I-herpes ye-Neonatal iyenzeka xa umntwana usulelekile kwi- HSV-1 okanye i-HSV-2 kufuphi nexesha lokuzalwa. Olu hlobo lwesifo luyingozi kakhulu. Ingakhokelela ekukhubazekeni kwimeko yonke okanye ukufa. Ngethamsanqa, i-herpes ye-neonatal ayinqabile. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziqikelela ukuba kukho kuphela iimeko ezingama-1500 ze-herpes ze-neonatal ngonyaka e-United States. Oko kusebenza kwimeko nganye kwimeko nganye ye-3200 yokudiliva.
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ze-herpes ze-neonatal:
- Ukusasazwa kwezifo , ezibandakanya izitho ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zibonisa malunga neentsuku ezili-10-12 zobomi. Ngona hlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lwe-herpes neonatal. Ingakhokelela kwiinkalo ezininzi ezibandakanya
- Sepsis
- Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumula
- Ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi
- Ukusasazwa kwe-coagulation ye-intravascular, okanye i-DIC, apho i-blood clots ifomula kuwo wonke umzimba womntwana
- I-CNS, okanye inkqubo ye-nervous central, izifo . Oku kubonisa malunga ne-1/3 yeziganeko ze-herpes ze-neonatal. Ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa phakathi kweiveki ezi-2-3 zobomi. Ininzi yale ntsana inamahlunu esikhumba ngexesha elithile, kwaye iimpawu ziquka:
- ukuxhamla
- ukhathala
- ukucaphuka
- ingxaki yokutya okanye ukunciphisa ukutya
- iingxaki zokugcina ukushisa komzimba
- ukuvuvukala kwii-fontanelles (amabala athambileyo)
- Isifo se-SEM, esicaleni kwesikhumba, iso, kunye / okanye umlomo. Ngoku ukuba i-antitivirals iyatholakala, oku kwenza malunga nesiqingatha sezo zonke iimeko ze-herpes ze-neonatal. Kananjalo ezinye zezi ntsana zifumana ukugqithisa kunezo zigulo ze-CNS. Ezi ntsana nazo zinempawu ngeentsuku ezili-10-12 zobomi.
Ngenhlanhla, unyango lwe-herpes olusebenzayo lufumaneka. I-Acyclovir iboniswe ukuba yonyango olusebenzayo lwe-herpe neonatal. Nangona kunjalo, ingozi iphezulu. Ngaphandle kwonyango, ukuya kwi-30% yabantwana abasasazwa i-herpes ye-neonatal bafa ngaphambi kokuba bafike kwi-birthday yabo yokuqala. Ukufa kuhamba kakhulu kunye neendlela eziphathwe ngayo kwezinye iindidi ze-herpes ze-neonatal.
Inani lokufa kwe-CNS herpes kuphela 4 ekhulwini unyango.
Unyango lunokunciphisa ingozi yokukhubazeka kwexesha elide. Izifundo zibonise ukuba iintsana eziphathwe ngesifo se-SEM zimbalwa kakhulu iingxaki zexesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo ze-herpes ze-natalatal, okanye isifo se-SEM ngaphandle kokonyango oluchanekileyo, kunokukhokelela kwiinkalo ezinzulu, ezizezona zintsholongwane zomntwana. Ezinye iintlobo zomonakalo ezinokubangelwa usulelo lwe-herpes lwe-neonatal ziquka:
- Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
- Ukukhubazeka kwamalungu amabini okanye amane
- Iingxaki zokuziphatha
- Intetho echelekileyo
- Iingxaki zokufunda
- Iingxaki zamehlo
Iintsana Ezona Zingozi Kakhulu Zengxube Zase-Neonatal
Abasetyhini abatsholwe ngentsholongwane yesifo sofuba ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngokuqhelekileyo banokucingwa ukuba banomngcipheko omkhulu wokuhambisa i-herpes kumntwana wabo. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa ukuba ngaba banesifo sofuba nge-HSV-1 kunokuba i-HSV-2. Enye into ebalulekileyo enokucinga ukuba ibangele ingozi enkulu yokutheleleka kwe-herpes ye-neonatal kukuba ubukho be-herpes bhubhane ngexesha lokuzalwa. Abasetyhini abanesifo sokuhlukunyezwa ngokobubele xa beya ekubambeni banokucebisana ukuba baqwalasele isigaba sokumisa endaweni yesisu sokuzalwa. Ezinye iziganeko zengozi zokukhulelwa ze-herpes ze-neonatal ziquka ukuphuka kweembrane ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba umntwana ahanjiswe kwaye kusetyenziswe ama-electrodes e-fetal scalp
Ukongezelela, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuthi i-herpes neonatal isenokudluliselwa emva kokuzalwa. Ngokomzekelo, ngo-2015 izazinzulu zazibonisa ukuba ukusoka kweso sikhundla seYuda kungabangela ukuba abantwana basengozini yokufumana i-herpes ye-neonatal. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukusoka kwesoko kungaquka ukutshatyalaliswa komlomo ngqo kwilonda. Ukuba umntu owenza ulwaluko unesifo sobungozi be-herpes, ukunxibelelana okunxulumene ngqo kungakhokelela ekudlulisweni kwe-herpes. Olu hlobo lokusasazwa olufana nendlela ukuhanjiswa kwe-herpes kwenzeka ngayo ngexesha lesondo lomlomo . Lo mngcipheko awukho ngexesha lokunyangwa kwezokwelapha. Lezo nkqubo azibandakanyi ukuthetha ngomlomo phakathi komboneleli kunye nosana.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusoka kwezokwelapha kunokuphikisana nezinye izizathu .
Enye indlela engaqhelekanga ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-hepatitis ye-hepatitis kungenzeka ngexesha lokuncelisa. I-Herpes ayikwazi ukudluliselwa ngobisi lwebele. Nangona kunjalo, abafazi banokuvelisa izilonda ze-herpes kwiibele. Ukuba umntwana unxibelelana ngomlomo nalezi zilonda, kunokubangela i-herpes ye-neonatal. Ukuhanjiswa okunjalo akunqabile. Oko kwathiwa, kukho iingxelo ezininzi kwiincwadi. Ngoko ke, ukunyamezela abafazi abanezilonda kwiibele kufuneka baxoxe nodokotela wabo malunga nayiphi na ingozi yokusuleleka kwintsholongwane ye-herpes.
Oogqirha banciphisa njani ingozi ye-Herpes?
Kukho iindlela ezininzi oogqirha abaye banciphisa umngcipheko we-herpes ze-neonatal. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwaphulo lokunyanzelisa ngabasetyhini abasandul 'ukusulelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye abafumana ukuphazamiseka kwempawu . Oku kunciphisa amathuba okuba ibhinqa liza kuhlaselwa ngethuba lokunikezelwa. Kwakhona kunciphisa ithuba lokuchithwa kwamanzi . Intsholongwane encinci kwinkqubo yowesifazane, i-inferior amathuba okuba umntwana wakhe uya kubonakala.
- Ukuphakamisa amacandelo amacandelo endaweni yokulala kwamanzi kwabesetyhini abanokuqhaqha kwesibetho sesisu ngokusondeleka komntwana. Oku kunciphisa ithuba lokuba umntwana uza kuqhagamshelana nazo naziphi na izilonda ezisetyenziswayo kumfazi wesifazane okanye phezu kwamalungu omzimba wakhe. Izilonda ezinjalo zibeka ingozi enkulu yokutshatyalaliswa kwegciwane le-herpes.
- Ukukhuthaza izibini ezise-serodiscordant ukuba zenze isondo ngokukhuselekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukwenza oku kunciphisa amathuba okuba ibhinqa liza kutshatyalaliswa ngokutsha kunye ne-herpes ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ekubeni ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane emitsha inxulumene nomngcipheko omkhulu wokudluliselwa, oko kuyinjongo ebalulekileyo. (Oku kubandakanya isondo ngomlomo njengoko ukuhanjiswa kweedpepes ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya kwizitho zangasese kungenxa yezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba iitalpes zomzimba.)
Imithombo:
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Leas BF, Umscheid CA. I-Neonatal Herpes I-Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection kunye neNkcubeko yamaJuda yokuBalukiswa kunye nokuPhumela komlomo: Uhlolo oluHlolo. J Iingcali zeDec. 2015 Juni; 4 (2): 126-31. i-doi: 10.1093 / jpids / piu075.
I-Malm G, i-Forsgren M, i-Azazi M, i-Persson A. Ukufunda ngokulandelelana kwabantwana abanesifo sengqondo sesifo se-herpes simplex sesifo sokubeletha ngokubhekiselele ekuphazamiseni kwexesha elide. I-Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 Feb; 80 (2): 226-34.
Pinninti SG, uKimberlin DW. Ukukhusela intsholongwane ye-herpes simplex kwintsana. Iklinikhi yasePerinatol. 2014 Dec; 41 (4): 945-55. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.clp.2014.08.012.