Iimfucuza zaqhambuka eCalifornia okokuqala ngethuba elide-umphumo wabazali bakhetha ukungagonyanga abantwana babo kwisifo. Ngethuba, kunikwe, abaninzi abantu basinda kwiimasel , abanye (ikakhulukazi abaselula kunye nabasemzini).
Yintoni enokubangela ukuba abazali baphephe ukugonya okuza kubakhusela abantwana babo engozini enkulu?
Amajelo asasazela ukuba ininzi yokugonywa kwegciwane isekelwe ukwesaba ukuba izitofu ziza kubangela ukuba abantwana babe yi-autistic. Kwaye kubonakala nantoni na, nokuba kubuyiselwa kwezifo eziqinileyo eziphelile, kungcono kunomngcipheko we-autism.
Kungekudala, ndakuva umvakalisi we-rediyo (eneziqinisekiso eziqinileyo) uthi amawaka abazali ayanqanda iigonti ngokusekelwe kwi-1992-debunked 1992 ngo- Andrew Wakefield et al, owenza i-kima inxulumene ne-autism kwi-immune vaccine. Phantse bonke oogqirha ababandakanyekayo kwisifundo baye bawushiya kwaye isifundo ngokwaso sakhanyelwa ngokusemthethweni kwiphepha lezonyango. O, kwaye Wakefield yalahlekelwa ilayisenisi yakhe.
Kodwa ngaba le nto encinci, i-debunked yokufunda iqhube ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-12 eyadlulayo ngokwenene ibangela imbambano enkulu? Kutheni abantu beza kuqhubeka bekholelwa kwisifundo esiye saqineka ngokucacileyo kwaye singekho sikweni? Enyanisweni, ngoxa uvavanyo lukaWakefield luyimpembelelo ebalulekileyo kwinkqubela yokukhusela, ngokuqinisekileyo kwaye ngelishwa akusona nje isizathu!
Ngexesha lama-1990 kunye nakuma-2000, abeendaba baphuma kwiindaba zeWakefield. Kwaye ezinye iimidiya zatshintsha uWakefield ngokwakhe ukuba abe martyr. Ukucinga kuhamba into enje: "Wakefield ukhubekile enyanisweni ngamagciwane." Ziyi-poisons, ngenxa yokuba izitofu zenza imali enkulu, ke, uye wacwaka. "
UWakefield ngokukhawuleza waba ngumdumo kwiindawo ezithile kwaye uzama ukuba "debunk" isifundo sakhe sibe "ubungqina" bobuqhetseba. UWakefield uyaqhubeka ethetha nezihlwele ezinkulu kwiintlobo ezithile zeenkomfa ze-autism ezijolise "kwiindlela" zokuthi i-autism ibangele kwaye yonyango.
Iingcamango zesigulane sokugonywa kwe-autism (okokuthi "i-Big Pharma iyayibethela inetyhefu abantwana bethu ngamachiza, kodwa abayi kuze bayifumane ngenxa yokuba benza imali eninzi kwiigonti, ngoko baya kutshabalalisa nabani na ababethela ikhwelo") ithatyathwe ingcambu ngezizathu ezininzi.
"I-Autism" iye yahlengahlengiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiminyaka engama-30 edlulileyo, kubangele ukukhulula okukhulu, "okungachazwanga" ukuxilonga. Izibalo azinako ukuxoka, kodwa zidideka kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo (kwaye kukho eminye imizekelo), i-Asperger syndrome "yaqulunqwa" njengesigaba sokuxilonga ekupheleni kwee-1980. Ukuxilongwa komntu omnye kunye ne-Asperger syndrome, ngelo xesha, kuya kuba yinyuka yeepesenti ezingama-100 kwi-diagnostic !
Ukongezelela, inkcazo ye-autism, ngokubanzi, yandiswa ngokubanzi ukuze ibandakanye abantu abaneentlobo ezininzi zempawu. Akunzima ukwenza isatifiketi esibonisa ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwizifo zokuxilongwa kwe-autism, kodwa kumangalisi kunzima ukuchaza ukuba ukukhula kolwimi olulula, oluqondakalayo.
Emva koko, phakathi ne-2000, inkwenkwezi uJenny McCarthy waphenduka umcimbi wokugonya-autism kwimeko yesigidimi esipheleleyo kunye neencwadi zakhe, ukubukeka kweTV, ukubonakala kwezinto ezibonakalayo kunye nezinye iziganeko zeendaba. Wayeqinisekile ngokupheleleyo, esekelwe kwi-"Yunivesithi yeGoogle" ngolwazi, ukuba unyana wakhe u-Evan wayegwenywe-galelo-kwaye wayenempembelelo enkulu ekucingeni koluntu malunga nomcimbi.
I-Autism Ithetha, yintoni (ngenxa yezikolo zayo ezinzulu kunye nokudibanisa okufutshane kwi-media kunye ne-Broadway) yaba yi-gorilla yemali eyi-500 yokuqwashiswa kwe-autism, yaqala ukuthatha ingcamango yokuxilongwa kwe-autism-vaccine. Oku kwakuyimiphumo yamacandelo amaninzi ngaphakathi kwintsapho yaseWright eqhuba i-Autism Ithetha.
Nangona ama-Wrights asebekhulile (oogogo nomkhulukazi ongumzukulu we-autistic) babengabalandeli beengcamango, intombi yabo uK Katie (umama ukuya kumaKristu) yayiqinisekisile ukuba umKristu wayegwenywe ngumjovo. Ukugcina uxolo phakathi kwentsapho, i-Autism Ithetha ihanjiswe enye imali kwi-yophando ejongene noxhumo olusenokwenzeka lokugonya-autism. Oku kukhokelela abaninzi ukuba bakholelwe ukuba "akukho msi ongenawo umlilo."
Urhulumente wesigqeba uqhuba inkqubo yempindiselo yokulimala-ngenxa yokuba, ngokuqinisekileyo, izitofu zinokubangela ukulimala ngezinye izihlandlo. Iintsapho eziliqela zenze izigwebo eziphezulu zokufuna ukuhlawulwa ngokusekelwe kwi-autism yomntwana okanye "ukulimala kwe-autism-like". Abanye abantu bafumene imbuyekezo, nangona iimeko zazizodwa (umntwana wayenemicimbi yezinto zangaphambili ezikhoyo). Oku kwakhokelela ekucingeni ukuba sibheke kwi-tip of iceberg yokulimala.
I-NIH kunye ne-CDC ixhaswa ngemali emininzi yezifundo ezinkulu eziye zaphikisa ngokupheleleyo ingcamango yokuba kunokuba kukho nayiphi na intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-autism kunye ne-vaccines. Nangona abanye abantu beqinisekiswa yizo zifundo, abo babesele bakholelwa kwiqhinga babona oku njengobungqina obuninzi beqhinga phakathi koRhulumente Omkhulu kunye ne-Big Pharma. Ukuba ezi ziphumo zaxhaswa zizifundo ezizimeleyo zamazwe ngamazwe kubonakala zingenanto.
Iibloggers ze-intanethi (ezinye kunye namadireji ezonyango) zaba ngamagama asekhaya awaziwayo kwindawo ethile yabantu. Laba bantu bachaza ukuba (nangona uphando lwabaninzi bezenzululwazi emhlabeni wonke) kwacaca ukuba izitofu zeentana kunye nabantwana abasemncinci bamele "indlela enokukhawuleza kakhulu" kwindlela yokwelapha. Ngokucacileyo, le ngqungquthela yahamba, "ukugubha" zonke iiphilisi kunye neekhemikhali kwiintsana kunye nabantwana abaselula babenza abantwana benxeba elibi ngendlela yokwenza i-autism.
Iibloggers ezingakumbi kwi-intanethi, kunye nabaququzeleli beenkomfa ze-autism, bakhuthazwa "ukunyanga" kwe-autism okubandakanyeka "ukuxuba" abantwana "kwiibhokhwe" ezifakwe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiigciwane ukuya kutshatyalaliswa kongcoliseko lwamayeza kumveliso kunye nokutya. Iindaba zaphakanyiswa ngabantwana "baphiliswa" nge-autism ngale ndlela. Ingaba oko kungabikho na mabali okwenyaniso, ngokucacileyo, umcimbi wokuba ucingisise.
Abaphandi abaphambili baye banyathelisa izifundo ezininzi ezibonisa ukuba i-autism yintlupheko "enezinto eziphilayo kunye neengxaki zokusingqongileyo." Ngamanye amagama, awuzalwanga i-autistic, uzalwe ngokuxhomekeke kwi-autism enokuthi isetyenziswe kuphela ngento engalungileyo kwimeko. Yintoni enokuthi loo nto "yongqongileyo"? Kukho iingcamango ezininzi, kodwa xa abazali bebukela ugqirha umntwana wabo ngenaliti-kwaye umntwana wabo ubonisa iimpawu ze-autism phakathi kweveki okanye iinyanga-ukuxhunywa "okunengqiqo" kwenziwa.
Zonke ezi ziganeko, ukunyakaza, amabali kunye neenkolelo zisebenza kunye ukuze zenze iindawo ezinokholo, ukungakholelwa, kunye nokuxhalabisa okufuna ukuphuma. Ukuba isiphumo siye sabangela ukuqubuka kwemasisi akusiyo, mhlawumbi, kunzima ukuyiqonda. Umbuzo wama-64,000, nangona kunjalo, ngaba i-juggernaut ingamiswa?