Ubaluleka bokukhuselwa kwe-UV
Abantu abaninzi bayayesaba imiphumo eyingozi yimibala ye-UV ultraviolet (UV) elukhumbeni , kodwa bambalwa abona ingozi esekelwe emehlweni abo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba yelanga yelanga okanye imisebe ye-UV eyenziwe, imisebe ye-UV ingonakalisa i-eyes tissues kunye ne- cornea kunye ne-lens. Iyakwazi ukutshisa ubuso bokuqala kweso, kufana nokutshisa ilanga kwesikhumba. Njengoko sikhusela isikhumba sethu nge-sunscreen, simele sikhumbule ukukhusela amehlo kunye nombono ngeeklasi zokukhanya ezifanelekileyo.
UV Rays kunye Amehlo Akho
Imigodi ye-ultraviolet (UV) yimibala engabonakaliyo eyinxalenye yamandla avela elangeni. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zemizila ye-UV: UV-A, UV-B, kunye ne-UV-C. Nangona i-UVC imisebe ingekho isisongelo kuba i-ozone lay layer, i-UVVA kunye ne-UVB imitha ibe nemiphumo emibi emehlweni akho nangomboniso. Ukutyhila kwexesha elide kule mibala engozi kunokudala umonakalo omkhulu. Inkcazo ye-UV ibeka ubungakanani bemitha ye-UV. Eli nani liqikelela ukuba lingathatha ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kokuba umonakalo welanga usenzeke. Isalathisi sika-1-3 sibonisa ukuba kungenzeka ukulimala kwe-UV, ngelixa isalathiso se-8-10 sithetha ukuba kunokwenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba imisebe ye-UV inganikwa kwakhona yimithombo yokufakelwa njengamashishini okulumala, iibhedi zokuqhawula, kunye neerers.
Iimiphumo zexesha elifutshane : Ukuba utyhilekile kwaye ungakhuselekanga kwiimitha ezininzi ze-UV ngexesha elifutshane, amehlo akho anokufumana umphumo othiwa yi-photokeratitis.
I-Photokeratitis ukuvuvukala kwe-cornea ebangelwa ukukhanya okufutshane emisebeni ye-UV, ngokuqhelekileyo xa idibene nomoya obandayo kunye nekhephu. Kunjenge-"ukushisa ilanga kwiso," kunokuba kubuhlungu kwaye kunokudala iimpawu ezibandakanya amehlo abomvu, ukuvalelwa komzimba wangaphandle okanye ukuvakalelwa kwamehlo emehlweni, ukuvakalelwa ngokwemvelo ukukhanya nokugqithisa ngokweqile.
Ngethamsanqa, oku kudla okwethutyana kwaye kungabikho nto ebangela ukuba umonakalo unomphela emehlweni.
Iimpembelelo zexesha elide: Ukutyalwa kwexesha elide kwimisebe ye-UV kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Ucwaningo lwezenzululwazi kunye nophando kwi-spatial program yase-United States lubonise ukuba ukunyuka kweemitha ezincinci ze-UV kwiminyaka emininzi kunokunyusa amathuba okuphuhlisa i-cataract kwaye kungabangela umonakalo kwi-retina, ilineni elityebileyo liso esetyenziselwa ukubona. Lo monakalo kwi-retina kaninzi ayinakuguqulwa. Umonakalo oqokelelweyo wokubhenca ngokuphindaphindiweyo unokuba negalelo kwisifo esingasigxina kweso kunye nokunyusa umngcipheko wokuvelisa umdlavuza wesikhumba ngeenxa zonke. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwexesha elide kukhanya kwe-UV kuyinto ebangela umngcipheko ekuphuhlisweni kwepterygium, ukukhula okungena kwikona yamehlo, kunye ne-pinguecula, i-lesion ephuzi, ephakanyiswayo eyenza kwimizimba ebomhlophe yeliso lakho .
Indlela Yokukhusela Umbono Wakho
Akusaziwa ukuba ukukhanya kwemitha ye-UV kuthatha kangakanani ukulimaza amehlo kunye nombono. I-Ophthalmologists incoma ukugqoka izibuko zokukhanya eziphezulu ezinika ukhuselo oluhle kunye nentonga ebanzi xa isebenza ngaphandle, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwimidlalo yangaphandle, ukuthatha uhambo, ukuhamba, ukucoca okanye ukwenza nantoni na ilanga.
Ukubonelela ngokukhuselekileyo kwamehlo akho, izilwanyana zakho zokukhanya zifanele:
- Vimba i-99 ukuya kwi-100 yeepesenti zombini ii-UV-A kunye ne-UV-B
- Isikrini siphuma kuma-75 ukuya kuma-90 ekhulwini ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo
- Qhathaniswa ngokufanelekileyo nombala kwaye ukhululeke ukuphazamiseka nokungapheleli
- Yenza iilensi eziyimfutho ngokubaluleka kombala
Ukuba uchitha ixesha elide kwilanga elikhanyayo, iifayile ezijikelezayo zingabonelela ngokukhusela okongezelelweyo kwimimitha ye-UV eyingozi. Nangona unxibe ii-lens zokuxhumana ezinokukhuselwa kwe-UV, usadinga ukugqoka izikhanyiso zelanga. Imibala ye-UV iya kuba nefuthe kwiimpawu zamehlo ezingagqitywanga ngabafowunelwa.
Amehlo akho aya kukhululeka ngakumbi, kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo.
ILizwi
Khumbula ukubonelela ngokufanelekileyo ukukhusela isohlo kubantwana bakho nakwishumi elivisayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantwana basebenzisa ixesha elingakumbi elangeni kunabantu abadala. Abantwana basengozini yokuphuhlisa umonakalo omkhulu wombono emva koko ebomini ngaphandle kokukhuselwa kwamehlo e-UV rhoqo. Amehlo amancinci athathwe ngokutsha ngengozi ehlobene ne-UV. Ngokungafani neliso elidala, iliso lomntwana alikwazi ukucoca ngokuphumelelayo imitha ye-UV, ngoko ukukhanya kweminye imisebe kufinyelela kwi- retina .
> Umthombo:
> Ukukhusela Amehlo Akho Kusuka Kwemvula Yelanga. I-American Optometric Association, 2017.