Ukuxhatshazwa kweeNkcazo kwiSifundo esiPhambukayo
Abantu abangavelanga i-hormone ye-thyroid-kwaye ngoko- hypothyroid -benefit kwi- levothyroxine , okanye i-hormone ye-thyroid. I-hormone ye-thyroid ibalulekile kwi-metabolism efanelekileyo. Ngokona nxalenye, ulawulo lwe-hormone ye-thyroid luveza iziphumo ezimbalwa ezibi, kwaye ukugqithisa ngokweqile kuyinto engavamile. Ezinye iimpembelelo ezibi eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya iipilpitations, ukwanda kwenani lentliziyo, ukuxubha, ukuthuthumela kunye nokwesaba.
Nangona kunjalo, uphando olutsha luqhagamshelana nokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-levothyroxine (Synthroid) ngomhlaza we-thyroid . Nangona unomdla, olu phofu elincinci alunanto kwaye lufuna uphando oluthe gqolo.
Uphando
Kwinqaku le-Julayi 2017 elipapashwe kwi- Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , i-Hung kunye nabalobi-mbambano bahlola umbutho phakathi kwe-levothyroxine nomhlaza we-thyroid usebenzisa uhlalutyo lwabantu. Ukudweba kwidata emele abantu abayi-1 abantu baseTaiwan, iHong kunye nabalingane bachonge abantu abadala abangama-1285 abafumana isifo sokuqala sokuxilongwa komhlaza we-thyroid phakathi kukaJanuwari 1, 2001, no-Disemba 31, 2013.
Aba bantu abanomdlavuza we-thyroid babesebenzelana nabantu abadala abangama-3855 abangenawo umdlavuza we-thyroid (oko kukuthi, iqela lokulawula) ababefana nobudala, isondo, kunye noogqirha. Kuphelele, kukho abantu abadala abangama-5140. Phakathi kwalaba bantu abadala abangama-5140, abaphandi bafumanisa abantu abadala abangama-70 abafunyaniswa ukuba bane-hypothyroidism ngogqirha we-endocrinologist kodwa babengenayo imbali yokuhlinzwa kwe-thyroid.
Iziphumo zahlengahlengiswa ngokumalunga nomvuzo wenyanga, indawo yokuhlala, ukuhlala kwimizi, ukusetyenziswa kwecuba kunye nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, aba bantu abangama-70 abane-hypothyroidism bahluke ngenye indlela ebalulekileyo: ukuxilongwa komhlaza we-thyroid.
U-Hung kunye noogxa bakhe bachonga abantu abadala abangama-37 abane-hypothyroidism abaye bahlakulela umdlavuza we-thyroid.
Baye bachaza abantu abadala abangama-33 nge-hypothyroidism abangazange bahlakulele umdlavuza we-thyroid. Abaphandi baqhathanisa la maqela amabini ngokubhekiselele kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-levothyroxine.
Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba abantu abadala abanomdlavuza we-thyroid bafumaneke ukuba banokufumana ingozi yomshukela ophezulu, isifo sikashukela, i-osteoporosis kunye ne-hyperlipidemia.
Okona kuninzi, iHong kunye noogxa bafumana ukuba abadala abane-hypothyroidism abahlala bethatha i-levothyroxine babenokwanda komdlavuza we-thyroid. Nokho, ukusebenzisa i-levothyroxine engavumelekanga, nangona kunjalo, yayingabandakanywa nomdlavuza we-thyroid.
IHrostone neCarcer
I-hormone ye-thyroid iyimfuneko ukukhula okuqhelekileyo, ukuphuhliswa, kunye ne-metabolism. Ngenxa yokuba umdlavuza ubhekisela kwisahlulo sesilawuli esingalawulwayo, kuye kwacatshulwa ukuba i-hormone ye-thyroid ingayenza "umdlavuza" ngandlela-thile. Kubantu, izifundo ezimbalwa kunye nophando oluncinci luxhasa imbono yokuba i-hormone ye-thyroid inegalelo lomhlaza.
Ngokuphawulekayo, kwisifundo se-2009 esithi "Umsebenzi we-Thyroid kunye neNgcipheko yeCarcer: IsiFundo soBantu abaPhezulu," i-Hellevik kunye nabalobi babambisene bafumene unxibelelwano phakathi kwamanqanaba aphezulu e-hormone ye-thyroid kunye neentlobo ezithile zomhlaza. Balandele i-29,691 yamaNorway iminyaka engama-9. Ekuqaleni kwexesha lokujonga, akukho mntu walawa bantu oye wafumanisa ukuba unesifo se-thyroid.
Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba abantu abanamaqondo aphantsi e-thyrotropin ekuqaleni kweso sifundo, esichukumisa i-hyperthyroidism, babenomngcipheko omkhulu wokuhlakulela umdlavuza wamaphaphu kunye ne-prostate. (Kwakungekho nhlangano phakathi kwe-hyperthyroidism nomhlaza wekolon okanye umdlavuza webele.)
Ngaphezu koko, i-Hellevik kunye noogxa bafumana ukuba i-hypothyroidism ayixhomekeke kwingozi yomhlaza.
Ngokwahlukileyo, olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abahlakulela i-hypothyroidism emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba nomhlaza nomsi weentamo baphila ixesha elide. Ngaphezu koko, abantu abanomdlavuza wesibeleko abanesifo se-thyroid-kwaye ngoko-hypothyroidism-bangaphila ixesha elide, nabo.
Ngamanye amazwi, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba amanqanaba e-thyroid aphantsi angakhusela imiphumo yomhlaza. Kwizifundo zezilwanyana, i-levothyroxine iboniswe ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwesisu nokusabalala. Ngaphezu koko, i-hypothyroidism iyanciphisa ukukhula kwe-tumor, igxininisa isifo se-tumor, kwaye iphucula ukuqhubeka.
Indlela
I-pituitary gland ikhupha ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hormone ye-thyroid-stimulating (TSH) . Ulawulo lwe-hormone ye-thyroid ngendlela ye-levothyroxine igxotha amazinga e-TSH ngempendulo engalunganga. Ngaphandle kwe-TSH, i-thyroid ilahlekelwa injongo kwaye iyancipha. Ngenxa yoko, i-hormone ye-thyroid isetyenziselwa unyango oluxinzelelekileyo lweengqungquthela ze-thyroid kunye ne-goiters.
I-intuitively, i-thyroid ehlayo kufuneka ibe nzima ukuba ibe ngumhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ngokulawulwa kwe-levothyroxine, kucatshulwa ukuba i-hormone ephezulu ye-thyroid ingayinqoba ngandlela-thile le nto igxothayo kwaye iguqula umdlavuza.
Nangona le ndlela ingacacile, i-levothyroxine inokuthi idibanise okanye ilandelelanise ukwakheka kwesisu. Ngamanye amazwi, i-levothyroxine ingadlala indima ngqo okanye engacacanga kwindlela yokwenza isisu. Ngokutsho kukaHung kunye nabalobi bezobambiswano:
Okwangoku, kubonakala kungekho zifundo ezichazela iindlela ezikhoyo ze-thyroxin ezihlobene ne-carcinogenesis. Nangona kunjalo, le nto inokuchazwa ngeendlela ezi-2. Okokuqala, i-thyroxin inokusebenza njengommeli ophucula kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo ze-carcinogenesis .... Okwesibini, i-thyroxin ngokwayo ingakhuthaza ukukhula koomdlavuza we-thyroid.
Ithetha ntoni le nto?
Kuthatyathwa yedwa, olu phando lubona ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-levothyroxine rhoqo kuxhomekeke kumhlaza wesibeletho kamva kusho nto encinci. Ezi ziphumo zisekelwe kwiphando elincinane lokuphanda elincinci. Ngaphezu koko, kunokubakho imiba kunye noyilo lophando.
Okokuqala, bambalwa abantu abathatha i-levothyroxine ye-hypothyroidism baya kuhlakulela umdlavuza we-thyroid okanye ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Ngokukodwa, iHong kunye noogxa bafumene ukuba i-2.88 pesenti yezifundo kunye ne-hypothyroidism zaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa umdlavuza we-thyroid. Ukongezelela, i-0.86 pesenti yezifundo ngaphandle kwe-hypothyroidism zaqhubeka nokuhlakulela umdlavuza we-thyroid.
Okwesibini, le sifundo yinto yokuqala yokubonisa umbutho phakathi kokusebenzisa i-levothyroxine rhoqo nomhlaza wesibeletho. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba umbutho uhlukile kweso sizathu. Abaphandi ababonanga ukuba i-levothyroxine ibangela umdlavuza we-thyroid.
Ngokutsho kukaHung kunye nabalobi bezobambiswano:
[A] nangona iziphumo zibonisa ukuba umbutho phakathi komhlaza we-thyroid kunye nokusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-thyroxin, uphando olongezelelweyo lufunekayo ukuze uhlalutye kwaye uqinisekise ezi ziphumo .... Nangona inxaxheba eyinyani ye-thyroxin ekuphuculweni komhlaza we-thyroid igqitywa ukuphandwa, oogqirha banokucinga ukuba lo mbutho xa unyanga izigulane nge-subclinical hypothyroidism.
Ababhali bavuma ngokucacileyo ukuba iziphumo zabo ziyimibutho efuna ukukhishwa ngaphandle kophando olongezelelweyo. Olu phofu lincinci kwaye sifuna amanyathelo athile amakhulu kwisampula ngokwenene naluphi na umbutho.
Okuthakazelisayo kukuba, abalobi benza isincomo esisetyenzisiweyo sokuba oogqirha bangakwazi ukugcina lo mbutho engqondweni xa bechaza izigulane ze-levothyroxine ezine-subclinical hypothyroidism, okanye ukuhluleka kwe-thyroid. Esi siphakamiso mhlawumbi singekafiki.
Okwesithathu, isiseko esisisiseko sophando sinokuphulwa. Ngokukodwa, abaphandi abahluki phakathi kwezinto ezihlukahlukeneyo ze-hypothyroidism. I-hypothyroidism eyinyameko, enokufuna ukusetyenziswa okungaphezulu kwe-levothyroxine, ihluke kwi-hypothyroidism eyingozi, enokuthi ifune ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-levothyroxine, kwaye ukuhlukana kwangaphakathi kungabangela ukunyuka kwamazinga omhlaza obonwa kubasebenzisi be-thyroxine rhoqo. Okubalulekileyo, abaphandi ba-apula nama-orang.
Okwesine, abaphandi basebenzisa i-inshurensi yedatha ukuchaza ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-thyroid nokungaqhelekanga, okuyiyo indlela engathandekiyo.
ILizwi
Ukuba ishiywe ingaphathwa, i-hypothyroidism ingonwabi kwaye ibuhlungu. Abantu abane-hypothyroidism banokuphelelwa amandla, ukuxinwa, ukuxinezeleka, isikhumba esomileyo, ukufumana ubunzima, kunye nokunye. U-Levothyroxine uyonyango olufanelekileyo lwe-hypothyroidism kwaye unokuphucula umgangatho wobomi. Abantu abaninzi bathatha i-levothyroxine imihla ngemihla ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uye wachaza u-levothyroxine rhoqo ukuba unyango lwe-hypothyroidism, akufanele uxhalabele kakhulu le nyilisi ebangela umdlavuza. Ngenxa yobuninzi babantu, inzuzo ye-levothyroxine iphambene nayo nayiphina imiphumo emibi, kubandakanywa nomhlaza. Ukongezelela, oku kuhlolisisa i-levothyroxine rhoqo kunye nomdlavuza we-thyroid ungancinci kwaye unokuba nemiba yokuyila. Ekugqibeleni, ikhonkco abaphandi abacebisa ngokwenene badinga uphando olungakumbi phambi kokuba kukho naziphi na izimangalo ezicacileyo.
Akufanele uguqulwe i-regimen yakho yeyeza ngenxa yokwesaba umdlavuza we-thyroid esekelwe kule ncinane encinci, mhlawumbi isifundo esichaphazelekayo. Ukuba uhlala uthatha i-levothyroxine phantsi kweliso lonyango lwakho, nceda ulandele kunye nale cwangciso yonyango. Naluphina utshintsho kwisicwangciso sonyango kufuneka uxoxwe kunye nodokotela wakho.
Ukuba unomdla malunga nekhonkco phakathi kwe-levothyroxine kunye nomdlavuza we-thyroid-okanye nayiphi na enye into, nceda uxoxe nale ngxelo yakho ye- endocrinologist okanye ugqirha wezempilo . Xa ubuza imibuzo, awuyikugxotha kuphela izinto ozikhathazayo kodwa ufunde kabanzi malunga nemeko yakho. Insight iyindawo ebalulekileyo yonyango oluphumelelayo.
> Imithombo
> Cantrell F. Isahluko 150. I-Hormone yeTyroid. Ku: Olson KR. eds. Ukutyhefuza nokugqithiswa kweDrug, 6e eNew York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012.
> Hellevik, AI, et al. Umsebenzi we-Thyroid kunye neengozi zeCancer: I-Epidemiology yeCarry, i-Biomarkers kunye noKhusela. 2009; 18: 570-574.
> Hung, SH, Chung, SD, Lin, HC. Usetyenziso lwe-Thyroxin luhlangene nomngcipheko weKhrojekti yeChroroid kwizigulane ezine-Hypothyroidism. Umbhalo we-Clinical Pharmacology. NgoJulayi 19, 2017. (e-pub ngaphambi kokuprinta)
> Stoll, SJ, et al. I-Hroid Hormone Replacement emva kwe-Thyroid Lobectomy. Ukuhlinzwa. 2009: 146: 554-560.