Utshintsho emzimbeni wakho emva kokutshintshwa kunokunyusa ingozi yomhlaza wakho
Nangona ukutshintshwa kwentliziyo ngokucacileyo kuyona yonyango olukhethiweyo lokusweleka kweengso, (kunye nokubetha ku-dialysis naluphi na usuku), aluyi ngaphandle kweengozi zalo. Ezi zinto zivela kwimicimbi enjengobungakanani obunobungozi besifo, isithuba sokutsalwa kwesifo sikashukela , kwingozi yokunyuka kweentlobo ezithile zeentsholongwane.
Uninzi lwabantu bacinga ukutshintshwa kwezintso njengendlela yokwenza unyango baphathe ikhefu xa befunda le nyaniso okokuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yokutshintshwa kakuhle iya kubakhokelela umdlavuza njengenxalenye yokucetyiswa kwangaphambili kokutshintshwa.
Nguwuphi na oKhansela ayenayo Ummkeli weTyitha wokuThutha ufumana ukululekwa malunga?
Xa kuthelekiswa noluntu jikelele, umntu ofumana ukutshintshwa kweengtso uya kuba nomngcipheko ophezulu wohlobo oluthile lwezonyango. Uluhlu lubanzi, luye lwaba ngaphezu kwezimbini zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zezinto eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Iidumbu zeekhumba, kuquka i-melanoma
- Amagciwane e-hematologic system / blood cancers, i-lymphoma
- Umhlaza weezintso, zombini zezintso zabo zasemhlabeni, kunye neentsana ezisanda kutshalwa
- Amanqaku omhlaza wesondlo-iisayithi zingabandakanya ikholoni, i-rectum, i-pancreas, njl njl.
- Umhlaza wemiphunga
Umba obalulekileyo ukuyiqonda apha kukuba akukhona nje ukutshintshwa kwezintso ezibeka ummkeli kwindawo ephezulu yeengcingo. Abanye abafumana umthambo wesigxina babhekana nemingcipheko efanayo, kodwa uhlobo lwee-cancer ezibonwayo, zithi kulabo abaneemiphunga yemiphunga, bahluke ngengozi yomhlaza kulabo bafumana ukutshintshwa kweengtso.
Kutheni Ubungozi Banda?
Ingcamango eyaziwayo phakathi kwabamkeliyo kukuba "umhlaza uza kuhlanganiswa kunye nendikimba yokufakelwa." Nangona oku kunokwenzeka, akusona isizathu esivakalayo somntu ukuba ahlakulele umhlaza emva kokufumana ukutshintshwa kweengtso. Nazi ezinye iinkcazo:
- Unyango lwangaphandle: Njengoko ungazi ukuba, ukutshintshwa kweengtso kubandakanya ukufumana unyango lwe-immune system. Ngokuqhelekileyo la mayeza kufuneka aqhutywe ngonaphakade. Uhlobo oluthile lwamachiza asetyenziswe kule njongo emva kokuba utshintsho lube lunokwandisa umngcipheko ngaphezu kwabanye.
Ngokomzekelo, imithi yokugonywa kwe-immunosuppressant ejolise kwiintlobo ezithile zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (umz. OKT3 okanye i-antilymphocyte serum) iya kwandisa kakhulu ingozi yento ethiwa "emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwesifo se-lymphoproliferative disorder" okanye i-PTLD. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphindaphindiweyo, umlinganiselo / izinga lokukhutshwa komzimba olusenziwa ngumama kwiinkqubo ezininzi zokuxhatshazwa kwe-immune, kunokugqithisa umgangatho wesinye isicocisi esithile, okwandisa ingozi yomhlaza.
Indlela elula yokuyiqonda le ngqiqo kukubona ukuba iiseli zomhlaza ziveliswa rhoqo emzimbeni wethu, ngokubanzi. Isizathu sokuba asiyikuhlakulela intsholongwane emitsha imihla ngemihla kuba le "cell" -molf-cell "cells" "zibonakaliswe ngophenyo lwamajoni omzimba kwaye lutshabalalise ekuqaleni. Ngako oko, isimiso sethu sokuzivikela asiyiyo nje indlela yokukhusela ngokuchasene nezifo, kuyindlela yokukhusela ekuveliseni ukuveliswa kweeselfowuni (eziza kuba ngumhlaza). Ukunciphisa le nkqubo ye-immune iya kunyusela ingozi yomhlaza.
- Izifo: Izifo ezithile zentsholongwane zandisa ingozi yamanomhlaza. Abamkeli bezitofu zokufakelwa kweengso babhekana nomngcipheko omkhulu wokusuleleka ngentsholongwane ngenxa ye-immunosuppressed status. Iintsholongwane ziphindaphinda ngokuthatha kunye nokuxubusha ngamatshini ethu okuphindaphinda (i-DNA kwezinye iimeko). Le nto inokuba yinto enye enokuthi iyintoni isizathu sokuba kuthenyelwa ngentsholongwane ka-HIV kwandisa ingozi yomhlaza
Imizekelo yalezi zintsholongwane ziquka i-Epstein-Barr virus (eyandisa ingozi ye-lymphoma), i-Human Herpes Virus-8 (edibene neKapasi sarcoma), kunye ne-Human Papilloma Virus (enxulumene neekliniki zesikhumba).
Yintoni Ongayenza Ukunciphisa Ingozi Yomhlaza?
Ukufunda ukuba unomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo somhlaza unokwesabisa kwaye kunokukwenza ufune ukucinga kwakhona ngokufumana ukutshintshwa, kodwa ukwenqaba ukufakelwa komzimba ngenxa yokwandisa umngcipheko wexesha elizayo weengcingo akuxhomekekanga kuninzi ukusuka kwengozi yokufa ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kweengtso Ixesha elifutshane liqhele ukugqithisa umngcipheko womhlaza. Ngoko ke, emva kokunikwa kwengcebiso ngaphambi kokutshintshwa, kwaye emva kokuba ufumana ukutshintshwa kweentso, ukuhlolwa komhlaza kunconywa njengenxalenye yesiqhelo sokunakekelwa kwexesha lokutshintshela emva kokunyusa ukunciphisa umngcipheko.
I-American Society of Transplantation (AST) iye yapapasha izikhokelo zomhlaza wesifo kulabo abaneentsholongwane zentsholongwane.
Nantsi ingqamaniso yezicatshulwa eziqhelekileyo (ezinye zeencomo zengqwalaselo zifana nezobonke abantu):
- Umhlaza wesikhumba: Abamkeli bezityalo abafakiweyo bayacelwa ukuba bahlolisise ngokwenyanga nganye ukuba bafune i-moles / spots ezingaqhelekanga njl. Le nto iyazaliswa ngophando lwesikhumba lonyaka olwenziwe yidermatologist.
- Umhlaza wesifuba: Kwabesetyhini abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala, ukuhlolwa kwenyanga yokuhlolwa kwesikhumba kunokucetyiswa. Ukuhlolwa okufanayo kunokuqwalaselwa kwabasetyhini abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, ukuba ugqirha kunye nesigulane banomuva wokuqinisekisa.
- Umhlaza wesifo seprotate: Uvavanyo lwama-rectal ngonyaka kunye novavanyo lwe-PSA lwamadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.
- Umhlaza weColon / rectal: I- Colonoscopy yonke iminyaka eyi-10 emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50, kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-stool ngonyaka ukufumana igazi.
Yenza okusemandleni akho ukucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo ezi ziboniso zokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Tonelli M et al. Ukuphononongwa ngokuchanekileyo: ukutshintshwa kweentso kuqhathaniswa ne-dialysis kwiziphumo ezichaphazelekayo kwikliniki. 2011 I-Oct; 11 (10): 2093-109. i-doi: 10.1111 / j.1600-6143.2011.03686.x. Epub 2011 uAgasti 30.
> Ii-EA nee al. Umtsalane womngcipheko womhlaza phakathi kwabamkeli be-Organisation base-United solid solid. JAMA. Ngo-2011 uNgo-2; 306 (17): 1891-901. i-doi: 10.1001 / jama.2011.1592.
> Desai R et al. Ukudluliselwa komhlaza kubanikeli bemizimba-ingenakunqandwa kodwa engezantsi. Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo. Ngomhla wama-27 kuMdlu 27; 94 (12): 1200-7. i-doi: 10.1097 / TP.0b013e318272df41.
> Buell JF et al. Ukutshatyalaliswa emva kokufakelwa. Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo. 2005 Oct 15; 80 (2 Suppl): S254-64.
> Kasiske BL et al. Iziphakamiso zokuqwalasela izigulane zabaxhamli beempazamo zokuguqulwa. I-American Society of Transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000 Oct; 11 I-Suppl 15: S1-86.