Yintoni eguqa idolo?
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamadolo kukulimala okungavamile kwaye kunzulu kakhulu. Ukuxotshwa kwamadolo kwenzeka xa ithambo lesithambo kunye nesifuba shinti lingalawuleki phakathi. Ukuguquka kwamadolo kuhluke kwi- patellar dislocation . Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-patellar, ebizwa ngokuba "i- kneecap dislocation ," kwenzeka xa i-kneecap iphuma kwiphulophu yayo ekupheleni kwethambo lethanga.
Izizathu zokutshintshwa
Ukuphazamiseka kwezibilini kudla ukulimala kwamandla amaninzi. Ezi nzakala zingenzeka ngokuphazamiseka kwemoto, ukuwa okukhulu, kunye nokulimala kwezemidlalo. Ukuguquka kwamadolo kudla ngokudibanisa kunye ne- subluxation , kodwa oku akunjalo ukulimala okufanayo. I-subluxation ligama elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukuchithwa okuyingxenye. Olu hlobo lovakalelo olwenzekayo xa idolo " linika " ngenxa yesigidi esonakele. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamadolo yingozi kakhulu eyenzekayo xa isiphelo sesithambo sethanga silahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kunye ne-top shin bone. Emva kokuba idolo lidluke, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka kulungiswe kwindawo efanelekileyo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-subluxation "iya ku-slip" kwisithuba.
Nangona amaninzi okuguqa ngamadolo ngalawa maninzi aphezulu, ukulimala okubi kakhulu, ukuguqulwa kwamadolo kunokuvela kwi-twist engavamile okanye engekho. Enyanisweni, mhlawumbi malunga ne-40% yamadolo okutshatyalaliswa okunokuthi ayenzeka ngeendlela ezibi kakhulu zokulimala.
Oku kuthetha, ukuxhalabisa okufanayo kunye nomonakalo kumathambo athile ajikelezayo, kwaye ukulimala kuhlolwa kwaye kulawulwa ngendlela efanayo.
Xa idolo lidlulayo, umonakalo omkhulu ukwenziwa kwiithambo ezithambileyo ezijikeleze umdibaniselwano. Iigulantshi zamadolo zihlala ziwonakaliswe xa kugxothwa idolo.
Ukuchonga ukuba yeyiphi i-ligamentsakele eyona nto yamanyathelo okuqala okuvavanya ukuguqulwa kwamadolo. Phantse njalo, zombini i -stroy-stroate ligament (ACL) kunye ne- posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) esezantsi. Ukongezelela, i- collateral ligaments , i-cartilage kunye ne-meniscus nayo ingonakaliswa. Ukuxoswa kwamadolo ngokukhethekileyo kubangelwa ngenxa yomonakalo odla ngokubakho kwiimbumba ezibalulekileyo kunye nezisombululo ezijikelezayo. Enyanisweni, ukulimala kwe-vascular kunokuba nzima kangangokuba impilo yomlenze ingasongelwa kwinqanaba lokufuna utyando lwe-vascular emergency.
Izimpawu zokuHlukana
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokuguquka kwamadolo zibandakanya intlungu, ukuvuvukala, kunye nokukhubazeka kokubambisana. Isiphelo esisezantsi sisoloko sifana sifutshane, kwaye nayiphi na intshukumo yomphetho iya kubangela intlungu. Phantse isiqingatha se-knees dislocation zibekwa phambi kokuba ucinge ngophelo. Oku kungaba ngumphumo wamadolo aqhutywe ngaphambi kokuba isiguli sifinyelele esibhedlele.
Nanini na ukutshutshiswa kwamadolo, i-x-ray iyenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukuba idibeneyo ixhunyiwe. Ukuba kukho ukutshintshwa, umdibaniselwano uya kubeka kwakhona, othiwa "ukunciphisa intsebenziswano." Xa udibaniselwano oluhlangeneyo luyancitshiswe, ugqirha uya kuhlolisisa kwaye alonge iisiti kunye nemithambo yegazi ejikeleze idibeneyo.
Ukuze uhlalutye kakuhle imithana yegazi, ugqirha wakho unokufumana iimvavanyo ezizodwa zemithanjeni yegazi (njenge-angiogram) kwaye mhlawumbi ukuvuma kwisibhedlele ukuze uqaphelisise imithwalo yakho yegazi.
Izinyango Zonyango
Kwimigangatho yokuqala emva kokudlulela kwamadolo, okuphambili kukuqinisekisa unyango olufanelekileyo lwaluphi na ulwaphulo oluthile okanye unobungozi. Xa ngokuqinisekileyo ezi zakhiwo ziphilile, ingqalelo ingaphendulwa ekujonganeni nomonakalo we- ligament , i-cartilage kunye ne- meniscus eyenzeka ngexesha lokuchithwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuba uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uvuselele izigulane ezonakalisiweyo.
Uninzi lwamaxesha amaninzi, iigamente ezininzi kufuneka zakhiwe kwakhona. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo eziphinda zakhiwe emva kokuba ukuguqulwa kwamadolo yi- ACL ne- PCL . Iindawo zomonakalo we- cartilage zilungiswa , kwaye i- meniscus iinyembezi zihlambulukanga okanye zilungiswe.
Iingxaki emva kokungqubuzana kwamadolo zibandakanya imiba enxulumene nokulimala kwentsholongwane. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo emva kokuxhulwa kwamadolo kungakhathaliseki ukuguquka kwamadolo okanye ukungazinzi okungapheliyo kwamadolo . Ukunamathela kwonyango olumiselweyo lwegciwane elihlangeneyo liya kunceda unciphise ithuba lokuphuhlisa enye yezi ngxaki.
Kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo ukuba nabani na oye waxhaswa ngamadolo, okanye ukhunjulwa ukuba uye waqhubeka nokulimala, abe negazi ekupheleni kokuvavanywa ngokucophelela. Ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi ukuya kumphetho ongaphantsi kuphazamiseka emva kokutshatyalaliswa, oku kungakhokelela ekutshitshisweni komgca. Xa ezi zinyango zifumaneka, ziyakwazi ukulungiswa, kodwa oku kufuneka kwenziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye unyango alukwazi ukulibaziseka. Uninzi lwabantu abalondoloza ukuguqulwa kwamadolo baya kuba nokuphuma kwegazi kwabo ngokuvavanywa ngokuthe ngqo, okanye izifundo ezizodwa zokuvavanya ukujikeleza kwe-vascular kumda.
ILizwi
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamadolo kukulimala okungaqhelekanga, okunzulu. Amadolo amaninzi angadluliselwa ngaphandle kokubunzima, kodwa kukho ukukhathazeka okukhulu kwimizila, imithana yegazi kunye neentsholongwane. Ngenxa yeso sizathu, nangona ukuba idolo lichithwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kwezi zakhiwo ezinxulumene kuyimfuneko.
Umthombo:
> Levy BA, et al. "Iingxabano ekwenzeni unyango lwamadolo kunye nokulungiswa kwemigudu yamanzi" J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2009 Ngo-Apr; 17 (4): 197-206.