Indlela efanelekileyo yokujongana ne-asthma eyenziwa yi-virus ikhusela
Uqikelelo lwama-40 ekhulwini lwe-asthma exacerations kubantu abadala lubangelwa zizifo zentsholongwane. Oku kuthetha ukuba iintsholongwane, ezinjengezo zinto ezinokubangela ubanda obuqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane, kunokukhokelela ekuphuhlisweni okanye ekudleni kweempawu ze-asthma.
Indlela Iintsholongwane Zenza Iimpawu Zengqondo Zomzimba
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zegciwane ezinokubangela iimpawu ze-asthma:
- Uhlobo lokuqala lwe-asthma olwenziwe ngentsholongwane luchaphazela abantu abangenayo imbali yesifo se-asthma, kodwa ngubani ovelisa iimpawu ze-asthma (umzekelo, ukukhwehlela kunye nokuqhuma ) okuqala emva kokugula kwegciwane.
- Uhlobo lwesibini lwe-asthma olubangelwa yi-viral-stimulated asthma luchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abahlala benesifo sokuphefumula. Ngamanye amazwi, ukugula kwintsholongwane kuphazamisa iimpawu zabo ze-asthma.
Iimbangela ze-Virus-Induced Asthma
Iintsholongwane ezininzi zingatsholwa ngokubangela isifo se-asthma esibangelwa yi-virus. Imizekelo emibili eqhelekileyo yimijondolo ye-rhinovirus ebangela ubanda obufanayo, kunye nomkhuhlane A obangela umkhuhlane. Ezi zintsholongwane zifumaneka rhoqo kubangela i- bronchospasm (ukunciphisa i-airways) kunye ne-asthma.
Enye intsholongwane ehlanganiswe ne-asthma yintsholongwane ye-syncytial virus (RSV), enokubangela ukusuleleka kumagciwane kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Kubantwana, i-RSV ingabangela i-wheezing, ingakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emibini ubudala, engakhokelela ekubhedlele esibhedlele kunye nokufa kwiimeko ezinqabileyo. Olu konyuka ngovelwano lwengqondo lwabantwana kubangelwa i-RSV ngamanye amaxesha ludla ixesha elide emva kokuba usulelekile.
Kubantu abadala, i-RSV inokubangela ukuvuthisa nokukhupha iimpawu ze-astmma kulabo sele benesifo se-asthma, nakubantu abangenawo umlando we-asthma.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba, ngokungafani nabantwana, ukusebenza komoya kubantu abadala ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuya kubuya ngokuqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza, nangona kusenokuba kuthatha iinyanga ezimbalwa.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba ezi ntlobo zentsholongwane zentsholongwane zixhaphake kakhulu kwixesha elithile lonyaka, iimeko ze-asthma ezibangelwa yintsholongwane zithatha ukuxaka kunye nokuxhatshazwa ngamaxesha.
Ngokomzekelo, i-rhinovirus inexesha eliphakamileyo ekupheleni kokuwa kunye ne-influenza A kwimigqomo ekupheleni kwebusika. I-RSV ixhaphake kakhulu kwiinyanga zasebusika, ngexesha eliphakamileyo ukusuka ngoJanuwari ukuya kuFebhuwari eNyakatho yeNtlabathi.
Kutheni iiVirus zibangelwa i-Asthma
Xa ubhekene nentsholongwane yentsholongwane, umzimba udala impendulo yokuvukela ukuhlasela nokukhusela. Kwiintsholongwane eziphezulu zokuphefumula, ezinjengezo ezihamba kunye nokubandayo okanye umkhuhlane, le mpendulo ingabangela ukuvuvukala kwamanzi kunye nokukhupha umkhiqizo we-mucus.
Ngokubanzi, akucaci ukuba iipilisi zihlasela i-airway engezantsi ngokubangela ukuba iimpawu zesifo se-asthma, okanye ukuba izinto ezivuzayo eziveliswe ngamaseli anentsholongwane ephezulu zichaphazela indlela ephantsi.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Virus-Impuced Asthma
Abantu abaninzi abane-asthma eqhubekayo banokuqonda xa iimpawu zabo ziba nzima. Nangona kunjalo, ingcamango enhle kubantu abane-asthma ukuba babe nemitha yokuphamla , okuyiyona nto ifowuni oyifakayo ukulinganisa indlela imiphunga isebenza ngayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kuncipha ngokukhawuleza kwinani lokuphuma kweeprayim (ngaphantsi kwama-80 ekhulwini weqhelekileyo) ngaphandle kokuba nempawu ezihambelanayo.
Nabani na ophawula ukwehla okukhulu kwiinombolo zokuhamba kweeprayimari, xa kuthelekiswa namazinga omntu aqhelekileyo aqoshiwe imihla ngemihla, kufuneka abize udokotela wabo ngcebiso malunga nokwandisa imishanguzo ye-asthma okanye ukufuna unyango.
Udokotela kufuneka akwazi ukufumanisa i-asthma eyenziwa yi-viral-stimulated asthma kulabo abangenayo imbali ye-asthma ngokuphulaphula imiphunga. Ugqirha unokukwazi ukwenza iipumphu kunye ne-throb swab okanye uthathe isampuli ye-sputum ukuze ubone ukuba unesifo segciwane.
Amagqirha amaninzi anepembelelo yokuhamba kweemitha kwiiofisi zabo, ezingasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ukuvinjelwa kwamanzi. Ukuba loo mntu akaqapheli ukuphakama kwakhe kwendlu, ugqirha unokuthelekisa iinombolo zegulane kwizinto eziza kuxelwa kumntu ofanayo ngesini, ubudala kunye nobukhulu.
Ukuthintela i-Virus-Induced Asthma
Okwangoku, ayikho imishanguzo efanelekileyo yokuphatha ezi ntsholongwane eziqhelekileyo kunye nokukhusela ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se- asthma .
Uphulo olungcono kakhulu lukhuselo, kwaye iindlela ezine ezifanelekileyo zokwenza oku ziquka:
- Ukufumana umkhuhlane udutshulwa minyaka yonke
- Ukuhlamba izandla rhoqo ngesephaphu namanzi
- Ukunciphisa uxhumano nabantu abaneempawu eziphezulu zokuphefumula
- Ukuphepha ukuthintela amehlo akho, impumlo, okanye umlomo, yindlela ama-virus asasazeka ngayo
Abantwana abathile abakwiindawo ezinobungozi obuphezulu (umzekelo, iintsana ezizalwe ngaphambi kweveki ezingama-35 zesisu okanye iintsana ezinesifo esingapheliyo sesifo samaphaphu) ngoku sinikezelwa ngamachiza okukhusela okuthiwa i-Synagis (palivizumab). Eli nyanga liyi-anti-anti-RSV kwaye liboniswe ukunciphisa izinga lokulaliswa kwezibhedlele ezihambisana ne-RSV.
Unyango lwe-Virus-Out Impedm
Unyango lwe-asthma eyenziwa yi-viral ingabandakanya i- bronchodilators (amayeza avula i-airways) iimpawu ezinobulunga kunye ne-steroids ngenxa yokuhlaselwa kade okanye okude. I-Steroid inhalers iboniswe ukuba isebenze ekunakekeleni abantu abadala abangenaso isifo se-asthma abaneempawu ezinjenge-asthma emva kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ngokungabikho kwanoma yiphina imbali ye-asthma, le miqondiso imele ihambe kwiiveki ezisibhozo okanye ngaphantsi. Ngenxa ye-bronchospasm eyingozi, i-steroids yomlomo ingahle ifuneke ngezinye iimeko, nakubantu abangenayo imbali ye-asthma.
ILizwi
Abantu abanesifo se-asthma abanakho ukuthintela kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane kunabanye, kodwa bafumana iziphumo ezingaphantsi kweengcingo ezivela kulezi zifo. Ukufumana intsholongwane yokuphefumula akuthethi ukuba uya kuba ne-asthma attack. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ngaphezu kweyodwa inokubangela ukusuleleka kokutshatyalaliswa nokuhlaselwa kunye nokungcola kokusingqongileyo okufana nokutshaya okanye ukungena kwi-allergen.
Ekugqibeleni, into engcono kakhulu ongayenza kukuzama ukuphucula impilo yakho yonke. Sebenzisa amaqhinga okubandakanya ukutya ukutya okunomsoco, ukuzisebenzisa, ukubona ugqirha wakho wokunyamekela rhoqo, ukuhlala usesikhathini kwiimpawu zakho zokugonya, ukubhema nokugcina uxinzelelo lwakho.
> Imithombo:
> I-Flu kunye nabantu abane-Asthma. Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/asthma/index.htm.
> Kurai D, Saraya T, Ishii H, Takizawa H. I-Virus-Yenza ukukhuthala kwi-Asthma kunye neCOPD. Imida kwi Microbiology . 2013; 4: 293. i-doi: 10.3389 / fmicb.2013.00293.
> Smith DK, Seales S, Budzik C. Ukuphefumula Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis kuBantwana. I-Phys Physician. 2017 Jan 15; 95 (2): 94-99.