Ukuxazulula ukuphikisana kwamva kwiimpawu zeBMI
Ngaba ukhuluphele kakhulu - unokuba ne-BMI ephakamileyo ngokwemilinganiselo ehambelana nomngcipheko wezobisi, okanye akunjalo? Nangona ukugqithisa ngokugqithisileyo kuphakamisa ngokukhawuleza ingozi yonyango, kwaye ngelixa uluntu kunye neengcali zonyango zifake ukugxininisa kakhulu ekugcineni umzimba "oqhelekileyo", ubungozi obuninzi obunokuba bukhulu kakhulu (ngokuchasene nokugqithiseleyo) akucaci kakuhle.
Ziyintoni na iiSifundo?
Ubume obungasondelwanga balo mbuzo ngokukhawuleza luvela kwimbonakalo kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo xa iqela elibonakalayo kwiLancet licebisa ukuba izigulane zentliziyo "zincinci" kakhulu, ngokwemiqathango yazo yeBMI (amanqaku omzimba wongqamaniso), ngokwenene yayinobungozi obuncinane kunezigulane "eziqhelekileyo" ubunzima.
Kwaba ngababhali beli phepha babonakala bengenamahloni ngolu hlobo. Kwaye ukudibanisa umbandela ogqithiseleyo, amanqaku amabini aphezulu avela malunga nexesha elifanayo kwiNew England Journal of Medicine asekela ingcamango eyaziwayo-ukuba ukugqithisa, nangayiphi na imali, kwandisa umngcipheko wokufa.
Ukuzama ukuphazamisa ukudideka koluntu malunga nalo mbandela, ngokutsho kweWall Street Journal amaZiko okuLawulwa kweMilo ayalela abaphandi bayo ukuba baveze esidlangalaleni ngezifundo ezintsha, kwaye "umkhulumeli wee-arhente akanakho ukuphawula." (Unokufunda inqaku le- Wall Street Journal apha, kodwa lifuna ukubhalisa.)
Amanqaku e-BMI ayenzelwe ukuba yindlela yokukhawuleza ukuba umntu unamafutha amaninzi kakhulu. Iimpawu ze-BMI ezingama-20 ukuya ku-24.9 zijongwa njengesiqhelo, amanqaku angama-25 ukuya ku-29.9 angaphezu kwamandla amaninzi, amanqaku angama-30 ukuya ku-34.9 aphelile, kwaye amanqaku angaphezu kwama-35 aphezulu kakhulu. Amanqaku angaphantsi kwe-20 athatyathwa ngokungaphantsi. Ungakwazi ukubala ngokulula imilinganiselo yakho usebenzisa le calculator.
Phantse zonke izifundo zisebenzisa i-BMI izikolo zivumelana ngamaphuzu ambalwa. Okokuqala, abantu abagqithiseleyo okanye abagqithisileyo banomngcipheko omkhulu wezilonda zomzimba kunye nokufa. Okwesibini, abantu abangaphantsi komzimba banomngcipheko wokufa . (Oku kucatshangelwa kukuba kubangelwa iinkqubo zesifo esisiseko-ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, isifo somphunga , umhlaza okanye usuleleko-ovame ukuvelisa ukulahleka kwesisindo njengoko eso sifo siqhubeka.)
Ukuba kukho ukuphikisana kubandakanya abantu abathandwayo njengobunzima kakhulu, kodwa kungengobunzima, oko kukuthi, izikolo zabo ze-BMI zingaphezulu kwama-25. Kodwa izifundo ezimbalwa zibonisa umngcipheko omncinci kula bantu.
Iingcaciso ezininzi zale ngcamango ecacileyo ziye zacetyiswa, kodwa lowo unesichukumiso esikhulu kukuba umlinganiselo we-BMI uqobo - ocinga nje ngokulinganisela nokuphakama - ngokuqhelekileyo unikela umlinganiselo wamanga "wokukhululeka" ukuba umntu ngokusemgangathweni oluhle kwaye unesisindo esihle semisipha. Oko kukuthi, kubantu abanempilo abane-BMIs ye-25 okanye-26, ubunzima "obuninzi" bungenako ukuthoba.
Iingcamango Zokuvala
Ukuba namafutha amaninzi - ngokukodwa, amanqatha amaninzi kwindawo yesisu - ubeka uxinzelelo olusisiseko lwe-cardiovascular system kwaye lwandise ingozi yesifo senhliziyo .
I-index ye-BMI ichanekile ngokucacileyo kubantu abaphantsi kakhulu okanye abaninzi kakhulu (umz., Kunzima kakhulu ukubeka ubuninzi bemisipha yokufumana ubuninzi bakho be-BMI ngaphezu kwe-30 ngaphandle kokusebenzisa kakubi i-steroids), kodwa i-BMI ayichanekanga kangangoko ekufumaneni abantu abathile "ukugqithisa." Kukho, ngokwenene, abanye abantu abanomlinganiselo we-BMI kwi-25 ukuya kwe-29 ububanzi nje ngokuba basemgangathweni. Kodwa, ndiyazithoba, abo bantu bayazi ukuba ngubani.
Ngoko ke, ukuba unomlinganiselo we-BMI kwi-"category overweight", kwaye ucinga ngokubhiyozela ngenxa yokuba ukhetha ukukholelwa kwinqaku le- Lancet kwaye ungayinakuziboni bonke ubungqina obuphambene noko, makhe siphendule umbuzo omnye ngaphambi kokuba udibanise I-Bud Bud elandelayo: Ngaba ubuncinci bakho buncinane ngaphantsi kobukhulu bakho be-hip?
Ukuba "ewe," ngoko mhlawumbi ungomnye walabo bantu abasemgangathweni obunjani, kwaye "ubunzima obuninzi" obunomlinganiselo kwi-BMI yakho yimisipha, kwaye akayi kunqatha (apho kungenjalo ulungele ukubhiyozela ngokutya iikhalori). Kodwa ukuba impendulo "ayikho," kwaye unaloooyikekayo e-centered-deposited, akukho nto ubhiyozela ngayo.
Kuba, ngelixa i-BMI amanqaku athile luncedo kwaye kulula ukulinganisa, umlinganiselo wesikhumba-kuya-hip mhlawumbi ubaluleke kakhulu kwi-index ye-cardiovascular risk .
Imithombo
URomero-Corral A, iMonori VM, uSomers VK, et al. Umbutho we-bodyweight kunye nokufa kwabantu bonke kunye neziganeko zengqondo zomzimba kwisifo se-coronary disease: Ukuphononongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwezifundo eziqhelekileyo. Lancet 2006; 368: 666-678.
I-Adams KF, iSchatzkin A, i-Harris TB, kunye ne-al. Ukugqithisa umzimba, ukukhuluphala, nokufa kwiqela elikhulu labantu abaneminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengu-71 ubudala. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 763-778.
U-Lee SH, uSull JW, iPark J et al. Isalathisi sobunzima kunye nokufa kwabantu baseKorea amadoda nabesifazane. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 779-787.