Kudideka ukugcina umkhondo woluphi uvavanyo olufanele ufumane rhoqo ukubeka iliso kwimpilo yakho. Kancinci, kukho ezinye iintlobo zempilo eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka ufumane kuzo, ngokweengcali ezahlukeneyo zonyango. (Qaphela: Ezinye iilabhu zineenkcukacha ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke sebenzisa izigaba ezidweliswe iimvavanyo zakho kwibhabhi apho kwenziwa iimvavanyo zakho.
Kwakhona, ukuba unesimo esithile sonyango, uya kufuneka uxoxe ngesidingo sovavanyo olongezelelweyo, okanye uvavanyo lweemvavanyo ozitholayo, kunye nogqirha wakho).
IHood Yokukhuthaza IHormone (TSH)
Ukuphindaphinda: Isiphakamiso esiqhelekileyo kukuba uhlolisise ukuqala kwi-35 yobudala kunye neminyaka embalwa emva koko. Kuyabasetyhini abangama-60 nangaphezulu kunye namadoda angama-70 nangaphezulu ngaphezu kovavanyo lwe-TSH ngonyaka. Kukwacetyiswa kwakhona ukuqala kombono kwaye ngexesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa kunabani na mabhinqa anemingcipheko yesifo se-thyroid.
Iziphumo ezijoliswe kuko: I- TSH ye-0.3 ukuya ku-4.5
Kufuneka ukwazi: I-TSH nqanaba elingaphandle lingasichaza i-hypothyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi) ... inqanaba le-TSH elingezantsi eliqhelekileyo lingabonisa i- hyperthyroidism (i-thyroid engasebenzi). (Abantu abaneembali zentsapho yezifo ezizimele, okanye iimpawu ze-thyroid eziqhubekayo kodwa eziqhelekileyo i-TSH, kufuneka kwakhona zifumane i-Free T4 / i-Free T3 kunye namayeza e-thyroid ukuze uhlolisise isifo se-thyroid.
Kwakhona phawula ukuba izigulane ze-thyroid zivanywe ubuncinane kabini ngonyaka, kwaye ngokuphindaphindiweyo xa kuyimfuneko.)
Ukutya kweGlucose yeGazi
Ukuphindaphinda: ngonyaka
Iziphumo ezijoliswe kuyo: 100 mg / dL (i milligram nge-deciliter)
Kufuneka ukwazi: Iziphumo eziphakathi kwe-100 no-125 zibonisa ukunyamezela kwe-glucose ukunyamezela, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-pre-diabetes, efuna ukuvavanya nokuvavanya.
Iziphumo ezingaphezulu kwe-126 zibonisa ukuba khona kwesifo sikashukela. Kwimeko yamanqanaba e-blood glucose ephakamileyo, oogqirha baya kuthi baveze utshintsho ekudleni nasekusebenzeni kwaye mhlawumbi amayeza.
Ifuthe legazi
Ukuphindaphinda: ngonyaka; ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubantu abanegazi eliphezulu
Iziphumo ezijoliswe kuyo: 120/80 mm Hg (uxinzelelo lwe-systolic / uxinzelelo lwe-diastolic, olulinganiselwe kwimilimitha ye-mercury)
Kufuneka ukwazi: Ukunyuka kwengcinezelo yegazi (uxinzelelo lwegazi) kuboniswa ziziphumo ezingaphezu kwe-140/90. Iziphumo phakathi kwe-120/80 kunye ne-140/90 zibonisa ukuqala kwegazi. Amayeza kunye neenguqu zendlela yokuphila zidlalwa ngokubhekisele kwigazi.
Cholesterol
Ukuphindaphinda: ngonyaka
Iziphumo ezijoliswe kuyo: I- tota i- cholesterol : 200 mg / dL okanye ngaphantsi; I-LDL ("embi") i-cholesterol: 70 mg / dL okanye iphantsi; I-HDL ("entle") i-cholesterol: 40 mg / dL okanye ngaphezulu
Kufuneka ukwazi: I- cholesterol iyalinganiswa ngokufunda kunye nokufundwa komntu ngamnye. Amachiza kunye nokuguquka kwendlela yokuphila, kuquka ukunciphisa amafutha amaninzi kunye ne-cholesterol ekudleni, zidlalwa.
I-DEXA I-Scan Scan (i-Double-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry) ye-Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
Ukuphindaphinda: Abasetyhini abasetyhini abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65, bonke abafazi emva kweminyaka engama-65; ngokukhawuleza ukuba unobungozi obukhulu
Iziphumo ezijoliswe kuyo: Iziphumo ze- T eziphezulu okanye ngaphezulu (i-T-score yakho i-BMD yakho ifaniswe ne-BMD yeminyaka engama-30 ubudala.)
Kufuneka ukwazi: I-T-score engafanele ibonisa ukuba unamathambo amancinci kunomlinganiselo oneminyaka engama-30 ubudala.
Umlinganiselo we-T we--2.5 okanye ngaphantsi ungabonisa i-osteoporosis. Imilinganiselo ye-BMD yesiganeko nomlenze.
Ukubala kwegazi (iHemoglobin)
Ukuphindaphinda: ngonyaka
Iziphumo ezijoliswe kuyo: 13 ukuya ku-17 g / dL (amadoda), 12 ukuya kwi-15 g / dL (abafazi) (igramitha nganye nge-deciliter)
Kufuneka ukuba wazi: Inani eliphantsi legazi (i-anemia) liqhelekileyo kubasetyhini bexesha lokubeletha. Kuncinci kakhulu kumadoda kwaye ingaba ngumqondiso wesilumkiso somhlaza wekoloni, okuqinisekisiweyo ukuvavanywa kokulandelelana.
I-PSA (i-Anti-Prostate-Specific Antigen)
Ukuphindaphinda: Iingcali ezininzi zincoma ukuhlolwa kwamadoda emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-50.
Iziphumo ezijoliswe kuko: 4 ng / mL okanye ezantsi (i-nanogram nge-milliliter)
Kufuneka ukwazi: Amanqanaba aphakamileyo e-PSA angabonisa iingxaki zeprotate, kubandakanywa nomhlaza, kwaye kufuneka ilandelwe kunye ne-urologist.
Ezinye iinconywa ezinconywayo ziquka iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-colonoscopy kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 (nangaphambili xa unembali yentsapho yomdlavuza wekolon). Ngaphandle kokuba kukho imbali yentsapho okanye enye imbangela yokuxhalabisa, abafazi kufuneka babe novavanyo lwe-pelvic yonyaka kunye nePap smear ngokukhawuleza xa behamba ngesondo okanye baneminyaka eyi-18 ubudala, kwaye kufuneka baqale ukuba neemitha zonyaka ezifikelela kwi-35 okanye 40 ubudala. iimviwo eziqala kwiminyaka engama-45. Izifundo ezithile ziyanconywa-izivivinyo zengxube yabesetyhini kunye neemvavanyo zengqina zamadoda-kwaye kufuneka ziqhutywe rhoqo ngenyanga ukujonga imiqondiso yomhlaza.