Ingqwalasela ye-Hypothyroidism
I-Hypothyroidism yimeko apho isifo sakho se-thyroid-into encinci, i-butterfly enemihlobiso entanyeni yakho-ayivelisi ihomoni ye-thyroid eyaneleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa "i-thyroid" engasebenzi. I-Hypothyroidism iyanciphisa umonakalo womntu, ekhokelela kwiimpawu ezifana nokufumana ubunzima, ukusila, ukuziva kubanda, kunye nokunye. Uvavanyo olulula lwegazi olubizwa ngokuthi i-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulation hormone (TSH) iyakwazi ukuxilonga i-hypothyroidism, kwaye unyango lwe-hormone ye-thyroid luza kuluphatha.
Ngokufumana ulwazi malunga ne-hypothyroidism, kubandakanya oko kuthanda ukufumana le ngxaki ye-thyroid, kunye nendlela efunyanwe ngayo kwaye ilawulwe, uya kulungeleka kwaye uziqiniseke njengoko uqala uhambo lwakho lwe-thyroid.
> Ukujonga i-anatomy ye-thyroid, esekwe ngaphaya kwe-collarbone.
Iimpawu
I-thyroid gland isebenzisa iodine yokutya ukwenza i-hormone ye-thyroid. Xa kukho ukungabikho kwe-hormone ye-thyroid, umzimba wakho unenkathazo yokusebenzisa amandla kwaye uhlala ufudumele.
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Ukunyanga i-Subclinical Hypothyroidism ekukhulelweni
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Hypothyroidism kunye neMigraines: Ukuqonda isiXho
Izisipha zakho, ubuchopho, kunye nezinye izitho zinokuba nengxaki yokusebenza.
Iimpawu kunye neempawu ze-hypothyroidism ziyahluka kwaye zingaba zifihlakeleyo, ziphosakele ngenxa yokuxinezeleka okanye enye ingxaki yonyango.
Nanku ukujonga ngokuthe ngqo kwezinye iimpawu umntu ophethe i-thyroid engapheliyo unokufumana:
- Ndiziva ndibuthathaka kwaye ndiphelile, nangemva kokulala ixesha elide
- Ndiziva ndixinezelekile okanye ngibhakabhaka
- Ukufumana ubunzima, nangona kungekho tshintsho ekudleni kwakho okunempilo nokuzilolonga
- Ukubona "inkohlakalo yengqondo" kunye nobunzima bokugxila
- Uziva uzizwa ubanda xa abanye beziva beshushu
- Ukuqaphela izinwele eziqinileyo kunye ezomile, ukuphuka, ukuphazamiseka, okanye ukuwa
- Ukuqaphela isikhumba esiqingqiweyo, esomileyo, esinyeneyo, kunye nobunzima, ngokukodwa iingcambu zeenyawo zakho
- Impuphu ephantsi ngokungavamile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi
- Iingcamango ezincinci okanye ezilukhuni
- Ukuqhaqhazela ebusweni, ngokubhekiselele kwamehlo
- Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol angayiphenduli kwiyeza zokunciphisa i-cholesterol
- Imizila engavumelekanga yokuya esikhathini
- Ukufumana imisipha yomzimba
Izizathu
Kukho imiba yempilo kunye neemeko ezibangela i-hypothyroidism .
Isifo esingazimeleyo saso iHashimoto's thyroiditis yimbangela eqhelekileyo ye-hypothyroidism e-United States. Kule sifo, izixhobo zokulwa zihlasela i-thyroid gland, okwenza ikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle.
I-post-opticroid hypothyroidism ibhekisela kwi-hormone ye-thyroid enganeleyo ngenxa yokususwa kokugqithiselwa kwayo yonke into okanye inxalenye ye-thyroid gland. Ugqirha kwi-thyroid ubizwa ngokuba yi-thyroidectomy.
I-hypothyroidism eyenza i-radiation-induced hypothyroidism inokuvela kwindlela yokwelapha i-iodine yama-radioactive (RAI), esetyenziswa ukuphatha i-hyperthyroidism nomdlavuza we-thyroid. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwonyango lwe-radiation ukuya entloko nasentanyeni, okanye ukuwa kwe-radioactive kwiingozi zenyukliya ezifana neChernobyl okanye i-Fukushima, kunokubangela ukuba ne-hypothyroidism.
Ngomntwana ozalwe ngumntwana, abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa bafika kwihlabathi ngaphandle kwegciwane le-thyroid okanye nge-thyroid.
I-Hypothyroidism inokubangelwa nokuthatha imithi ethile (ebizwa ngokuba yi- drug-induced hypothyroidism ). Ngoxa lo alukho uluhlu olubanzi, amanye amachiza aqhelekileyo ayaziwa:
- Lithium
- Amiodarone
- I-intelon alpha
- Interleukin-2
I-Hypothyroidism iyakwenzeka kunye ne-iodine encinci (ebizwa ngokuba yi- iodine-deficiency hypothyroidism ) okanye xa iodine kakhulu ichithwa (ebizwa ngokuba yi- iodine-induced hypothyroidism ).
Kwi- secondary or central hypothyroidism , i-pituitary gland (ekhoyo kwingqondo yakho) ibonakaliswe (ukusuka kwisisu, i-radiation, okanye utyando) kwaye ayikwazi ukubangela i-thyroid gland ukuvelisa i-hormone ye-thyroid.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i- hypothyroidism ezivela kwizifo ezingenangqondo (umzekelo, i-sarcoidosis okanye i-hemochromatosis) inokufaka izinto (ezifana ne-granulomas okanye i-iron, ngokulandelanayo) kwi-thyroid gland, ukunciphisa amandla okusebenza.
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypothyroidism kudinga uvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi.
Uvavanyo lweZliniki
Ukongezelela ekuhlolweni kwe-thyroid yekliniki , equka ukuhlolwa kokubhaliweyo kunye nokubonwa kwe-thyroid gland, ugqirha uya kuphinda ahlole iimpawu zokujonga i-hypothyroidism. Eminye yale miqondiso ibandakanya isikhumba esomileyo, esiqhenqileyo, isantya senhliziyo esicothayo, i-reflexes epholileyo kunye nokuvuvukala.
Uvavanyo lweGazi
Uvavanyo oluphambili lwegazi elisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-hypothyroidism yi- thyroid yokuvuselela i-hormone (TSH) . Olu vavanyo luyi-TSH, i-hormone ye-pituitary. I-TSH iphakama xa ithola amanqanaba aphantsi e-hormone ye-thyroid, kwaye ihla xa ifumanisa i-hormone ye-thyroid. Iilabhoratri zisekwe uluhlu lweenkcukacha, kwaye amanqanaba angentla kwinqanaba lokubhekisa libhekwa njengento ebonisa ukuba yi-hypothyroidism.
Ukongezelela, amanqanaba angabonakaliyo kwaye afumanekayo okwenene ejikeleza i-hormone ye-thyroid (free T4) kunye ne-triiodothyronine yamahhala (i-T3 ekhululekile) -nokulinganiswa. Kukho iindawo zokubhekisa ezi zivivinyo ezimbini ze-hormone, kunye namanqanaba angaphantsi kwerejista yokubonisa (kubonisa ukuba akukho nto ikhululekile ye-T4 kunye / okanye i-T3 ekhululekile) ithathwa njengento ebonisa ukuba yi-hypothyroidism.
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Ngaba i-TSH yakho iyinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa usenayo izibonakaliso?
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Ngaba I-Hypothyroidism Yakho Iyaphathwa?
Unyango
I-Hypothyroidism iphathwe nge-thyroid ye-hormone isisiphelo sokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, nto leyo iyeza kutshintsha i-hormone ye-thyroid emzimbeni.
Levothyroxine
I-drug-hormone ye-hormone yokutshintshwa kwezidakamizwa eyaziwayo ngokuqhelekileyo iyaziwa njenge-levothyroxine, uhlobo olwenziweyo lwe-thyroid e-thyroxine (T4).
Liyonyronine
Kukho ifom yokwenziwa kwe-hormone ye-T3, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-liyronronine. Ngamanye amaxesha kwongezwa kwi-levothyroxine njengenxalenye yonyango eyaziwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokudibanisa i-T4 / T3, nangona lo mkhuba uthathwa njengengxabano yi-endocrinologists ezininzi kunye neengcali eziqhelekileyo.
YeNdalo echazwe ngeTroid
Ekugqibeleni, kukho i-hormone ye-substituted drug ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroid ekhethiweyo, ngamanye amaxesha isicatshulwa i-NDT okanye ibizwa ngokuthi "i-thyroid extract". I-NDT iqulethe iifom zendalo ze-T4 kunye ne-T3. Nangona sele ifumaneke ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka, kwaye isasetyenziswa namhlanje, ithathwa njengengxabano yoluhlaza loluntu kwaye imiselwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngamagqirha ahlangeneyo, asebenzayo kunye nawo onke, ngokuthelekiswa nama-endocrinologists kunye namayeza aqhelekileyo.
Izikhokelo ezisemthethweni zenkxaso ye-endocrinology ye-levothyroxine njengonyango olukhethiweyo, kunye nokudambisa i-T4 / T3 yonyango kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-NDT.
ILizwi
Ingaba wena (okanye othandekayo) usandul 'ufumane i-hypothyroidism, okanye ulungiswa ngoku, kodwa ungazive ulungile, nceda uyazi ukuba awuwodwa. Qhubeka ufuna ulwazi malunga nesifo sakho se-thyroid kwaye uhlale unamandla njengoko uhamba ngelo xesha uhambo olugxothayo.
Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba ukuphila kakuhle kunye ne-hypothyroidism kungekhona nje ngeyeza. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukutya kakuhle, ufumane ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo, yenza ixesha lokuzivocavoca nokudlala, kwaye uphathe uxinzelelo lwakho. Yaye nangona uvakalelwa kukuba ulwa nelokuhlaselwa kunye noogqirha, unyango kunye neempawu eziphosakeleyo, ungayeki. Ekugqibeleni uya kufumana iimpendulo eziza kukunceda uphile kakuhle kwaye uzive kakuhle.
> Imithombo:
> I-American Thyroid Association. (nd). I-Hypothyroidism (engasebenzi).
> Braverman, L, Cooper D. Werner & Ingbar's The Thyroid, 10 Edition. WLL / Wolters Kluwer; 2012.
> Garber J et. al. Izikhokelo zeZikliniki zoLwazi lwe-Hypothyroidism kubantu abadala: I-Cosponsored yi-American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists kunye ne-American Thyroid Association. Endocr Prac Prac . Ngo-2012 uNgo-Dec; 18 (6): 988-1028.