluthile luxinzelelo olungileyo olugcina lusishukumisayo kwaye lusithintele ukunyamezela, kukho olunye uhlobo loxinzelelo olubonakala lubonakala lubi.
Ngokutsho kweNational Cancer Institute (NCI), uxinzelelo lwengqondo yinto abantu abavakalelwa ngayo xa bephantsi kwengcinezelo yengqondo, yomzimba okanye yengqondo. Kwaye kukho ubungqina bokuba abantu abanamaqondo aphakamileyo ekukhathazeka kwengqondo ebomini babo, okanye bafumana uxinzelelo rhoqo kwixesha elide, bangasengozini yokuphuhlisa iintlobo zeengxaki zempilo, kuquka nomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ubuncinci ngokubhekiselele kumhlaza, kukho ezininzi ezingaziwa.
Iziphumo zoxinzelelo lwezeNgqesho
Iqela labaphandi eYunivesithi yaseMontreal eCanada lugxile kumbutho phakathi kwendawo yokusebenzela yokukhathazeka kwengqondo nomhlaza. Baye bafunda ulwalamano oluphakathi koxinzelelo oluxhomekeke emsebenzini emsebenzini wonke, kunye nophuhliso lomhlaza-into engakaze yenziwe ngaphambili.
Iziphumo zazibetha, nangona isifundo singenzelwe ukuvumela nayiphi na izigqibo eziqinileyo malunga nesibangela nesiphumo.
Kuphando, abaphandi baphenyulule amadoda angama-3,103 afunyaniswe ukuba anesifo se-11 yomhlaza phakathi kowe-1979 no-1985. Kwinye iqela, babenomdla-ndlebe abavela kumadoda angama-512 ebantwini bonke abasebenza njengolu lawulo.
Bonke abantu ababandakanyiweyo kwisifundo bacelwa ukuba bachaze ngamnye umsebenzi abasebenza kuwo ngexesha lokuphila kwabo, ngokuqwalasela ukuxinzezeleka komsebenzi kunye nesizathu sokuba baziva bexinekile emsebenzini. Indoda ephakathi kweso sifundo yayiqhube imisebenzi emine ngexesha lokusebenza kwakhe, kodwa abanye abathathi-nxaxheba babambelela kwimisebenzi emibini okanye ngaphezulu.
Ingaba kukho naziphi na izifundo zoKhathalelo lweCandelo loKhuseleko lweCandelo kwiCarcer?
Ukuvezwa ngokukhawuleza kokunyamezela emsebenzini kwakuxhomekeke kwimingcipheko enkulu yomhlaza kwi-5 kwi-11 yeziza zomhlaza. Ingqesho ubuncinane omnye umsebenzi oxinzelelekileyo unxulumene nethuba lokunyuka komdlavuza wemiphunga, ikholoni, isisu, i-rectum, isisu, kunye ne-Hodgkin lymphoma .
Abaphandi bavuma ukukhawulelana nokufunda, njengengxelo engaphezulu kwengcinezelo phakathi kwabo babenomdlavuza, kodwa baqhubeka bexhomekeke ukuba ukuba ezi ngqungquthela zixhaswa, zizakugqiba ukufumana izinto ezibalulekileyo zokufumana isayensi kunye neyeza.
Eli qela libiza ukuba ziza kuphinda zihlolisise le mibuzo-ngamanye amagama, zibonisa isidingo sophando oluqala ngeqela labantu abaphilileyo, ukulinganisa ngokunyanisekileyo uxinzelelo ngendlela echanekileyo, kwaye emva koko uhlalutyo lophuhliso lomhlaza , ngokuqwalasela yonke imithombo eyahlukileyo yoxinzelelo kunye noshintsho kwixesha elide lomsebenzi, nokulawula ezinye iinguqu kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Umyalelo omde.
Ezinye zihamba ngokubhekiselele kwimisebenzi yokuxinzelela:
- Imisebenzi ebandezelekileyo yayiquka umcimi womlilo, unjiniyela wezinyanisi, unjiniyela we-aerospace, umphathi-mbonisi, kunye nomqhubi wezithuthi kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa izixhobo.
- Uxinzelelo olunxulumene nomsebenzi ngamanye amaxesha luhluka ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi othile owenziwe.
- Ukuxinezeleka kwakubangelwa "umthwalo ophezulu wokusebenza kunye neengcinezelo zengxowanxu, kodwa nakwinkonzo yabathengi, iikomishishini zokuthengisa, uxanduva, imicimbi yezemali, ukungakhuselekanga komsebenzi, iimeko ezinobungozi , ukulawulwa kwabasebenzi, ukuxabana kwabasebenzi kunye nokuhamba nzima."
Ukujonga kwi-Biology
Uxinzelelo luchaphazela njani umzimba?
Khumbula, uxinzelelo lwengqondo lubandakanya uxinzelelo lomzimba, lwengqondo okanye lwengqondo. Ukuba ucinga ukuba abantu basekuqaleni bembali bazama ukusinda kule planethi, ufumana ingcamango yokuba uxinzelelo lusetyenziswa njani ekusiqondiseni ubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Imizimba yethu ikhulula i-hormone yoxinzelelo njenge-epinephrine kunye ne-norepinephrin esenza siqaphele kwiindawo esikuyo kwaye senze uvavanyo oluninzi olusisigxina kunokuba senze ntoni, xela xa ulala phantsi ukulala okanye ulale . La ma hormone ukwandisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukukhawulezisa intliziyo yesantya, nokuphakamisa amanqanaba eshukela egazini ukuze sikwazi ukubiza amandla ethu onke, isantya, kunye neengcingo ukuba sibalekele nayiphi na ingozi.
Abaphandi baye banyathelisa izifundo ezidibanisa ixesha elide, uxinzelelo olungapheliyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zeemeko ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iingxaki zokugaya, iingxaki zokuzala, iingxaki zokuvuthwa, kunye ne- immune system . Ukuxinzezeleka okunjalo kubonakala kunciphisa ukukhusela kwethu-akuyona ingozi abantu abahlala behla ngokubanda kubakho kwiimeko ezibalulekileyo, ngakumbi xa eso siganeko sibangele uxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalabisa.
Ngokutsho kwe-NCI, abantu abafumana uxinzelelo olungapheliyo banamathuba okusuleleka kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane ezifana nomkhuhlane okanye ubanda obuqhelekileyo kunye nokuba nekhanda, ukulala ingxaki, ukuxinezeleka kunye nokuxhalabisa. Kwakhona ngokubhekiselele kwi-NCI, nangona kunjalo, "imeko" yokuxinzeleleka njengento ebalulekileyo yomhlaza, okwangoku, ayinamandla kakhulu. Kukho uphando oluthile olubonisa ukudibanisa phakathi kwemiba eyahlukeneyo yengqondo kunye nokuvelisa umdlavuza, kodwa ezinye iingcali azibonisi le link.
Unokuyicinezela njani inkolelo yokukhulisa umngcipheko womhlaza? Elinye iqela labaphandi linomdla kwindlela ukuxinezeleka kunokuchaphazela ngayo abantu ukuba bahlanganyele ekuziphatheni okungenasiphelo ezifana nokutshaya, ukutya ngokutya nokusela ngokweqile, okanye ukusela utywala. Kulo mzekelo, ngokuyinhloko iziphatho ezingenampilo ezandisa ingozi yomntu womhlaza. Inkampu eyahlukeneyo inomdla kwimiphumo yezinto eziphilayo zengcinezelo engapheliyo, ngokwayo, kunye nokusebenzisana nophuhliso lomhlaza nokuqhubela phambili. Ikampu nganye iyavuma ukuba zombini iinkqubo zinokudlala kumntu ofanayo.
Ukuxinezeleka kunye nokusebenzisana kwayo kunye neCarcer Cancer
Ezinye iziphumo ziye zafumanisa ukuba izinto ezinxulumene nokuxininisa zihambelana nokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kweentlobo ezininzi zomhlaza, kubandakanywa neengcingo zegazi ezifana ne- leukemia kunye ne-lymphoma . Xa kuziwa engozini yokunyuka komdlavuza ngenxa yokuxinezeleka, iziphumo zeengcamango ziye zazingekho ngokuhambelanayo, ngokubhaliweyo kwiphepha elipapashwe ngo-Novemba-Disemba 2011 umxholo we-"Psychosomatic Medicine."
Ezi zifundo kunye nezinye iziganeko, kodwa zichaze ubungqina obuninzi bokuxhasa ukucinga ukuba izinto ezinjengoxinzelelo, ukuxinezeleka, kunye nokuzihlukanisa kwezentlalo zinganomphumo kwinqanaba lomhlaza oqhubekayo , kunye nabaxinzelelo baxhomekeke ekuqhubeleni umdlavuza ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba uhamba kwizifundo zezilwanyana, kukho iziphumo ezenza umntu afune ukucinga ukuba ingcinezelo engapheliyo ingakhokelela ekuphuhlisweni nasekuqhubekeni kweekhansithi ezithile. Elinye iqela labaphandi lanyula ukuba lifunde uhlobo lwe-leukemia-pre-B BONKE-usebenzisa umzekelo we mouse. Kubantu, i-leukemia ikwahlula kwiintlobo ezine ezisisiseko nge-acute vs chronic and lymphocytic. Kwiintlobo ezine, i-lymphoblastic leukemia (YONKE) iyona hlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza kubantwana abancinci , kunye ne-B ye-pre-B YONKE ifom ekhethekileyo ye-leukemia kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo.
Iziphumo ezivela kwizifundo ezenziwe kwiimiceba zinomkhuba omubi wokungabasebenzi kubantu, kwaye ngoko ngoku sisendaweni yecandelo lezesayensi elimsulwa. Uvavanyo lwe-BONKE lwe-Mouse Research study lwaluyolonwabo, nangona kunjalo, kwinqanaba lokujonga indlela ingqondo nomzimba onokuthi zidibaniswe ngayo, kunye nendlela esi sixhobo esinokusebenza ngayo kumdlavuza wegazi.
Abaphengululi baphawula ukuba kukho iimbilini ezinxulumene nokuxinzezeleka kwengxaki ezingabonakalisa umongo wethambo, leyo yindawo yesakhiwo se-cell cell. Nangona ezi zibonakaliso zentsholongwane zikholelwa ukuba zisebenza kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo (ezingekho komhlaza) ezenziwe ngegazi (i-hematopoietic progenitor cells), eli qela lophando lazibuza ukuba ingcinezelo ingabangela ukuba la mazinyo abonakaliswe ngethambo lomnxeba ngendlela, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunokuchaphazela Inkqubela phambili YONKE i-leukemia.
Abaphandi benza amangqamuzana omhlaza we-B BONKE ongu-B oza kukhanya, ukuze ahlolwe emva kokuba adluliselwe kumagundane ebhoratri. Bakufumanisa ukuba ukunyamezeleka okungapheliyo kunokukhawulezisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-B pre-B yonke i-tumor nge-pathway-signal pathway. Bacinga ukuba impembelelo yokubonakaliswa kwazo zonke i-biology yomhlaza yayingekho ngqo, kodwa ngezinye, ezingenomdlavuza, iintlobo zeeseli kwindawo leyo, njengamajoni omzimba okanye ezinye iiseli kwindawo yomnculi oqhelekileyo.
Ukuphila Ngomdlavuza kunye Nokunyamezela Ingcinezelo
Umbuzo wokulawula uxinzelelo kwaye ufikelele kwisifo esisongela ubomi yinto enzulu, kwaye enye ayinakukwazi ukujongana ngokwaneleyo kwifom yangoku. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unomdlavuza, abaninzi abantu abakwizondo zakho bathi baxhamle kwimfundo yesifo somhlaza, inkxaso yezenhlalakahle kwiqela, ukuqeqeshwa rhoqo, ukucebisa okanye ukuthetha unyango, kwakunye neyeza zokudandatheka kunye nokuxhalabisa.
Ngokutsho kweNational Cancer Institute, ukuxhatshazwa kukusetyenziswa kweengcamango kunye nokuziphatha ukulungelelanisa kwiimeko zobomi, kwaye isikolo sikhombisa ukuba abantu bajamelana neendlela ezahlukeneyo. Isitayela somntu esithandanayo sihlala siqhagamshelaniswa nobuntu babo.
Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukujamelana nokulingana kunokulingana nomsebenzi omtsha wentsuku-mali, yeentlobo. Zinike ixesha lokuzinikezela kulo, kwaye uyazi ukuba loo mfuneko yemisebenzi ingatshintsha ngeenxa zonke kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo njengoko ufikelela kwindawo entsha kwindlela yakho yomhlaza. Kukhona iimvakalelo ezahlukileyo eziza kwintsimi kwinqanaba elilandelayo, umzekelo: ukufunyanwa, ukuphathwa, ukufikelela ekupheleni kwonyango, ukuxolelwa, nokufunda umhlaza uye ubuye.
Kwimibuzo yokudakumba komhlaza, i-American Society ye-Clinical Oncology incoma ukuba sonke isigulane esinomdlavuza sihlolwe ukudandatheka xa ukuxilongwa komhlaza kuqala, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo, ngokukodwa kwizigaba eziphambili okanye ixesha lokutshintsha kumntu isifo.
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa ukudandatheka kumntu onomdlavuza. Ngokomzekelo, ukuziva ngathi ungumthwalo kwabanye kukho ingcamango eqhelekileyo engakwazi ukuza ngexesha elinye xa ulwa neemeko zakho. Akusoloko kuthetha ukuba ucinezelekile, kodwa ukuziva unetyala ngokugqithiseleyo malunga nokuba ngumqondiso wokudakumba. Uziva ungenathemba ukuba uya kuphiliswa xa usondele kufeni kusemgangathweni wengqondo, kodwa ungenalo ithemba kuzo zonke iindawo-akukho nethemba lokuba unokugcina ukhululekile, okanye akukho nethemba lokuba inzala yakho iqhubeke ikhula ubomi babo emva kokulila ilahleko-ezi zibonakalisa iimpawu zokudandatheka.
ILizwi
Abantu basebenzisa igama elithi "umdlavuza womhlaza" ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abanye abasinda kumhlaza bayazi ukuba umhlaza ekugqibeleni uya kuthatha ubomi babo, kanti abanye baphilisiwe kwaye banokulindela ukuphila ubomi obupheleleyo. Kwimeko nayiphi na imeko, abasindileyo bayatshintsha ngonaphakade kumava.
Ikamva ngokuqinisekileyo liya kuqhubeka ukutyhila iinkalo ezitsha zoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwengqondo nomzimba kwiyeza kwaye ngokukodwa kwindawo yomhlaza. Okwangoku, ukulawula uxinzelelo njengokuba unokuba luncedo ekuhlaleni umgangatho ophezulu wobomi.
> Imithombo:
> Blanc-Lapierrea A, uRousseau MC, Weiss D, et al. Ingxelo yexesha elipheleleyo lokuxinzelelo okubonakalayo emsebenzini nasemdlalweni phakathi kwamadoda: Uhlolo lokulawulwa kwetyala eMontreal, Canada. PreV Med. Ngo-2016 uMqhi 5: 96: 28-35. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.ypmed.2016.12.004. [Epub ngaphambi kokuprinta].
> INational Cancer Institute. Ukunyamezela kwengqondo kunye neCanscer. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/coping/feelings/stress-fact-sheet.
> Lamkin DM, Sloan EK, Patel AJ, et al. Ukunyamezela kwengcinezelo kukhuthaza ukuqhubela phambili kwe-lymphoblastic leukemia nge-β-adrenergic. UBrain Behav Immun . 2012; 26 (4): 635-641.