Iintlobo ze-insulin ezisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa unyango lwangasemva
Xa kuziwa ekuthathe i- insulin , kukho iindidi ezininzi ze-hormone ezahlukileyo kwizantya apho zenza khona. Oku, ngokukhawuleza, ichonga ixesha kunye nendlela ifom nganye ifakelwe ngayo. Nabani onesifo sikashukela se- 1 , kunye nabanye abanesifo sikashukela se-type 2 , kufuneka bathathe i-insulin ukuze baqhube kakuhle i-glucose ekudleni.
Ngohlobo lwe-1 lweswekile, oku kuba i-pancreas ayisakwazi ukwenza i-hormone.
Ngohlobo lwe-2 lweswekile, i-pancreas inako ukwenza i-insulin, kodwa umzimba awusayi kuphinda uyiphendule njengoko kufanelekile kwaye uya kufuna enye i-insulin yokuhlawula.
Indima ye-Insulins eSebenzi ende
I-insulini inikwe kwiifom ezangexesha elide ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe umgaqo oqhubekayo wezinga le-insulin, ngelixa iifom ezinobungozi ezimfutshane zijolise ekunciphiseni ama-spikes aphawuleza kwi-ushukela wegazi.
- Sibhekisela kwifom esebenza ixesha elide njenge- basal insulin (isiseko esithetha "imvelaphi") kuba isebenza kwimvelaphi yokugcina iswekile yegazi.
- Iifom ezenziwa ngokufutshane zibizwa ngokuba yi- bolus insulin (i-bolus ithetha "umthamo owodwa") ekubeni kuthethwa ukuba kuthathwe ngokuthe ngqo kwixesha lokutya ukuze kugcinwe amazinga eshukela egazi phantsi kolawulo.
Indlela i-Bolus Insulin isebenza ngayo
I-bolus insulin ibhekisela kwisixa esongezelelweyo se-insulin i-pancreas iya kuvelisa ngokuphendula ishukela (i-glucose) ethathwa ngokutya. Umgangatho wemveliso uxhomeke kakhulu kubukhulu kunye nohlobo lwesidlo esibandakanyekayo.
Kubantu abane-type 1 yeswekile, i-pancreas ayisakwazi ukwenza i-insulin njengeeseli ze-beta ezivelisa i-hormone zivaliwe kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, i-bolus insulin iya kusetyenziswa, xa kuyimfuneko, ukuhlawulela le ntlawulo.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka komgangatho weeshukela zegazi, abantu abaninzi baya kulandela imimiselo ye-basal-bolus apho nganye ithatyathwe khona emini ngemini yesibini kunye nexesha lokugcina ixesha lokutya.
I-bolus insulin ihanjiswa ngumjovo, ngelixa i-insalin ye-basal inokukhutshwa okanye i-injection okanye iqhubeka, i-24-hour-hour insulin pump .
Iindidi zeBolus Insulin
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-bolus insulins: ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza (kwaziwa nangokusebenza ngokukhawuleza) kunye ne-insulin emfutshane (eseyaziwa ngokuba yi-insulin rhoqo). Ukwahlula okubalulekileyo phakathi kwezi ntlobo ze-insulin ngu:
- Bakhawuleza bafikelela kwigazi
- Xa beqala ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi (isenzo sokuqala)
- Xa baqala ukusebenza kanzima (intshukumo ye-peak)
- Bahlala ixesha elingakanani (ubude)
I-insulins e-Rapid-acting bolus iqala ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi phakathi kwemizuzu emihlanu ukuya kwe-15. I-insulin ekwi-short-acting, ngokwahlukileyo, inokuqala malunga nemizuzu engama-30. Ezi zombini iifom zinexesha elide ukuya kwiiyure ezintlanu.
(Ngo-2015, ifomulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Afrezza, yafumaneka kwi-US. Nangona kunjalo, umthengi, kunye nokunganakwa kwabanikezeli bangela ukuba umenzi onqumle ukuzama ukuthengisa emva nje kokukhishwa kwemveliso.)
Iintlobo zee-Quick-actinging Bolus Insulins
Kukho okwangoku abathathu abasebenzisa i-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza abavunywe yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA):
- I-Novolog (i-insulin aspart injection)
- Isenzo esilungisiweyo: emihlanu ukuya kwemizuzu eyi-15
- Isenzo senqanaba: enye ukuya kwiiyure ezintathu
- Ixesha elide: ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu iiyure
- I-Apidra (i-insulin yamglulisine injection)
- Isenzo esibekiwe; emihlanu ukuya kwemizuzu eyi-15
- Intshukumo ye-Peak: imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwi-90
- Ixesha elide: ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu iiyure
- I-Humalog (injulin lispro injection)
- Isenzo esibekiwe; emihlanu ukuya kwemizuzu eyi-15
- Intshukumo ye-Peak: imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwi-90
- Ixesha elide: ezintathu ukuya ezintlanu iiyure
Iintlobo ze-Bolus Insulin emfutshane
Kukho iimbini ze-insulini ezifutshane ezimfutshane ezivunywe yi-FDA. Bobabini babalwa ngokuthi "rhoqo" i-insulin esebenzisa i-connotation (R).
- Humulin (R)
- Isenzo sokuqala: imizuzu emihlanu emihlanu
- Intshukumo ye-Peak: iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine
- Ubude besikhathi: iiyure ezintlanu ukuya kwezibhozo
- Novolin (R)
- Isenzo sokuqala: imizuzu emihlanu emihlanu
- Intshukumo ye-Peak: iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine
- Ubude besikhathi: iiyure ezintlanu ukuya kwezibhozo
> Umthombo:
> I-American Diabetes Association. "7. Iindlela zokwenza unyango lwe-Glycemic." Uncedo lweSwekile . Ja nuwari 2016; 39 (iSiza 1): S52-S59.